Transcript Introduction to Psychology

Multiple Intelligences
John Sandars
Medical Education Unit
[email protected]
History
Harvard Project on Human Potential - 1979
Questioned the notion of intelligence
Howard Gardner (1983) - Frames of Mind
“ We are not all the same, we do not all have the same
kinds of minds, and education works most effectively for
most individuals if. . .human differences are taken
seriously.”
“Intelligence is a biopsychological
potential to process information
that can be activated in a cultural
setting to solve problems or
create products that are of value
in a culture” (p34)
Gardner H (1999) Intelligence reframed: Multiple intelligences for the 21st century
New York: Basic Books
A CHART OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
http://expectumf.umf.maine.edu/
Do MI exist?
• Child prodigies /autistic savants
• Neurology –specific brain areas
• Evolutionary / Developmental psychology
Applying M I theory
Students who understand their own balance of
multiple intelligences can:
• Better manage their own learning
• Learn to value their individual strengths
Teachers who apply M.I. theory can:
• Provide more opportunities for students to cultivate
their talents and improve their weaknesses
• Engage students with course material in ways that
make sense to them
Multiple Intelligences
• Verbal-linguistic
• Logical-mathematical
• Musical- rhythmic
• Bodily-kinesthetic
• Visual-spatial
• Interpersonal
• Intrapersonal
………….Naturalist /Spiritual /Emotional
Multiple Intelligences
Verbal -linguistic
The ability to use language.
These people can argue,
persuade, entertain, or instruct
through the spoken or written
word.
Multiple Intelligences
Logical-mathematical
The ability to see the
intelligence of numbers and
logic, ability to handle chains
of reasoning and to
recognise patterns and
order.
These people think in terms
of cause and effect and can
create and test hypotheses.
Multiple Intelligences
Musical -rhythmic
Sensitivity to pitch, melody,
rhythm, and tone.
These people can sing in
tune, keep time to music
and listen to musical
selections with discernment
Multiple Intelligences
Bodily-kinesthetic
The ability to use the body
skillfully and handle objects
adroitly.
These are hands-on people
with good tactile sensitivity.
Multiple Intelligences
Visual -spatial
The ability to perceive the world
accurately and to recreate or
transform aspects of that world.
These people often have acute
sensitivity to visual details, can
draw their ideas graphically,
and can orient themselves
easily in 3-D space
Multiple Intelligences
Interpersonal
The ability to understand
people and relationships.
These people can perceive
and respond to moods,
temperaments, intentions,
and the desires of others.
Multiple Intelligences
Intrapersonal
The ability to access one's
emotional life as a means of
understanding oneself and others.
These people can easily access
their own feelings, discriminate
among different emotional states,
and use this to guide their own
lives.
What is YOUR Multiple
Intelligences profile?
Questionnaires - wwww.businessballs.com
Teaching Through Multiple
Intelligences
Providing multiple pathways to learning!
Today’s learners
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Digital
Connected
Experiential
Immediate
Social
> > Learning preferences
Teams, peer-to-peer
Engagement & experience
Visual & kinesthetic
Second year medical students
Multiple
Intelligence
(Learning
preferences)
Linguistic
Logical –
Mathematical
Musical
Sandars & Homer Autumn 2007
Number of
Percentage of
students
all students
scoring highest
scoring
on each
highest on
intelligence
each
(n=178)
intelligence
(n=178)
25
14.0
20
11.2
50
28.1
BodilyKinaesthetic
Spatial-Visual
Interpersonal
94
52.8
16
85
9.0
47.8
Intrapersonal
17
9.6
Learning with M I
Devise some learning tasks that use the
following intelligencies:
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–
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Verbal-linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Musical- rhythmic
Bodily-kinesthetic
Visual-spatial
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
Teaching Through Multiple
Intelligences
Using technology to enhance learning
Learning with M I
Devise some technology learning tasks that use
the following intelligencies:
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–
–
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Verbal-linguistic
Logical-mathematical
Musical- rhythmic
Bodily-kinesthetic
Visual-spatial
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
How can you use M I ?
Verbal-linguistic
Discussion (class or
• Blogs / Wikis
small group)
• Discussion Boards
Debate (material covered
in class)
• Instant Messaging
Writing Assignments
(stories or essays)
(Asynchronous/ Synchronous)
How can you use M I ?
Logicalmathematical
Patterns (notice
underlying patterns)
Graphs (pictorial
documentation of data)
Experiments and
Laboratories
• Projects
• Web quests
How can you use M I ?
Musical-rhythmic
Listening to Music
(beginning or during class)
Songs (relating to content that
increases material retention)
Composing (writing lyrics or
music)
• Podcasts
(listen / create)
• Digital stories /
You Tube projects
(soundtrack)
How can you use M I ?
Bodily-kinesthetic
• Podcasts
Role-Play (act out a
situation)
Construction (make
something)
• Digital stories
• Flickr /You Tube
projects
• Action mazes
How can you use M I ?
Visual-spatial
Diagrams
• Digital stories
Concept Mapping (links
learned material through
a visual aide)
Board/Card Games
Visual Arts (drawing,
painting, or collage)
• Flickr / You Tube
projects
• Action Mazes
How can you use M I ?
Interpersonal
• Blogs/Wikis
Group Work
• Web quests
Collaboration Projects
• Podcasts
Peer Tutoring
• Digital stories
Discussions
• Flickr/You Tube
proejects
How can you use M I ?
Intrapersonal
Journaling (reflection)
• Blogs /Wikis
• Podcasts
Keeping records of
activities, progress,
and learning
experiences
Relate world issues to
personal values
• Digital stories
• Flickr / You Tube
projects
Curriculum
Content
Personalised
Learning
Teaching and
Learning Strategies
Assessment for
Learning
Ninety-two students (60.9%) obtained grades A or B for the written
reflective learning assessment
BUT
Statistically significant higher linguistic and interpersonal
intelligence scores
(independent t-tests; t=2.39, df=149, p=0.018, and t=2.49, df=149, p=0.014)
Advantages of creative assignments
Creative assignments can engage students by using
their multiple intelligences to enhance their
understanding of the subject.
New approaches to standard material can help
prevent plagiarism.