Transcript Seminar - Chemical Instrumentation Facility
LC/MS WORKSHOP
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY Kamel Harrata Instrument Description Data Acquisition Data Processing
WHAT IS MASS SPECTROMETRY?
Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that involves the study in the gas phase of ionized molecules with the aim of one or more of the following:
• • • • Structural characterization Gas phase reactivity study Qualitative and quantitative analysis of components in a mixture. Molecular weight determination
LC/MS and GC/MS Mass Spectrometers
GC/MS LC/MS Micromass GCT Inlet Direct Probe Flow Injection GC, LC Ion Source EI, CI APCI, ESI Agilent QTOF 6540 m/z Analyzer Q, QQQ EB, Ion Trap TOF, QTOF FT, Orbitrap Detector EM, PM Data System
Applications of Mass Spectrometry
• Pharmaceutical analysis • Biomolecule characterization Proteins and peptides Oligonucleotides • Environmental analysis Pesticides on foods Soil and groundwater contamination • Forensic analysis/clinical
TOF EQUATION
TIME OF FLIGHT SCAN
QTOF 6540 CAPABILITIES
MS and MS/MS Mass Accuracy of better than 3ppm Resolution (FWHM) 45,000 for mass 1000 Rapid switching between positive and negative ion modes
LC SYSTEM 4 reservoir bottles A1, A2, B1, B2 Binary Pump can handle up to 8000 psi UV detector LC Column housing Autosampler
ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION Desolvation + Coulomb Explosions
AGILENT ELECTROSPRAY ION SOURCE (POSITIVE MODE)
ELECTROSPRAY SPECTRUM OF MYOGLOBIN
RELATIVE APPLICABILITY OF LC/MS TECHNIQUES
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTROSPRAY
• Soft ionization • LC/MS interface with best sensitivity • Extends mass range for multiply charged analytes • Works with a wide range of moderate to high polarity compounds • Low maintenance
ELECTROSPRAY SOLUTION CHEMISTRY
Mobile phase pH has a major effect for analyte that are ions in solution - Basic pH (>7.0; 9 preferred) for negative ions - Acidic pH (<7.0; 5 preferred) for positive ions - Manipulation of pH can enhance performance for analytes that are not normally ionized in solution
QTOF 6540 ION PATH ELEMENTS
MASS SPECTROMETER TYPE: MASS ACCURACY • • • • • Quadrupole 200-300 ppm Linear Time of Flight 200 ppm Reflectron Time of Flight 25-50 ppm OR-Time of Flight 1-3 ppm Fourier Transform MS 0.1-1 ppm
MASS ACCURACY-DEVIATION IN PPM
EXACT MASS CALCULATION AND DEVIATION
HOW MUCH MASS ACCURACY IS NEEDED?
Elemental composition implication
TOF RESOLUTION
Resolution is the ability to distinguish between two mass peaks that are extremely close together Resolution = M / Peak Width (FWHM: full width at half maximum)
LC/MS OF SEMIX (10 UG/ML) 10 PPM
LC/ESI pos of : L-Selenocysteine (Peak#1); MethSeCy (#2); SeMethionine(#3); Etionine(#4) Agilent XDB C18, 1.8 um, 4.6mm ID, 150 mm L
L-Selenocysteine MW 168 MethylSelenoCysteine MW 182 SelenoMethinine MW196 MW 163
QUALITATIVE DATA PROCESSING MASS HUNTER QUAL SOFTWARE Open File Use default layout: Chromatogram, Mass Specta Process and print data Display mass spectrum Average few scans Background substraction Peak integration
POSITIVE ION MODE LC/ESI OF SEMIX
SELECTED IONS FROM SEMIX
ESI MASS SPECTRA OF SEMIX
LC/ESI OF SURFACTINE MIXTURES
14 DALTON DIFFERENCE BETWEEN COMPOUNDS
POSITIVE ION MODE APCI OF CAROTENOIDS m/z Positive ion mode LC/APCI is the method of choice for analyzing and quantifying Carotenoids