Transcript Test

Globally Harmonized System
(GHS)
AND
Your Hazard Communication
Program
Hazel Hunter
Project WorkSAFE
Background
• The GHS was adopted by the United Nations in 2002
• Original implementation date for the US was 2008
• OSHA published a notice of proposed rulemaking to
update the hazard communication standard in
September 2009.
•
Held public hearings in March of 2010.
• Final rule made the Federal Registry March 26, 2012.
Background
Negotiated from many different countries,
international organizations and
stakeholders.
Commonly referred to as The Purple Book
The Purple Book
What is GHS?
Logical,
Standardized, Comprehensive
approach to the Communication of
Chemical Hazards
– Purpose is to:
• Define health, physical & enviro hazards
• Communicate hazard info & protective measures
What is GHS?
More of a Right to Understand
than a Right to Know Standard
Why is the GHS needed?
• No country has the ability to identify and
specifically regulate every hazardous chemical
product.
• 650,000 such products in US.
• Adoption of GHS helps address protection
needs.
OSHA ppt
8
David Wallace, CIH Sr. Lecturer, Utah State University Nevada Local Section, AIHA March 9, 2011
9
David Wallace, CIH Sr. Lecturer, Utah State University Nevada Local Section, AIHA March 9, 2011
Benefits to GHS
•
•
•
•
•
•
Maintain Consistency
Increase quality of information
Reduce trade barriers
Reduce confusion
Increase comprehension of hazards
Reduce fatalities and injuries
• 43 fatalities/year
• 585 injuries/year
• Help address literacy problems
1910.1200
year 2012
Manufacturers must classify the hazards of their chemicals
Employers must provide employees with the information
– 1910.1200 e Hazcom Program including:
•
•
•
•
List of chemicals
Container Labeling
SDS (formerly MSDS)
Training
– Hazards and protective measures
•
•
•
•
•
Non-routine tasks
Multi-employer workplace
Methods to provide employees access to SDS
Methods to inform other employers of precautions necessary
Method employer will use to inform other employees of labeling
system
• PPE audit ***********
Phase-in dates
Effective
Completion Date
December 1, 2013
Dec 1, 2013
June 1, 2015*
December 1, 2015
June 1, 2016
Transition Period to
the effective
completion
dates noted
above
Requirement/s
Train employees on the new label
elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format.
Compliance with all modified
provisions of this final rule,
except:
The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled
by the Chemical manufacturer or importer
unless it is a GHS label
Who
Employer
Chemical
manufacturers,
importers,
distributors
and employers
Update alternative workplace labeling and
Hazard Communication program as necessary,
And provide additional employee training
for newly identified physical or health
hazards.
Employer
May comply with either 29 CFR
1910.1200 (the final standard), or
the current standard, or both
Chemical
manufacturers,
importers, distributors,
and employer
Effective
Completion Date
December 1, 2013
Dec 1, 2013
June 1, 2015*
December 1, 2015
June 1, 2016
Transition Period to
the effective
completion
dates noted
above
Requirement/s
Train employees on the new label
elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format.
Compliance with all modified
provisions of this final rule,
except:
The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled
by the Chemical manufacturer or importer
unless it is a GHS label
Who
Employer
Chemical
manufacturers,
importers,
distributors
and employers
Update alternative workplace labeling and
Hazard Communication program as necessary,
And provide additional employee training
for newly identified physical or health
hazards.
Employer
May comply with either 29 CFR
1910.1200 (the final standard), or
the current standard, or both
Chemical
manufacturers,
importers, distributors,
and employer
The Elements of GHS
• Classification Criteria
– Health and Environmental Hazards
– Physical Hazards
• Hazard Communication
– Labels
• Shipping Labels
• In house labels
– Safety Data Sheets
– Training

Hazard Classification
The Good News
For most of you The work falls on someone else – (d) (1) Chemical manufacturers and importers shall
evaluate chemicals produced in their workplaces or
imported by them to classify the chemicals in
accordance with this section.
“Employers are not required to classify chemicals
unless they choose not to rely on the classification
performed by the chemical manufacturer……?”
