Transcript ecc_linux_workshop-intro-02 - Engineering Computing Center

ECC LINUX WORKSHOP
(INTRO COURSE)
WHAT WILL BE COVERED
1. UNIX/Linux Overview
2. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
3. How to Login
4. Password Reset
5. Applications
6. Command Line
7. Shell Commands and Create Text Files
8. File Permissions
9. Remote Access & File Transfer
10. Security & ECC Policies
UNIX OVERVIEW
UNIX was developed in 1969 at Bell Labs. Originally used as
a workbench for programmers to develop new software for
testing.
Main Functions of UNIX:
- High performance
- Resource Sharing
- Multi-User Access
- Programming and Software Development
FLAVORS OF UNIX
UNIX DISTRIBUTIONS
Open Source:
•
Linux, Minix, FreeBSD, OpenSolaris
Open & Closed Source:
• Android
Closed Source:
• MacOS X, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX
LINUX
•
Linus Torvalds developed
the Linux kernel in 1991.
•
Collaborated with the GNU
Project in 1992, to create the
first free operating system
for the public.
•
Many distributions of Linux
include Debian, Fedora,
Mandriva, SUSE, Slackware,
and Android
•
Most distributions are free
for use, some are NOT
ADVANTAGES OF A
LINUX OS
I.
Hardware/Software
• High Compatibility
• Resource Allocation/Sharing
• Flexibility
II.
Security
• Very few Viruses
• Encryption
• Dynamic Firewall
III. Choice
•
•
•
•
Complete Control
Open Source Software
Scripting and Automation
Experimentation
RED HAT ENTERPRISE
LINUX
• Enterprise level
operating system
• Trademark and
Support are NOT
free
• CentOS, Fedora
and Scientific
Linux are free
versions of RHEL
CENTOS 6
• http://www.centos.org/
• A free, community supported enterprise OS.
• Exact replica of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
ECC-UNIX ACCOUNT
•
ALL ENGINEERING STUDENTS, USING LINUX SYSTEMS OR
APPLICATIONS WILL NEED AN ECC-UNIX ACCOUNT
•
NEW USERS WILL NEED TO APPLY FOR ECC-UNIX
ACCOUNTS AT THE ECC LAB FRONT DESK
•
COUGAR ID CARD MUST BE PRESENT WHEN APPLYING FOR
AN ECC-UNIX ACCOUNT
•
ONLY ENGINEERING AFFILIATED STUDENTS AND FACULTY
ARE ALLOWED TO OPEN AN ECC-UNIX ACCOUNT
•
ANY NON ENGINEERING STUDENTS OR FACULTY MUST BE
SPONSORED TO OBTAIN AN ECC-UNIX ACCOUNT
•
ECC UNIX ACCOUNTS WILL NOW BE USING COUGARNET
PASSWORD AUTHENTICATION.
SWITCH TO COUGARNET
AUTHENTICATION
Starting Fall 2014
• COUGARNET ACCOUNT PASSWORDS WILL BE USED TO
LOGIN TO ALL ENGINEERING LINUX SYSTEMS
• NEW USERS WILL STILL NEED TO CREATE A ECC-UNIX
ACCOUNT USERNAME
• ALL ACCOUNT PASSWORDS WILL HAVE TO BE RESET BY
UofH CENTRAL IT.
