Transcript Institutional Arrangements under the Project

Institutional Arrangements under the
Project- Stakeholder Roles/ Project
Operations and Management
P.K. Kurian
Consultant, WB
World Water Availability- 2025
Water scarcity – quality and quantity
Should we wait till 2025 to experience this scenario?
Global Population touched 700 crores in 2012, taking 208
years to achieve 7 B from 1 B. But we still have the same
quantity of water we had 208 years ago.
1804
1927
1960
1975
1988
1999
2012
2027
2044
Which type of Project are you in?
Extensionist
Academic
Research / Teaching
Experimental
Preparatory
Implementational
Heuristic
Gather Information
Analytical
Hermeneutic
Interpretative
Theory
Adjustmental
RWH
Hospitalized
treatment
Transforming
Own Perennial water
source
State of Being Healthy
with no diseases
A conceptual understanding of RWSSP-LIS as an Input and Output Process at the GP Level
1 Elements outside the
system that have the
potential to affect all or
part of the system
WB
State
Govts
GoI
Society
Polity
Market
SWSM/
SPMU
SO
GP
2. Inputs.
Resources are taken or
received from the
external environment
Funds, HR, Information,
Technology and Demand
Articulations
Other PRIs/
GPs
Media
Feedback
GP
WSC
3 Rules
Institutional
Arrangements
WSS
Assets
Skills
Leadership
Water
supply
services
3 WSS- Output
The work of the
system exported
back into the
environment
Feedback
The processes of conversion or
transformation of resources with
in a system
A continuing source of information concerning the
relationship with the external environment used to
make the necessary changes inorder to survive and
grow into sustainability
Software
Hardware
Components under RWSSP-LIS
Ground Water
Recharge
Drinking Water Supply
70 LPCD
Construction of
Sanitary Latrines
Contingency
Emergency
Response
To enhance health,
empowerment of
communities and
development
Solid & Liquid
Waste
Management
IEC
Capacity Building
Project
Management
Infrastructure
Development
B1: New Investments.
B2: Rehabilitation /Augmentation of Schemes.
B3: Catchment Area Program.
B4: Water Quality Management.
B5: Household, Institutional and Envtal Sanitation.
B6: Infrastructure Support.
Project
Management
C1: Staffing and Consultancy Costs.
C2: Equipment and Miscellaneous costs.
S&H ?
Hardware
Capacity Building
A1- Capacity Building - MoDWS
A2- Capacity Building - State RWSS Sector Institutions &PRIs
A3- Information, Education and Communications (IEC)
A4- Sector Development Studies
A5- Good Practice Awards
A6- Monitoring, Evaluation, Governance & Accountability.
Software
Software
Components under RWSSP-LIS As per PAD
Contingency
Emergency
Response
?
Partnership
Primary/
Community
Intermediary/
SO/ GP/WSC/
MVWSC
Secondary / Strategic
SPMU/ DPMU
Tertiary
Apex/ Policy
GOI/States
People change: knowledge,
attitude, skills, behavior in relation
to water governance &
management
Intermediary agents – SO & GPs
change their roles, becoming
facilitation agents of change than
providers.
The Strategic link between the policy
makers and Primary and Intermediary
levels -devise ways and means to plan
and strategize changes relating to
processes, interactive communication
and building management systems.
Structural and thought process change
at the apex /policy making level -to
emerge on a sustainable, continuous
and permanent level- “Not spasmodic
development fits”
Fundamental Principles of LIS Project
• Community participation - CAPEX contribution/ Opex
contribution/ Demand articulation
• Demand responsiveness- Project responds to
community demand
• District-wide approach- Irrespective of the source
of funding same fundamental principles will be
followed in a district
• Water security for all-in terms of quantity, quality
and service level.
• Convergence of water and sanitation measurescon-jointed approach.
Institutional Arrangements For RWSSP-LIS
National
MoDWS /PSC/ NPMU/ TAG
DWSD/PHED/UP JN
State
SWSM/ SPMU/ WSSO
DWSM/ DWSC
District
DPMU/DPMC
ZP/ MVWSC
GP
Village
GPWSC/ VWSC
DPMC/SO
Policy guidance / Monitoring Capacity building/
Fin assistance
Planning, appraisal & approval of MVS /Tech support to
SHS/ SGS / Env. San
SWSM-Framing Sector policy guidelines, Issuing GOs
and directions / Overall Sector Monitoring /Sanctioning
annual
plans-Assistance in implementation and application of
SPMU- WSSO
reform principles / Overseeing technical, financial and social
audits / M&E, Capacity Building, Training, other Support
Activities
DWSM-Implementation of dist. Program, Select SOs
AS/TS of all SVS / Small MVS schemes/ Sanitation
Capacity building and IEC with support from WSSO
PHED/DWSC/ UPJN Engineers
Support, Design, Implementation & Monitoring
of RWSS Schemes
GP/ GPWSC - Design & Implementation of
SHS/ SGS / O&M of SHS/ SGS and intravillage MVS/ Guidance to GPWSC/Tariff
design and collection / IEC on sanitation/
hygiene
SO:
Community
Mobilization;
IEC;
Support design, & implementation of SVS
/ intra village schemes
Institutional and Implementation
Arrangements –National Level- MoDWS
MoDWS
Project Steering
Committee
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Secretary, MoDWS,
Principal Secretaries
of States -4
JS-Sanitation
JS -Water MS
Approve AAP- States
National Project
Management Unit
NPMU
Experts/ Specialists
• Technical,
• Institutional & Social,
• Environmental,
• Financial,
• Procurement
• M&E
Policy guidance to states.