Manufacturer’s responsibility
A. Hazard Classification
1. Hazard Category
a. Based on available data
b. No testing required
c. Appendix A in 1910.1200 for health
d. Appendix B in 1910.1200 for physical hazard
B. Not your burden!
GHS Hazard Classification
Using the defined criteria in the Purple Book the
manufacturer- Assigns a hazard classification
– Physical Hazards
• 16 categories
– Health Hazards
• 10 categories
– Environmental Hazards
• Mixtures – guidance from the Purple Book
– Again – not your problem
18
Hazard Classifications
Physical Hazards (16)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10. Pyrophoric Solids
Explosives
11. Self-Heating Substances
Flammable Gases
12. Substances which, in contact
Flammable Aerosols
with water, emit flammable
Oxidizing Gases
gases
Gases Under Pressure
13. Oxidizing Liquids
Flammable Liquids
14. Oxidizing Solids
Flammable Solids
15. Organic Peroxides
Self-Reactive Substances
16. Corrosive to Metals
Pyrophoric Liquid
Hazard Classification –
Health Hazards (10)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Acute Toxicity
Skin Corrosion/Irritation
Serous Eye Damage/Eye Irritation
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
Germ Cell Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity
Reproductive Toxicology
Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single Exposure
Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated
Exposure
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10. Aspiration Toxicity
Health Hazards
Hazard Class
Acute Toxicity
1
2
3
4
1A
1B
1C
2
Serious Eye Damage/ Eye Irritation
1
2A
2B
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
1
Skin Corrosion/Irritation
Germ Cell Mutagenicity
1A
1B
2
Carcinogenicity
1A
1B
2
Reproductive Toxicity
1A
1B
2
*STOT –
Single Exposure
1
2
STOT –
Repeated Exposure
1
2
Aspiration
1
Simple Asphyxiants
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Hazard Category
Single Category
*STOT = Specific Target Organ Toxicity
3
Lactation
Hazard Classification
Aquatic Environmental
Acute aquatic toxicity
Chronic aquatic toxicity
• Bioaccumulation potential
• Rapid degradability
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Elements of GHS
Shipping Labels – 6 elements:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Product Identifier
Manufacturer/supplier
Pictogram
Signal Words
Hazard Statements
Precautionary Statements
Workplace labels
OSHA has not changed the general requirements
Flexibility – but
1. Must be effective
2. Must be explained in your
Hazcom program
Workplace Labels
And I quote,
“ Employers may choose to label workplace
containers either with the same label that would
be on shipped containers ….. under the revised
rule, or with label alternatives that meet the
requirements of the standard. Alternative
labeling systems such as the NFPA 704 hazard
rating (the diamond) are permitted for workplace
containers. However the information supplied on
these labels must be consistent with the revised
HCS, e.g., no conflicting hazard warnings or
pictograms.” page 153 of final rule
Workplace labels
Options for the employer:
– Create their own workplace labels
– Provide all of the required information that is on the label
from the manufacturer,
– The product identifier and words, pictures, symbols or a
combination thereof, signs, placards, process sheets,
batch tickets, operating procedures
which in combination with other information immediately
available to employees, provide specific information regarding
the hazards of the chemicals.
Workplace labels must be in English.
– Other languages may be added to the label if applicable.
Acceptable –
–
–
–
–
Pictograms with black border
PPE pictograms
Environmental pictograms
Symbols that are not OSHA’s HCS pictograms
May continue to use National Fire Protection (NFPA)
diamonds
– HMIS labels*
* As long as they are consistent with the requirements of the Hazcom
Standard and the employee has immediate access to additional
information on the specific hazard
Confusion
Deep in the guts of the Purple Book
hazard the numbering system to indicate
how hazardous a chemical is, is opposite
the HMIS/NFPA classification.
4 being least hazardous vs HMIS where 4
will kill you.
GHS classification ratings order of severity differ
from NFPA and HMIS:
HMIS/NFPA
0 = Least Hazardous
4 = Most Hazardous
GHS
5 = Least Hazardous
1 = Most Hazardous
PPT-016-04
36
Labels (cont.)
Nine symbols aka pictograms
Includes an “Environment” pictogram
31
Pictograms
Pictograms
Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a
white background framed within a red
border and represents a distinct hazard.
The pictogram on the label is determined
by the chemical hazard classification.
Pictograms
Health Hazard
•
•
•
•
•
•
Carcinogen
Mutagenicity
Reproductive Toxicity
Respiratory Sensitizer
Target Organ Toxicity
Aspiration Toxicity
– Benzene
– Vinyl Chloride
– Ethylene Oxide
Pictograms
Flammables
•
•
•
•
•
Pyrophorics
Self – Heating
Emits Flammable Gas
Self Reactives
Organic Peroxides
– Acetone
– Paints / stains
– Fuels
Pictogram
Exclamation Mark
• Irritant (skin and eye)
• Skin Sensitizer
• Acute Toxicity
(harmful)
• Narcotic Effects
• Respiratory Tract
Irritant
– Cyclohexanone
– Fiberglass
– Hazardous Dusts
Pictogram
Gas Cylinder
Compressed gas
– Refrigerant gas
– Air Monitor Calibration
Gas
– SCBA or SCUBA tanks
– Propane tanks
– Fire extinguishers?