HOW TO LOGIN
• OPEN X-WIN 32 FROM START MENU
• CONFIGURE X-WIN 32:
•
•
•
•
•
New Connection “Manual”
Choose ‘XDMCP’
‘General’ tab
Connection Name: tuxedo
XDMCP mode: Query
• HOST:
tuxedo.egr.uh.edu
• Hit ‘Save’
• Hit ‘Launch’

USE ECC UNIX/CougarNet ACCOUNT TO LOGIN
RESET PASSWORD
(ONLINE)
GO TO: http://www.uh.edu/infotech/
Click “Password Reset”
Enter security information
On CougarNet
Click “Reset”
NAGIVATE THE GUI
(GRAPHICAL USER
INTERFACE)
• Applications
•
• Accessories
• word processing
• System tools
• Command line (terminal)
Places
•
• Home folder
• Subdirectories
• Search for files
System
•
•
•
Preferences
Administration Utilities
System Documentation
APPLICATIONS
•
Firefox
• Web Browser
•
LibreOffice
• Open source version of Microsoft Word, Excel,
and PowerPoint
•
Terminal
• Command line shell prompt
• Faster than GUI
•
Text Editors
• EMACS
• Gedit
• VI/ VIM/ NANO (command line)
CLASS SOFTWARE
LOCATION
Location: /usr/local
Software: MATLAB,
Abacus, Fluent,
Cadence, Comsol, etc…
ACCESS THE COMMAND
LINE PROMPT
Applications  System tools 
Terminal
Fully text based command prompt
Shell prompt
[ username@<hostname>
<current working directory>] $
USING SIMPLE SHELL
COMMANDS
Navigation:
Copying, Moving, and Deleting
ls – list directory contents
cp – copy files and directories
ls –l
- view files and permissions
cp <file source> <file destination>
mv – move or rename file
pwd – print, current working directory
mv <file source> <file destination>
touch – make basic text files
touch <file name>
cd – change directory
mkdir – create a directory
cd <directory path>
mkdir <directory file path>
rm – delete a file (can be destructive)
Ex. (to go to user home directory)
[user]$ cd /home/user
or
cd ~
rm <file path>
rmdir – delete directory (empty directory)
rmdir <file path>
SHELL COMMANDS
(CONTINUED)
Search commands:
System commands:
find – search for files
top – show current processes that
are running
Find <sourse directory> -name <name of file or
directory> -print
Documentation:
man – manual pages
man <command or application>
Change File Permissions:
chown – change file owner and group
df –h: show the file system disk
space usage
w : show users currently logged on
to the system
uptime : show date, load average,
and # of users
uname –a : show current OS version
and computer hostname
chown owner:group <file path>
chgrp <groupname> <file path>
Network Statistics
Ifconfig : show IP address
information
netstat –rn : show IP routing
information
CREATE & EDITING TEXT
FILES
VIM
vim <edit file name or new file
create>
NANO
Nano <file>
EMACS
GUI text editor
FILE PERMISSIONS
drwxrwxrwx
First character:
d = directory (blue)
l = symbolic link (cyan)
‘-’ = a file (white)
rwx permissions:
R = read
W = write
X = execute
First set: owner
Second set: group
Third set: everyone
REMOTE ACCESS
SSH – Secure Shell client
•
A program used for “shell” access to a remote system.
• Login using UNIX/Linux terminal (shell), or through “PUTTY”
• Use ECC UNIX account info to login
• PUTTY (for Windows Users)
•
•
Free application
Allows shell logins from a windows desktop
REMOTE ACCESS (CONT)
SSH from PUTTY:
•
Open PUTTY app from Windows
•
Type the hostname or IP of destination
•
Port is always 22
•
Enter ECC-UNIX user ID, and password
•
If successful, user command prompt will be shown
SSH from another terminal (shell):
Type command: ssh <username>@<hostname>
FILE TRANSFER
WinSCP:
• Transfer files from Windows to
Linux and vice versa
• Download WinSCP from
“software download” section on
Access UH
• Login:
•
•
Open WinSCP program
Enter user credentials, click login
SECURTIY & ECC
POLICIES
ECC website
http://ecc.egr.uh.edu/engineeringcomputing-center-policies
ECC Usage Policy
http://ecc.egr.uh.edu/sites/ecc.egr.uh.e
du/files/files/cce_policy_computing.pdf
SECURITY
DO NOT, give anyone your password
DO NOT, let anyone use your ECC-UNIX account
All activity is being tracked and logged, including command
history.
Report any suspicious activity to anyone mentioned below.
Kiet Luong
Zain Marvi
Manjunatha Shenoy
Engineering IT Director /
Systems Administrator 1
Systems Administrator 2
Information Security Officer
Email:[email protected]
Email: [email protected]
Email: [email protected]