Transcript Slide 1
Nanotechnology Research in Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering
Participating faculty: Ruben Carbonell Joe DeSimone Michael Dickey Jan Genzer Keith Gubbins Carol Hall Saad Khan Henry Lamb Greg Parsons Rich Spontak Orlin Velev (photoresists, bioseparations, coatings) (PRINT nano particle fabrication) (nanoelectronics, nano-fabrication, theory) (polymers at interfaces, assembly, theory) (transport in porous media) (pattern recognition, protein aggregation) (polymer rheology, associative polymers) (catalysis, electronic materials) (molecular electronics, solar energy) (polymer morphology, processing, blends) (nanodevice fabrication, colloidal science)
“nanotopics” of interest in NCSU’s CBE
Bio-colloids Microfluidics Bulk & surface assembly Electronic materials Combinatorial research Biointerfaces Organic/inorganic nanocomposites Energy harvesting Chemical pattern recognition Computer simulations vs. experiment Chemical & topographical control of surfaces Molecular transportation
Self-organizing systems Block and graft copolymers Functionalized polymers Asphaltenic aggregates Nanoparticles Patterning Interfacial modification Self-assembly and forced assembly Combinatorial polymer-grafted surfaces Hierarchical dewetting and stabilization Nanocomposites & nanoporous media Nanofiller-induced physical gelation Controlled nanoparticle growth Adsorption phenomena & separations Nanoparticle assemblies Novel materials processing Cryomechanical alloying Polymerizations in scCO 2 Thin-film foaming in scCO organization 2 Electric field-induced material
2 m
m
Nanoscience Concentration @ NCSU’s CBE
For students who wish to develop expertise in the technology associated with
nanoelectronics
,
nanotechnology
, and
functional nanomaterials
In addition to the “core CHE courses”, the nanoscience concentration includes: Chemical Processing of Electronic Materials Colloid & Surface Science Polymeric Nanomaterials CHE/MSE 455 Polymer Technology and Engineering CHE 460: Nano-Electronic Materials CHE 461: CHE 462: CHE 465: CHE 467: MSE 355: Colloidal and Nanoscale Engineering Polymer Rheology CHE 596-006: Nanoscience CHE 596-008: Polymers at Interfaces and in Confined Geometries Electrical, Magnetic & Optical Properties of Materials MSE 460: PY 407: Polymer Sciences and Technology Fundamentals of Bio-Nanotechnology Microelectronic Materials Intro to Modern Physics
“There is plenty of room at the bottom”
“The principles of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom…… it is interesting that it would be, in principle possible for a physicist to synthesize any chemical substance that the chemist writes down. Give the orders, and physicist synthesizes it. How?
Put the atoms where the chemist says, and so you
make the substance” 1 m m
Meso-scale
“Top down” approach - Lithography Courtesy of the Archives, Caltech Richard Feynman Nobel Laureate Caltech, 1959 100 nm 10 nm 1 nm 1 Å “Bottom-up” approach - Chemical Synthesis Atomic/Subatomic scale
A.N. Shipway et al., Chemphyschem, 2001
History of a humankind in a more blunt perspective…
Historic Periods:
(1 day in our calendar 30 real years) Neolithic Bronze 9000BC 3200BC Iron (steel) 1200BC 1850 Silicon (semiconductors) 1950 Synthetic 1990 (polymers, superconductors,...) Jan 1 Jul 5 Sep 10 Dec 27 Dec 30 (10 AM) Dec 31 (4 PM) Humans appear on Earth about 230 days ago and live in caves until early May !
(I fear that some people still live there now…) Jan Feb Mar Apr Jul Oct May Aug Nov Jun Sep Dec
Nanotechnology: the last few minutes of December 31 st !
Some of the applications outlined there may be rather “far fetched”, but it’s okay… one never really knows… If you want to get more info about nanotechnology or even get inspiration about possible applications, check out this special issue of Scientific American
Before we start building these nanomachines or even start thinking about doing so, we have to learn about surfaces and surface patterns.
Let’s start then…
Promise of nanotechnology
(M. Roco, Senior NSF and government advisor)
• Knowledge base
better comprehension of nature, life
• A new world of products
Materials beyond what chemistry can do: $340B/y in 10 years for materials and processing Electronics in 10-15 years: $300B/y for semiconductor industry, times more for global integrated circuits ~ $1 trillion / year in 10-15 years Pharmaceuticals in 10-15 years: about half of production will depend on nanotechnology, affecting about $180 B/y Chemical plants in 10-15 years: nanostructured catalysts in petroleum and chemical processing, about $100B/y Aerospace: (about $70B/y in 10 years, estimation by industry group)
• Would require worldwide
~ 2 million nanotech workers
• Improved healthcare
extend life-span, its quality, human physical capabilities (~ $31B in tools for healthcare in 10 years)
• Sustainability
agriculture, water, energy (~$45B/y in 10 years), materials, environment; ex: lighting energy reduction ~ 10% or $100B/y Ref: Societal Implications of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Kluwer, 2001, pp. 3-4.
M.C. Roco, NSF, 05/23/02
Areas that already see (or could do so shortly) of commercial applications of nanotechnology
drug delivery solar energy (photovoltaic or direct hydrogen production) batteries display technologies and e-paper medical imaging technologies sensors (bio and chemical) bioanalysis tools bioseparation technologies printable electronic circuits alloys (e.g. steel or those used in prosthetics) abrasives; glues; lubricants; paints; fuels and explosives catalysts (many applications) coatings (extra hard or with novel properties) implants that encourage cell growth insulation (thermal and electrical) composites containing nanotubes (multi-walled) nanoparticle composites textiles and filters higher capacity hard drives new forms of computer memory single photon generators and detectors; new solid-state lasers optical and electro-optical components
NANOTECH: The Tiny Revolution 2001-2002 CMP Cientifica
Do “ChEM-ies” fit into the NANO-world?
Absolutely YES. Many new great opportunities exist for growth, development, and progress in traditional areas… + NANO! Traditional Chemical Engineering morphed into many new fields… And it pays off!
Graduates with B.S in Chemical Engineering (“universal engineers”) are the highest paid engineers in the US (starting $63K in 2012)