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BRICKS Onthology approach
“Emergent Semantics”
F. S. Nucci
Roma, 6 Luglio 2004
Project Identity Card
• Project Acronym: BRICKS - Building Resources for
Integrated Cultural Knowledge Services
• Co-ordinator Organisation: Engineering
• Project instruments: Integrated Project
• Thematic area: Digital Libraries Services
• Duration: 42 months (important results from the
second year)
• Budget: 12,2 Mega Euro
European Collective Cultural Memory
• Great part of data related to cultural contents belong to the
public sector information: they must be part of the
European electronic marketplace.
• Moreover the European memory is trans-national, not
local based. All these data composed now the European
Cultural Memory, that is fully distributed wide European
countries.
• Let take an example: an Early Cycladic Art (c. 3200 –
2000 B.C.) was produced in ancient Greek fifty centuries
ago, but was used as inspiration by an Italian artist
(Modigliani) living in Paris, five millenniums later.
More examples...
Roman age archaeology is not
Italian, it is European
Gothic is not French or
Germany, it is European
All these are bridges to unify and windows to open to
unify and develop the European Digital Memory
Scenario
• During the last two millenniums the European People has
developed a lot of Cultural Objects (art-facts, piece of art,
paints, sculpture, archaeological sites, architecture site, and
so on)
• In the last century a lot of information and content on
Cultural heritage have been produced and stored in textual,
magnetic and electronic formats (movie, book, database,
libraries, ecc.)
• In the last decade many projects have been conducted,
delivering many services and SW to manage these data.
Now it is time to build a common platform to unify and
preserve the access to all these data.
Goal
... also an integration of services to develop a
sizeable integrated platform for
DIGITAL EUROPEAN MEMORY
• DEM is an open source architecture where
share knowledge and content
• DEM is reuse of other project results by modern
SW technologies
• DEM is interoperability, not just for Content, but
also for the services (with Web Services
approach)
Objectives
Mission: Design, develop and maintenance
a services oriented shared European Digital Memory
"Build an open
scalable
infrastructure
• Expandability
• Scalability
• Availability
• Graduality of
engagement
• Interoperability
“Develop the
right value
added services”
Value added Services to:
• Access to digital Culture
• Management of Culture
• Creation of Culture
• Editions of digital Text
"Use an effective
sustainability model"
• Aggregation of the open
community
• Sustainability plan
• Definition of the
organisational structure
Objectives
First objective (what we are building): an open, distributed
and safe infrastructure
Second objective (how we can use): four main examples
of using to demonstrate the value creation for the users
have been identified.
Third objective (who will pay): define the right business
model to sustain in the future
“Greek Temple” metaphor
• In order to illustrate these three areas and account for their
interrelationships, throughout this proposal the well-known
metaphor of the Greek temple will be used:
– the infrastructure area will be equated to the foundations
of the temple;
– the application services area will be equated to the
pillars of the temple;
– the sustainability area will be equated to the roof of the
temple.
“Greek Temple”
the sustainability area
the application services
the infrastructure area
The “bricks”
BRICKS
+ REVENUE
- COST
Test beds
• Four main application scenarios have been defined together
within the Bricks Constituency and user groups
– Access to Culture, reconstruction of Knowledge
– Management of Culture: Small and Medium Museums
– Creation of Culture: living memory
– Digital Texts: scriptorium
• Other pillars could be added using BRICKS standard
infrastructure in a “Plug and Play” way
Application scenarios
• Reconstruction of Knowledge
– Target users: Researchers and professionals, schools,
Cultural associations, University Professors, exhibit curators
– Application goal: Design a Pilot to integrate the access of
distributed knowledge on Digital Cultural Content
– Business Model: B2E
• Small and Medium Museums
– Application goal: to improve and distributed knowledge and
good practices on Museum and Culture Management
– Target users: Small and Medium Museums
– Business Model: B2B
Application scenarios
• Living Memory
– Application goal: to facilitate interaction between
users/visitors and Multimedia Art Objects in order to create
a living European memory
– Target users: general public, visitors of real and
virtual exhibitions; Business Model: B2C
• Scriptorium
– Application goal: Facilitate fruition and management of
Distributed Digital Texts
– Target users: Scientific professionals: Universities, Cultural
research centres, libraries and archives; Business model:
B2B
BRICKS and semantic web
• BRICKS infrastructure aims to be:
– Distributed with “Peer to Peer” approach
– Open to future aggregations with an Open source
philosophy
– interoperable for content and services (with a Web
Service approach)
• For all these reasons large attention will be dedicated to the
semantic web standard (as RDF(S), OWL), working in
collaboration with Minerva Project
Emergent Semantics
• BRICKS will use many onthologies to describe specific
Cultural Contents. In the same time BRICKS aims to manage
different agreements between different onthologies
• In this way will be possible to create co-operation areas.
These area will co-operate each others to share contents and
services.
• BRICKS sees global semantics as an evolutionary process,
emerging from local interactions and agreements in order
to overcome linguistic and ontological barriers and realise a
shared knowledge space.
Key words
• Semantic interoperability should be considered as an
incremental process, starting from local agreements.
• Peer-to-Peer paradigm is well suited to this approach,
because it can support the autonomy and flexibility
characteristic
• Onthology will be used in BRICKS also to define and to
describe SW services in order to make possible their
interoperability
Some conclusion
• Trough the Network of Excellence and the participation of
some BRICKS member CNR-ISTI, Athens University,
Florence University, FHG-IPSI), in them will be possible start
an exchange with the academic research word and with the
research centres in this field. For instance: .
– Collaboration with ICS-FORTH of Cretha (CIDOC)
– Collaboration with UKOLN -www.ukoln.org
• BRICKS member is also Losanna Polytechnic EPFL, quite
important for the definition of emergent semantic paradigm.