Transcript Chapter 20 and 21

UNIT 6: Sex Education,
Human Reproduction, and
STDs
Mean Girls Video Clip
Fresh Prince Video Clip
Reproduction Health
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Maintaining good reproductive health is important to your total
health. WHY?
Lance Armstrong—finding a lump on his testicle. Luckily he
found it soon enough to treat it before it spread too much.
MALES
• Preventing STDS
• Preventing Infertility
• Regular Medical Check-Ups
• Preventing Trauma
• Preventing Jock Itch
• Preventing Hernias
FEMALES
• Preventing STDS
• Preventing Infertility
• Regular Medical Check-Ups
• Preventing Vaginal Irritation
• For women, a regular menstrual
cycle is a good sing of
reproductive health.
Infertility Link
https://health.google.com/health/ref/Infertility
Detecting Testicular Cancer
• Most common cancer between males
ages 15 to 35.
• Contact doctor if there are any
troublesome signs.
Detecting Breast Cancer
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Breast cancer is leading cause of cancer death in women ages 20 to 59.
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A clinical breast exam should be part of a periodic health exam. Women
in their 20s and 30s should schedule such checkups about once every
three years, and women 40 and older should get such an exam every
year.
Male Reproductive System
• Produces sperm to deliver to the female
reproductive system
• SPERM: sex cells that are produced by the male
reproductive system called the testes, and are
needed to fertilize an egg
• PENIS: removes urine and delivers sperm to
female R.S.; during sexual activity blood vessels
fill and cause it to become erect
• SEMEN: released from epididymis during
ejaculation when sperm and other secretions are
released from the penis
Male Reproductive System
• Made of internal and external organs
• TESTES: makes sperm and Testosterone (sex
hormone, also causes facial hair, body odor and
voice to deepen)
• Produce several hundred million sperm each
day
• SCROTUM: skin covered sac that hangs from
the body to keep sperm cooler since they can
not properly develop at higher temperatures of
inner body
Female Reproductive System
• EGGS or OVA: sex cells that are produced
by female reproductive system called the
ovaries
• FERTILIZATION: process by which a sperm
and egg and their genetic material join to
create a new human life
• FALLOPIAN TUBES: Female reproductive
organ that transports an egg to the uterus;
sperm fertilizes the egg here
Female Reproductive System
• Function of female reproductive system is
to make eggs and to provide a place to
support and nourish a developing human
• Internal and external organs
• Breasts are not directly involved in
producing human life but are considered
secondary reproductive organs because
they produce milk for the child
Female Reproductive System
VAGINA: connects outside of body to the uterus and
receives the sperm during reproduction; allows
menstrual flow to exit body; also the birth canal through
which baby is delivered
OVARIES: produces egg and estrogen and progesterone.
Eggs are there when the female is born.
ESTROGEN: hormone that causes pubic and underarm
hair growth, strengthens bones, regulate monthly release
of an egg and prepare body for pregnancy
UTERUS: A muscular cavity located at the top of the
vagina and between the bladder and rectum; a place to
support a developing human
ENDOMETRIUM: thin lining in the uterus; shed monthly in
response to the hormonal changes of the menstrual
period
How the Menstrual Cycle Works
• Monthly cycle of hormone-controlled
changes that usually lasts 28-35 days
• Matures an egg and prepares the uterus
for pregnancy
• Endometrium grows rich and thick to
prepare uterus for the fertilized egg.
• If pregnancy does not occur, the uterus
must get rid of this lining so that it can
grow a new one in the next cycle.
How the Menstrual Cycle Works
The menstrual flow thus consists of:
1. the shed uterine lining
2. blood (this comes from the blood vessels
which are torn when the lining is shed)
3. the degenerated unfertilized egg
Occurs approximately 500 times (once per month) until
women reach menopause between ages 50 and 55.
What do you consider as sex?
• Intercourse
Vaginal
Anal
• Oral—still not considered “safe” because it is associated
with the same diseases as vaginal or anal sex
• Foreplay
Anal/Oral will protect
you from getting
pregnant, but that is it!
What can happen if you have
sex?
Pregnancy
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• Emotional Issues
• STD’s
STD’s
• STD’s: Infections usually transmitted through
sexual intercourse or other intimate sexual
contact; can be curable (bacteria) or incurable
(virus)
 It is possible to have more than 1 STD at a time.
 1 out of every 4 sexually active teens has an STD
- Chlamydia: (bacterial) most popular STD in United States
- Gonorrhea: (bacterial)
- Genital Warts (HPV)
- Herpes: (Virus)
- HIV/AIDS (Virus)
- Syphilis
- Crabs (pubic lice)
- Hepatitis
Bacterial Disease vs. Virus
• Bacterial diseases such as gonorrhea and
Chlamydia can be easily treated using
antibiotic and are curable. However, they
can be re-acquired.
• Viruses (AIDS & Herpes) may be treated
but can not be cured! They will stay with
you the rest of your life!
Symptoms of somebody who has an
STD…
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NONE
Painful Urination
Warts/Blisters
Abdominal Pains
Rash
Genital/Oral/Anal Ulcers
Foul Smelling Discharge
Bleeding during sex
You can’t tell if somebody has an STD based on
the way they look. They may look completely
normal.
Gonorrhea
Herpes
Syphilis
Pubic Lice
What does somebody with HIV look like?
Just like anybody else!!
Getting Tested
Sex usually takes place where?
How do you know if somebody has an STD?
Males vs. Females
HIV
(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
• First recognized in the 1980s in a number of gay, white,
men in California. Thought to have originated from the
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) that affects
monkeys.
• Attacks the human immune system
• HIV is virus that causes AIDS
• People with HIV usually develop AIDS within first 10
years of getting HIV
• There is NO cure, only treatment to slow HIV down.
• Transmitted 3 Ways…
1. Sexual Activity
2. Needles
3. Infected mothers giving birth
You Cannot get AIDS from…
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Hugging
Kissing
Shaking Hands
Toilet Seats
Coughing
Sneezing
Drinking fountains
Mosquitoes
Abstinence
• Abstinence- the decision to not have ANY sexual
intercourse
• It is the only 100% effective method in
preventing HIV, STD’s, and pregnancy
• The surest way to avoid transmission of
sexually transmitted diseases is to abstain
from sexual intercourse, or to be in a longterm mutually monogamous relationship with
a partner who has been tested and is known
to be uninfected.
• Latex condoms, when used consistently and
correctly, can reduce the risk of transmission
of STDs.