Transcript PTS presentation BEREC RSPG Joint event

Efficient spectrum awards and use
Joakim Persson, PTS, Sweden
Swedish Post and Telecom Authority
Mobile coverage - population and area
Handheld
outdoor
Pop
Voice
>99,9%
84%
1 MBps
99%
39%
10 MBps
98%
42%
30 MBps
61%
2%
Area
All operators
handheld
outdoor
Source: PTS, Operator coverage maps,
European Commission, Digital Agenda Scoreboard 2014
Mobile internet access and mobile
broadband penetration
Source: GSMA Intelligence 2013, European Commission, Digital Agenda
Scoreboard 2014
Early years
• 1G
• 1980s, analogue
• Niche market, McKinsey: ”900 000 subscribers in US 2000”
• Televerket (now TeliaSonera) incumbent government de-facto
monopolist, spectrum management, ”only market space for one
operator”
• Tele2 establishes NMT900
• 2G
•
•
•
•
GSM 1990s, digital, pan-European harmonised de-facto standard
PTS established and takes over spectrum management from Telia
Telia + Tele2: ”only market space for two operators”
Europolitan (later Vodafone, Telenor) establishes 3rd GSM-network
Later years
• 3G
• Sweden in EU 1994, new legal framework
• UMTS 2000, ”broadband”
• Beauty contest 2000, 4 licences (Tele2, Europolitan, HI3G, Orange)
• ”100%” population coverage = 8 860 000 people => Large number of sites
• Network sharing: SUNAB (Telia+Tele2), 3GIS (Europolitan+HI3G)
• National roaming HI3G in Europolitan/Vodafone GSM
• Orange returns license, spectrum divided among the other three
• Other beauty contests for 4th GSM license, FWA etc.
• New Electronic Communications Act 2003 enables auctions
• 450 MHz auction 2005, CDMA2000
• HSPA 2007 ”real” broadband met real demand
Today
• 4G
• Digital dividend – refarming of 800 MHz broadcasting spectrum
• A number of auctions 2007-2011 for 4G (LTE/WiMax), fixed linkspectrum/backhaul
• Re-assignment / prolongation / refarming of GSM-bands for
UMTS/LTE etc.
• World’s first LTE-networks in Sweden and Norway by TeliaSonera
2009
• Large scale spectrum trading:
• Tele2 & Telenor pools 2G/4G spectrum in Net4Mobility JV (800 MHz,
900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2.6 GHz)
• 2.6 GHz 50 MHz TDD, Intel => HI3G
Band
Year
Format
Blocks
Cap
Minimum
bid
Participants
Winners
Winning
bids
(MSEK)
System/
Consultants
450 MHz
2005
Single
round
sealed bid
first price
1 block x 2
x 1.8 MHz
FDD
1 license
1 SEK
5
1, Nordisk
Mobil
Telefoni AB
86 MSEK
3.6-3.8
GHz
2007
Simultaneous
multi round
ascending
with
switching
290 regions
(municipal)
x 4 blocks x
40 MHz
(2 FDD & 2
TDD/
region)
1 40MHzblock per
region
0.005 SEK/
MHz & pop
50
44
4.4 MSEK
for 402 out
of 1160
licences
Optimal
Auctions,
NERA
2.5-2.69
GHz
2008
SMRA with
switching
14 blocks x
2 x 5 MHz
FDD, 1
block x 50
MHz TDD
140 MHz
0.03 SEK/
MHz & pop
5
5,
TeliaSonera,
Tele2,
Telenor,
HI3G, Intel
2.1 Bn SEK
DotEcon
1900-1905
MHz
2008
Single
round
sealed bid
first price
1 block x 5
MHz TDD
1 license
1 SEK
2
1, iBand
0.19 MSEK
28 GHz
2009
Clock
auction
18 blocks x
2 x 28 MHz
8 blocks
50 000 SEK
/ block
3
3,
Net4Mobility,
TeliaSonera,
HI3G
0.91 MSEK
Notes
Later
expanded
to 2x5 MHz
PGPencrypted
e-mail
1 EUR ≈ 9 SEK
Band
Year
Format
Blocks
Cap
Minimum
bid
Participants
Winners
Winning
bids
(MSEK)
System/
Consultants
3.6-3.8
GHz II
2009
Limited
combinatorial
single round
sealed bid first
price, several
auctions for
clearing
758 municipal
blocks x 40
MHz (FDD and
TDD), 2
national blocks
x 20 MHz
(FDD/TDD)
-
1 SEK
6
6
4.3 MSEK
for 118
licences
10.5 GHz
2011
Full
combinatorial
single round
sealed bid first
price
3 blocks x 2
x 28 MHz
-
1 SEK
1
1, HI3G
4 MSEK for
2 blocks
3.4-3.6
GHz
2011
Single
round
sealed bid
first price
13 regional
(county)
blocks x 2 x
28 MHz
-
1 SEK
1
1
0.1 MSEK
for 1
license
800 MHz
2011
SMRA with
switching
6 Blocks x
2 x 5 MHz
FDD
2 blocks,
2x10 MHz
1.6 SEK/
MHz & pop
5
3,
Net4Mobility,
TeliaSonera,
HI3G
2.05 Bn SEK
Computech
1800 MHz
2011
Clock
auction,
VickreyClarkeGroves
placement
round
7 blocks x 2
x 5 MHz
FDD
-
0.1 SEK/
MHz & pop
3
2,
Net4Mobility,
TeliaSonera
1.35 Bn SEK
Optimal
Auctions,
NERA
Notes
Left-over
licences
assigned
according to
first come-first
served
1 block with 300
MSEK of auction
proceeds as rollout obligation in
appointed areas
(1 Mbps
broadband for
households and
companies)
1 EUR ≈ 9 SEK
Today’s challenges
• Consumers’ rising dependence and expectations of mobile
coverage/capacity
• Mobile behaviour, fixed-mobile substitution
• Rural, in-door
• Coverage is not about dBµV/m outdoors - it is based on the consumer
experience
• “if it’s not working – it’s bad coverage”
• Long-term effects on competition of consolidation, network
sharing, spectrum pooling?
• What is 5G supposed to be?