The poultry industry
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Transcript The poultry industry
Terms
Structure
of the Industry
Production Factors
Egg production and facts
Young
Female= Chick or Pullet
Mature Female= Hen
Young Intact Male= Chick or Cockeral
Mature Intact Male= Rooster
Young Castrated Male= Capon
Newborns=
chicks
Act of giving birth= no live birth!
Meat chicken= broiler
Egg
Production
Broiler Production
Raising Replacement Pullets
Laying
Hens
Confined in cages or floor pen system
Cleaning, grading, and packaging eggs
occurs on farm
After production cycle, hens are sold
for meat
Floor
system- gather 3 times a day
Caged system- automatic egg gatherer
Rhode Island Red, Leghorns
5-7
eggs per week
Keep
hens up to 5 yrs.
Best production in first 2 years
Increase light duration and intensity
for onset of egg laying
Wash
eggs
Must be clean!
Dry Cleaning vs. Egg Washing
Machine
Maintain quality by
Keep cool
Keep humid
65 Degrees F
Store separately
They absorb odors!
Do
you need a rooster for a hen to lay
eggs?
Nope!!! Chicks are fertilized eggs
How
are eggs fertilized?
Internally before they are laid
Takes 7-10 days for sperm to travel to
ovary
Lay fertile eggs for about 6-10 days
How
many eggs does the average
American consume per year????
256 eggs/year
1945 average of 403 eggs/year…Why?
Cholesterol
Eating Habits-Breakfast anyone????
Convenience Food
Two
Eggs Supply
7% of Calories (75 calories per egg)
28% Protein
22% Phosphorus
10% Iron
39% Riboflavin
50% Vitamin B12
79% Vitamin A
213 mg of Cholesterol
Raising
chickens for meat
High quality rations fed to secure rapid
efficienty gains
Weight Gain
Feed Conversion
Breast Meat Yield
Carcass Conformation
Chick Viability
Disease Resistance
Grow
in 7-9 weeks
Slaughtered at 4 lbs.
Feed Conversion 1.5:1
Require 1 square foot
Raising chicks for egg production or broiler production
High
feed efficiency
Fast return on investment
Low land requirements
Mechanized operation
Disease
and parasites
Initial capital investment is high
Limitations of zoning
Death losses from predators and
stampede
Waste disposal and odor
#
of farms with laying hens decreased
#
of chickens raised per farm increased
Eggs-
Slight decline in popularity
Cholesterol concerns
Chicken
Meat– Major increase in popularity
Perceived to have less cholesterol than beef/pork
Leading States
Laying Hens & Egg Production
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8zbkkkn_P
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Chick Production
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aJ7rrHYmF
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Broiler Production
Trims peak
Machine with
foot pedal
Feeding dish for baby
chicks
Feeding dish for older chicks
Weighs and classifies eggs
Identification tool
Circular, numbered
bands
Watering dish
Watering device
Minimizes waste
Layered chicken cages