ECE 497 Capstone Design

Purpose of the System

• The purpose is to create a scanning system to determine the location and size of metal fragments in a medium density fiber panel.

Background Information

• As part of its many scientific efforts, the Weapons Integration and Development Directorate (WDI) of the US Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) performs a variety of explosive and warhead research and development activities. When testing explosive charges, a typical method of recording fragmentation parameters uses stacks of fiber panels (bundles) placed around the charge. Upon detonation, fragments embed themselves in the bundles at various depths and orientation. The bundles are then disassembled layer by layer. Each layer is then searched by hand for fragments with a rare earth magnet. The X/Y position of the fragment is then measured and recorded, and the fragment is removed from the bundle, identified, bagged, and tagged. The fragments are later cleaned and weighed. The sheet from which the fragment was removed is used as a measurement of depth of penetration. The key measurement criteria are: position, depth, and mass of the fragment. The process takes many hours of repetitive labor that could potentially be automated.

Project Description

• The Army is looking for a device or method for quickly producing the required output data. The top surface of the sheet will not be completely smooth, as fragments and spalling will interrupt the flat surface. The fragments may be highly irregular (non-spherical), and they may or may not be securely embedded. Some may be loose and can fall out easily. There may be as many as 96 sheets in a bundle, and at any one time only 3 can be lifted together. Data derived from the analysis of the fragments should be in a spreadsheet format, with the fragment designation, count, sheet number, location, and size/weight. Fragments are typically steel, but some tests use titanium or aluminum. It would be beneficial to be able to locate and identify these metals as well. The desired threshold parameters are described below.

• • •

Parameters

-X/Y resolution of .5” -Minimum fragment weight of .25g

-Maximum time per person per sheet of 15min.

• The scanner can be developed as a purely hardware solution or hardware/software solution. Fragment testing is performed in remote areas in the firing range for personnel safety. So, mobility is required for the scanning system. The system must be hosted on a portable device (tablet, laptop, etc.). Windows and Android operating systems are allowable for software development. No Apple operating systems or products are allowed. No Bluetooth connectivity is allowed. WiFi can be used, but fragmentation tests are normally performed in areas of weak reception, or areas with blackout restrictions on transmissions. USB thumb drives are not permitted per US Army security regulations. Data can be migrated between the system and any US Army data networks for additional analysis. Acceptable data migration techniques are: optical storage (CD, DVD, etc.), SATA, e SATA, or Firewire. USB external drives can be used to backup data only.

Scanning Systems

• • • • Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) Industrial Radiography Ultrasonics XRay

Ground Penetrating Radar

GPR Scans

What is Ground Penetrating Radar?

• • GPR is a non-destructive imaging method that uses radar pulses to image the subsurface.

The radar pulses used are in the microwave band of the radio specutrum.

How does GPR work?

• GPR works very similar to a metal detector. The GPR system sends out thousands of frequencies in to the ground. The frequencies that return to the antennae correlate to differing material compositions in the subsurface.

Industrial Radiography

Describing Industrial Radiography

• Industrial Radiography is also a non-destructive detection method which utilizes X-rays and gamma rays to view material s

How Industrial Radiography Works

• Similar to medical radiography, Industrial radiography uses an X-ray source to bombard a sample with high energy radiation onto a film or a digital detector. This creates a 2D image of the different materials in the sample.