– Compressed gases
– Liquefied gases
Pictogram
Corrosion
• Skin
Corrosion/Burns
• Eye Damage
• Corrosive to Metals
–
–
–
–
Many Acids
Hydrofluoric Acid
Battery
Zinc Chloride
Solution
Pictogram
Exploding Bomb
• Explosives
• Self – reactive
• Organic Peroxides
–
–
–
–
Fireworks
Ammunition
Flares
Need more
Pictogram
Flame Over Circle
• Oxidizers
– Hypochlorite
– Oxygen
– Ozone
Pictogram
Skull and Crossbones
• Acute Toxicity
(fatal or toxic)
Arsenic
Chloroform
Cyanide Solutions
Pictogram
Environment
Aquatic Toxicity
– (Non-Mandatory)
– Herbicides
– Insecticides
– Heavy metals
Signal Words
DANGER – defines a serious hazard
WARNING – hazard is less dangerous
Precautionary Statement
• A phrase which describes recommended
measures that should be taken to minimize or
prevent adverse effects resulting from exposures
to a hazardous product, or improper storage or
handling of a hazardous product
• 5 Types of Statements
–
–
–
–
–
General
Prevention
Response
Storage
Disposal
Supplemental Information
Any additional information
– Directions for use
– Expiration date
– Lot number
Shipping Labels
•
•
•
•
•
•
Product identifier
Signal word
Hazard statement(s)
Pictogram(s)
Precautionary statement(s)
Name, address, and phone number of the
responsible party.
Acetone
DANGER
Signal Word
Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Causes serious eye irritation
Hazard Statement/s
Keep away from heat/sparks/open
flames/hot surfaces. No smoking.
Take precautionary measures against static
discharge.
Keep cool. Protect from sunlight
Keep Container tightly closed.
Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Wear
protective gloves/protective clothing, eye
protection/face protection.
IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several
minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and
easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Precautionary
statement/s
ABC Manufacturer
Chemical Avenue
Chemical, State 12345-1234
Supplemental
information
Material Safety Data Sheets
New – Safety Data Sheets
Old OSHA MSDS format
OSHA-174 (1989), 8 sections (non-mandatory)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Manufacturer information
Hazard Ingredients/Identity Information
Physical/chemical properties
Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
Reactivity Data
Health Hazard Data
Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
Control Measures
50
NEW - SDS Format:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
16 headings
Identification
Hazard(s) identification
Composition/information on ingredients
First-aid measures
Fire-fighting measures
Accidental release measures
Handling and storage
Exposure control/personal protection
Format: 16 headings (cont.)
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Physical and chemical properties
Stability and reactivity
Toxicological information
Ecological information *
Disposal considerations *
Transport information *
Regulatory information *
Other information
A. Date of preparation and most recent revision
* Green = non mandatory (out of OSHA
jurisdiction
NEW - SDS Format:
1.
16 headings
Identification
 Product identifier
 Manufacturer or distributor
Address
Phone number
Emergency phone number
Recommended use and restrictions
NEW - SDS Format:
16 headings
1. Identification
2. Hazard(s) identification
 All hazards regarding the chemical
 Labelling Elements
NEW - SDS Format:
1.
2.
16 headings
Identification
Hazard(s) identification
3. Composition/information on ingredients
 Ingredients
 Trade secret claims
 OBTW – trade secrets provision remains
NEW - SDS Format:
16 headings
1.
Identification
2.
3.
Hazard(s) identification
Composition/information on ingredients
4. First-aid measures
 Symptoms / effects
Acute, or
Delayed
 Required treatments
NEW - SDS Format:
16 headings
1.
2.
3.
4.
Identification
Hazard(s) identification
Composition/information on ingredients
First-aid measures
5.
