Transcript File
Chapter 5 Section 1
Come from many different countries
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50 ethnic groups make up the population
2/3 of Canadians have European ancestry
40% have British roots
27% share a French heritage
Germany, Italy, Ukraine, Africa, Asia
What is a first nation?
◦ First Nations – descendants of those first settlers
from Asia.
Cree, Micmac, Abenaki (Abe-na-ki), Ojibwa (O-jib-wa)
People have lived in North America for
12,000 years
◦ Oceans were 300 feet lower than today
Allowed people to settle in North and South America
Bering Strait
1600’s European immigrants came to settle in
Canada
Britain and France established colonies in Canada
similar to the United States
◦ France and Britain long history of conflict continued
here.
◦ 1754 – 1763 French and Indian War
◦ Great Britain won, but the French stayed creating
disputes
Early immigrants were English, Scottish, Irish,
French
◦ WW1 – Italy, Poland, Ukraine
◦ WW2 – Germans, Dutch
◦ 1960’s – Africa, Latin America, Asia, the Pacific Islands
1791 – Great Britain created two areas
◦ Upper Canada (Ontario) – British
◦ Lower Canada (Quebec) - French
1867 – United as Dominion of Canada
◦ Nova Scotia and New Brunswick added
1869 – Manitoba, Alberta, and Saskatchewan
added
1871 – British Columbia added (now reached
the Pacific Ocean
Multiculturalism – an acceptance of many
cultures instead of just one.
Canadian citizens have kept their separate
languages and identities (French and British)
◦ Official policy of multiculturalism
Similar rights and responsibilities as we do
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Obey Canada’s laws
Option of voting
Participate in political system
Freedom of religion, speech, assembly
Land area second to Russia
Population is 31 million
◦ US population 316.1 million (2013)
¾ of population live in cities and towns of
Southern Canada.
Canadians live on farms, and in cities
Northern regions are rugged and cold
◦ Few live here
British Columbia is “Gateway to the Pacific”
Chinese from Hong Kong immigrated at the
end of the 20th Century
Recently refugees from Vietnam, Laos,
Cambodia arrived
Refugees – people who flee a country because
of war, disaster, or persecution
1/12 of Canada’s population
¼ of the immigrant population
70,000 + immigrants arrive each year
40% + population is foreign born (born
elsewhere)
10% arrived after 1991 (23 years ago)
Toronto is center of industry and
international trade.