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Policy guidance
Monitoring Project
Capacity building
Financial assistance
Technical
Advisory GroupTAG
• Independent review of Project
design implementation
• Guiding RWSSP-LIS states
• Developing capacity building
• Institutional strengthening
programs
State Level Institutional Arrangements
SLSSC/EC
RD
PRD
DoDW/S
PHED
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Policy guidance
Monitoring Project
Capacity building
Financial assistance
CCDU
SWSM
WSSO
State Project
Management Unit
SPMU
Experts/ Specialists
• Technical,
• Institutional & Social,
• Environmental,
• Financial,
• Procurement
• M&E
Strategic Project Management
Public Water
Utilities
• Collaboration with
WB supported
RWSSP
• Technical Support/
Guidance/
Leadership
EB/
PWD/
Telecom
• Other Public
Utilities having
a close and
direct bearing
on Rural Water
Supply Projects
State Project Management Unit
Specialists
Roles and Broad Tasks
Institutional
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Policies/ Sector Development
Operations of the Project.
Establish DPMUs with functions/ Functionaries and Funds
Inter-departmental coordination
Government Orders/ Notifications for the Project
Work with procurement in hiring SOs and DPMCs/
Capacity Building Social
& IEC
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Orientation on Roles/ Project as a whole for SPMU/DPMU
Identify Social and Technical TOT Institutions
Prepare Training Modules
Exposure Visits
IEC Plan- What about a Sujal Road Show in the Batch –I GPs/ Rock the GPs
Environmental
1.
2.
Pilot studies- All- GP Water Security Plan/ Environmental Assessment
Vetting of Environmental Plans
Financial
1.
2.
Financial Expenditure
Financial Flow Systems/ Accounting procedures/ Trg modules in finance & accounting
Procurement
1.
2.
3.
4.
Hire SOs/ DPMCs
Procurement Plan for 2 years
Get Trained in Procurement Guidelines
Visualize what procurement methods are going to be used in the Project
Monitoring
1.
2.
3.
4.
Finalize Baselines
Develop into Hindi/Assamese
Get provisional arrangements for entering baseline data (Excel)
Develop formats for reporting – GP To DPMU to SPMU to NPMU/WB for Pre-planning/ Planning/
Implementation and O&M
Technical
1.
2.
Build bridges with JN/PHED/DDWS
SVS-SHS/MVS-DPRs
All
1.
Pilot a few villages- Direct intervention/ Planning for learning.
District level Institutional Arrangements
DWSM
ZP/ DC
DWSC
District Project
Management
Consultant-
DPMC
Support
Organizations
District Project
Management Unit
DPMU
Experts/ Specialists
• Technical,
• Institutional & Social,
• Environmental,
• Financial,
• Procurement
• M&E
• Strategic Project
Management
Public Water
Utilities
•Collaboration with
WB supported
RWSSP
•Technical Support/
Guidance/
Leadership
EB/ PWD/
Telecom
•Other Public
Utilities having a
close and direct
bearing on Rural
Water Supply
Projects
Local Level Institutional Arrangements
Support
Organizations
Zilla Parishad
MVWSC
Gram Panchayat
GPWSC
Gram Sabha
HH
HH
Institutions
HH
Some Thoughts on Project
Management
Three Types of People- Choose your
type
•B Blockers
•F Floaters
•M Movers
My Professional / Technocrat Heroes/ Get Inspired
• V. Kurian
MILK
Who
• E. Sreedharan
METRO
are
• Sam Pithroda
TELECOM
your
• JRD TATA
Business
heroes
• AKITO Morito
SONY
• Narayana Murthy IT/Solutions
?