Fire-fighting measures
Extinguishing techniques
Type of extinguisher
Chemical hazards from fire
NEW - SDS Format:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
16 headings
Identification
Hazard(s) identification
Composition/information on ingredients
First-aid measures
Fire-fighting measures
6. Accidental release measures
 Lists emergency procedures
 Protective equipment
 Containment and cleanup
NEW - SDS Format:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
16 headings
Identification
Hazard(s) identification
Composition/information on ingredients
First-aid measures
Fire-fighting measures
Accidental release measures
7. Handling and storage
 Precautions for safe handling and storage
 Includes incompatibilities
NEW - SDS Format:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
16 headings
Identification
Hazard(s) identification
Composition/information on ingredients
First-aid measures
Fire-fighting measures
Accidental release measures
Handling and storage
8. Exposure control/personal protection
 OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limits (PELS)
 Threshold Limit Values (TLV’s)
 Engineering Controls
 Personal Protective Equipment
Format: 16 headings (cont.)
9. Physical and chemical properties
 Lists chemical characteristics
Format: 16 headings (cont.)
9.
Physical and chemical properties
10. Stability and reactivity
 Lists chemical stability
 Possible hazardous reactions
Format: 16 headings (cont.)
9.
10.
Physical and chemical properties
Stability and reactivity
11. Toxicological information
 Routes of exposure
 Inhalation
 Ingestion
 Skin / eye contact
 Symptoms
 Acute and Chronic effects
 Numerical measures of toxicity
Format: 16 headings (cont.)
9.
10.
11.
Physical and chemical properties
Stability and reactivity
Toxicological information
12.
13.
14.
15.
Ecological information *
Disposal considerations *
Transport information *
Regulatory information*
* Green = non mandatory (out of OSHA
jurisdiction – will be addressed by DOT,
EPA or Consumer Products Safety
Format: 16 headings (cont.)
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Physical and chemical properties
Stability and reactivity
Toxicological information
Ecological information *
Disposal considerations *
Transport information *
Regulatory information *
16. Other information
 Date of preparation and most recent
revision
 Other useful information
LABEL REQUIREMENTS –
SHIPPING CONTAINERS
• Product identifier
• Signal word
• Hazard statement(s)
• Pictogram(s)
• Precautionary statement(s)
• Name, address, and phone number of the
responsible party.
Training
• Effective
• Time of initial assignment
• Whenever new chemical with new hazard is introduced
Note: training may be designed to cover categories of
hazards – not necessarily every chemical / SDS
– All flammables
– All carcinogens
However, chemical specific information needs to be
provided through labels and SDS
TRAINING
Labeling elements
–Signal words
–Pictograms
–Precautionary statements
–Interaction of chemicals
–Proper storage
Safety Data Sheet
- New format
Enforcement Dates
Effective
Completion Date
December 1,
2013
June 1, 2015*
December 1, 2015
June 1, 2016
Transition Period to the
effective
completion dates
noted above
Requirement/s
Who
Train employees on the new label
Employer
elements and safety data sheet
(SDS) format.
Compliance with all modified
provisions of this final rule,
except:
The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled
by the Chemical manufacturer or importer
unless it is a GHS label
Chemical
manufacturers,
importers,
distributors
and employers
Update alternative workplace labeling and
Hazard Communication program as necessary,
And provide additional employee training
for newly identified physical or health
hazards.
Employers
May comply with either 29 CFR
1910.1200 (the final standard), or
the current standard, or both
Chemical manufacturers,
importers, distributors,
and employer
Review - 3 Major Changes
1. Hazard Classification
– Definitions of hazard have been changed to reflect specific
criteria – i.e. classifications
– Classification of mixtures
2. Labels
–
–
–
–
–
Significant changes to the look
Signal word,
Pictogram
Hazard Statement
Precautionary statements
3. Data Sheets
-- 16 part data sheets are GHS required
Differences
For a side by side comparison of all the
differences – go to
http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/docs/ghsoshac
omparison.pdf
153 page doc
Expect changes 
• OSHA says “It is expected that the GHS will be a living
document and is expected to remain up-to-date and
relevant; therefore further changes may be adopted on
a two year cycle. Presently most of the recent updates
have been clarifications of text. However, OHSA
anticipates that future updates of the HCS may be
necessary and can be done through various rulemaking
options, including:
• Technical updates for minor changes
• Direct Final Rules for text clarification
• Notice and comment rulemaking for more substantive
and controversial updates
PERSONAL PROTECTION
EQUIPMENT
• Assessment required
• Each task
• Inhalation - nearly all materials that are airborne can be
inhaled
• Skin Absorption - skin contact with a substance can
result in a possible reaction
• Ingestion - most workers do not deliberately swallow
materials they handle
• Injection – normally associated with bloodborne
pathogens
• Ocular - absorbed through the eyes