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China Debate Education Network Introduction to British Parliamentary Debate 英国议会制辩论简介 翻译：曾庆熹 Introduction to BP Debate 英国议会制辩论简介 • Procedures of BP Debate BP辩论的比赛程序 • BP debate format BP辩论赛制 Procedure for Each Debate 每场辩论的比赛程序 The Draw 对阵抽签 Motion For Debate Preparation time Timing 计时规则 辩题 准备时间 The Draw对阵抽签 正方上院 反方上院 正方下院 反方下院 裁判 赛场 1st Gov 1st Opp 2nd Gov 2nd Opp Judge Room Fudan A Peking B GU A GNU B Logan Yang Ge GNU A GU B Peking A GUFE B Li Yong 202 Huang Tingting GUFE A SCUN A SCUN B Fudan B Chen Ying He Jing 注：这一过程通常由计算机自动完成，无需辩手人工抽签。 201 203 Motion For Debate • A motion is a statement provided by the Tournament Director that will become the subject of the debate. A motion is sometimes called a debate topic, a resolution, or a proposition. • Examples – PRC should create wireless cities. – Israel should change its policies toward Palestinians – Mohandas Gandhi was one of the world’s greatest leaders 辩题 • 辩题是一个命题，由大赛总监指定，是一 场辩论的对象，又常被称为“解决方案” 或者“提议”。 • 举例 – 中国应当建设无线城市 – 以色列应改变其针对巴勒斯坦人的政策 – 莫汉达·甘地是世界上最伟大的领袖之一 Preparation Time • Each team has 15 – 30 minutes to prepare (depending on the tournament) after the announcement of the motion. • Teams can consult printed materials but may not use the internet or computers. • Teams cannot prepare with one another. • Teams cannot receive assistance from their teacher or coach. 准备时间 • 在发布辩题后，每个队都有15-30分钟（具 体取决于大赛的规定）准备时间。 • 辩手可以参考书面印刷材料，但禁止使用 互联网或电脑。 • 禁止参赛队之间互相讨论准备。 • 禁止参赛队接受老师或教练等他人的指导 帮助。 Timing 计时 7 minutes for each speech 每次发言七分钟 Protected Time: First and last minute 保护时间：首尾一分钟 A single knock on table or sounding of a bell announces protected time一声铃响或敲桌为保护时间开始和结束的信号 double knock or bell signals the end of your speech.双击 铃响为发言时间到的信号 Your speeches will be timed by a timekeeper or by the judge由计时员或裁判计时 BP Debate Format BP辩论赛制 • Four Teams and Eight Speakers 四支队，八位辩手 • Speaker Roles and Responsibilities 辩手角色与职责 The Four Teams and Eight Speakers 四队八人 正方首相 Upper House上院 反方领袖 1st Government Prime Minister 1st Opposition Leader of Opposition Deputy Prime Minister副首相 Deputy Leader of Opposition副领袖 正方阁员 2nd Government Member of Government Government Whip正方党鞭 Lower House下院 反方阁员 2nd Opposition Member of Opposition Opposition Whip反方党鞭 Points of Information POI --- Point of Information Who --- a member of an opposing team; What --- comments, statement, question…; How to offer --- by rising and extending hand or by saying “on that point, Sir/Madam” NO POI --- protected time (the first and the last minute); Time --- 15 seconds or less 信息点（质询） POI --- 信息点（质询） 谁来质询 --- 陈词者对方的任一辩手; 质询内容 --- 评论, 陈述, 提问…; 怎么质询 --- 举手示意 或者说 “质询” 禁止质询 --- 保护时间(陈词者发言时间的首尾各一分钟); 质询时长 --- 不超过15秒 Speaker Roles and Responsibilities 辩手角色与职责 1st Speaker -- Prime Minister --- Defines and interprets the motion Define ambiguous terms and Interpret the motion to make it clear and debatable --- Develops a case for the proposition in support of the motion --- Case should consist of one or more arguments supporting the PM’s interpretation of the motion --- Case must be prima facie—strong enough to be accepted on “its first face.” Upper House 上院 第一发言者——首相 ---定义和阐释辩题 定义那些模棱两可的概念。对辩题 进行阐释，使它清晰和可辨。 ---构建一套正方立论体系以支撑辩题 --- 这个体系由一个或多个论点组成， 用以支撑首相对辩题的阐释。 --- 这个体系应当是“初步论证成立” 的——它给人的“第一印象”是具有一 定可信度的。 Upper House 上院 2nd Speaker: Leader of Opposition 第二发言者——反方领袖 -- Refutes the case of the Government反驳正方立论 -- Constructs one or more arguments against the Prime Minister’s interpretation of the motion.建构一个或多个反方论点 Upper House 上院 3rd Speaker -- Deputy Prime Minister 第三发言者——副首相 -- Refutes the arguments of the First Opposition反驳反方论点 -- Rebuilds the case of the First Government优化重组正方立论 -- Adds one or more new arguments to the case of the First Government 可以为本方立论增加新论点 Upper House 上院 4th Speaker – Deputy Leader of Opposition 第四发言者——反方副领袖 --Continues refutation of the case of the 1st Government with emphasis on any new arguments introduced by the DPM继续反驳正方立论，特别是副首 相引入的新论点。 -- Rebuilds arguments of the 1st Opposition.优化重组反方领袖的论 点。 -- Adds new arguments to the case of the 1st Opposition.可以为本方立论增 加新论点。 Upper House 上院 5th Speaker – Member of Government 第五发言者——正方阁员 --Defends the general direction and case of the 1st Government大方向上防御正上的立 论 -- Continues refutation of 1st opposition继续 反驳对方 -- Develops a new argument that is different Lower House from but consitent with the case of the 1st 下院 Government (frequently called an extension) 建立一些与正上立论方向一致但有区别的 的新论点（常被称为“扩展”） 6th Speaker – Member of Opposition 第六发言者——反方阁员 -- Very briefly defends the direction taken by the 1st Opposition非常简要地防御反上的立论 -- Very briefly continues general refutation of the 1st Government case非常简要地继续反驳 正方上院立论 -- Provides more specific refutation of the the MG extension.具体性反驳正方阁员 -- Develops an opposition extension.建立反 方扩展。 Lower House 下院 7th Speaker – Government Whip 第七发言者——正方党鞭 -- Summarizes the entire debate from the point of view of the Government从正方立场 角度总结全场 -- Defends the general view point of both Government teams with a special eye toward the case of the 2nd Government.总体 上防御正方整体立论，聚焦突出正下论点 -- Does not provide new arguments.禁止增 加新论点 Lower House 下院 8th Speaker – Opposition Whip 第八发言者——反方党鞭 -- Summarizes the entire debate from the point of view of the opposition从反方立场角度总结 全场 -- Defends the general view point of both Opposition teams with a special eye toward the arguments of the Second Opposition team.总体 Lower House 上防御反方整体立论，聚焦突出反下论点 下院 -- Does not provide new arguments.禁止增加新 论点