• APJ Abdul Kalam Missiles/Rockets
• T.K. Jose
Kudumbasree –Largest PAP
• V. J. Kurian
Cochin Air Port- PPP
Managerial GRID /Skills
CONCEPTUAL
HUMAN
TECHNICAL
TOP MGMT
MIDDLE MGMT
SUPERVISION
IDEAS
PEOPLE
Materials/Things
Managerial Functions of PC
• CONCEPTUAL
• Demand Driven Project/
• Should water be priced – Should you have right
to water or should you have access to water?
• Water -Sanitation and Health
• Community Mobilisation and Management
• Participation
• Decentralization and development
Managerial Functions
Human Skills-Dealing with people
GPM/ GPS/ GPP/ GPWSC/ MVWSC/ DPMU/ SPMU
Communication with People/Listening
Public Speaking
Behavioural competency / Personal conduct
Morals/ Beliefs /Values
Attitude & Willingness
Self Confidence
Learning individual
Interpersonal Skills for Managers
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How to conduct oneself in the group
Listening mode / Sharing information
Resolving conflicts
Lead team members as a group
Democratic decision making
Give feedbacks- positive and negative
Creating an atmosphere of trust and
confidence
Interpersonal Skills for Managers- Contd


Praise the Team / Reward the Team
Rebuke / Correct in person (Akito Morito- If it is good, tell
others, If it is bad, tell me only)

Use Plural Pronouns
I decided
We decided
 I can do this
We can do this
 I will think over
We shall discuss & decide
Enable Failures- It is not a crime to fail. How do we treat a failureuse failure as a learning opportunity
Allow the group to take decisions
Team Leader/ Manager is best when he is a facilitator of decisions
Delegate authority to others
Triangulate – cross check- people/ places/ events/ process

Managerial Skills- Technical
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Water Literacy/ Hydrological Cycle
Watershed / water – land- biomass relationship
Water Quality and Health
Water Resources Inventory
water- quality- quantity- Rainfall- climate in your area.
Plan Project against need and resource availability
AS-TS Process
Implementation – Allocation of resources, men and materials,
Time aspects of implementation, Action plan
• Project closure- Engineering valuation
• GWR structures suitable to your area/ Convergence
• Environmental sanitation
Project Management Skills -1
Learn how to prepare Work
Breakdown Structure
Jalanidhi- WBS
Water SS
Sanitation
Supply line installation
Sanitation CAP and
Mapping of Sanitation hot
spots
Construction of pump
house
Problems and hotspots
identified
Source development
Construction of OHT
Energisation
Community and Domestic
sanitation needs
Pump Selection/
Installation
Technical solutions
drafted
Testing and
commissioning
GP level vetting
workshop
Handholding
Institutional formation and
linkage
GWR
GPS/
Training/ IEC
Convergence Plan with MGNREGS
Participatory Transect /
identification of needs works/
Interventions
Preparation of Technical Plan
Categorise unskilled work/ skilled
work/ machine work/ materials
Budget – NREGS and Jalanidhi
Design of intervention
CAP
Convergence meetings
Community contracting/ Campaigns
Implementation of GWR measures
Major activity
Action Planning- PMS-2
Sub activity
Start date
End date
Purpose of Activity
Responsibility
Inputs &Resources required
Risks anticipated
Risk mitigation
Major
activity
Sub
Activity
Start
date
End
date
Purpose of
activity
Results
expected
Responsi
bility
Inputs and
resources
required
Risks
anticip
ated
Measures to
overcome
risks
Concern for People
Styles of Management- PMS-3
Country Club Management
Low concern for production &
high concern for people. Care
and concern for the people, with
a comfortable and friendly
environment and collegial style.
But a low focus on task may
give questionable results.
Team Management
High concern for people and
production. Firing on all
cylinders: people are committed
to task and leader is committed
to people (as well as task).
Middle of the road
Management
A weak balance of focus on
both people and the work.
Doing enough to get things
done, but not pushing the
boundaries of what may be
possible.
Impoverished Management
Low concern for people &
production- stay out of trouble.
Minimum effort to get work
done. Basically lazy approach
that avoids as much work as
possible
Authority- Compliance
Produce or perish. High
concern for production and
low concern for people. Strong
focus on task, but with little concern for
people. Focus on efficiency, including the
elimination of people wherever possible
Concern for Production
Conflict Resolution- PMS-4
Motivation to resolve Conflicts
HIGH
Compete
Collaborate
Win/Lose
Win/ Win
Go all out to win and concern for
objectives only
Work towards mutual problem
solving- recognize goals of both
parties
Compromise
Settle for Half the Loaf
Avoid
Accommodate
Lose/ Lose
Lose / Win
Deny / Suppress or Put aside
the problems/ Push under
the carpet.
Yield or subordinate one’s own
concern to those of the other
party
TRUST
LOW
HIG
Beware of These Three
Mis. Procurement
Mis. Appropriation
Mis. Management
THANK YOU