Transcript Building Services - Pakistan Engineering Council

Building Services Design Process
Engineer Fahad Hasan
Yousuf Hasan Associates
Consulting Engineers
Building Services
Europe – Building Services
Middle East- MEP Services
Asian Countries – M&E Services
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services


Branch of Engineering that combines all the
building services in buildings
Services
 Other
than Architectural and Structural
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Engineer



Building Services are what make a building
come to life.
A building must do what it is designed to do –
not just provide shelter but also be an
environment where people can live, work and
achieve.
Building Services Engineer is the one who makes
that happen
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services



Building Services represent 30-50% of the
construction costs in buildings
40-50% of the energy consumed are due to
buildings
60-80% of the energy consumed in buildings
are due to Building Services
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services - Background




Building Services has a rich history
ASHRE was formed in 1959 by the merger of American Society of Heating
and A/C engineers founded in 1894 and American Society of
Refrigerating Engineers founded in 1904.
Building Services were formally recognized in 1976 with the formation of
“Chartered Institution of Building Services (CIBS). The word “Engineers was
added in 1985 to become the “Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers (CIBSE).
ASHRAE and CIBSE has contributed immensely towards the development.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Engineering

ELECTRICAL SERVICES
Lighting
 Electrical power
distribution
 Telephone/communicatio
n systems
 Fire detection, security &
surveillance systems
 Lifts/escalators and
transportation systems


MECHANICAL SERVICES
Air conditioning &
ventilation systems
 Fire protection
 Water supply
 Sewer, waste water and
storm water disposal
 Solid waste disposal
 Acoustics

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Engineering











Energy supply – gas, electricity and power
Natural and artificial lighting
Escalators and lifts
Heating and air conditioning
Ventilation and refrigeration
Water, drainage and plumbing
Acoustics
Fire detection and protection
Security and alarm systems
Telephone and IT networks
Operation and maintenance
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Role of Building Services Engineer

Four distinct areas associated with it
 Design
 Manufacture
 Installation
 Maintenance
 Knowledge
of (the above + architecture) makes a
complete Building Services Engineer
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Role of Building Services Engineer

Building Design Team requires
 Initial
inputs, user requirements
 Door and window design
 Site selection – noise levels etc.
 Location and orientation of the buildings
 Design of the envelope
 Planning of internal divisions
Actual Designs to follow
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Developments




Building Services Management
Facilities Management
Water management
Lighting Design
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Management

For What ??
 Higher
energy efficiency
 Maintain appropriate comfort levels
 Higher productivity
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Energy Efficiency

DEPENDS ON
 Building
envelope/fabric
 Building Services
 Management of building services (often
neglected)
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Facilities Management

DEFINITION (of European Committee for
Standardization and ratified by British
Standards)
 Facilities
Management is the integration of
processes within an organization to maintain and
develop the agreed services which support and
improve the effectiveness of its primary activities
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Facilities Management

Areas covered
 Property
Strategy – Quality Policy, Maintenance
Policy, Purchasing Policy, etc.
 Space Management
 Communication and Infrastructure including building
fabric
 Building Maintenance
 Administration and Contract Management – including
catering, cleaning, mail room, health and safety
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Facilities Management

PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTIONS
 The
Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers, UK (CIBSE) – Facilities Management
Group
 British Institute of Facility Management (BIFM)
 CIBSE and BIFM have joined forces, through
signing a MOU, in December 2004 to develop
and promote excellence in facilities
management practices.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Institution promoting building services

Internationally
 CIBSE
 ASHRAE

Locally
 Pakistan
Engineering Council
 Institution of Engineers Pakistan
 ASHRAE Pakistan Chapter
 Pakistan HVACR Society
 Pakistan Green Building Council
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Sustainability

Sustainable development is one that meets
the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Design of building services proceeds through
the following phases. The process is subject to
economic and time constraints, to availability
of or preferences for certain equipment and to
modifications in design criteria as the project
progresses
Concept Stage
 Schematic Design
 Preliminary Design
 Construction Phase
 Acceptance of or commission Phase

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Concept Stage

The functional use of the building, owner and
occupant requirements, architectural concepts and
budget limitations are typically determined during
this phase. These requirements should be
documented in a statement of design intent for the
building systems, which is refined and updated as
the design progresses. If cold-air distribution is to
be considered for the project, it is best to advance
the option at this point, so the entire design can
be developed to best realize its benefits.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

For example, the reduced space required
for ductwork may allow revisions to the
structural design and substantial cost
savings. Reduced duct space may also be a
solution for architectural design concepts
such as vaulted ceilings. Similarly, if
underfloor air distribution is to be
considered, this is the time to evaluate that
option, because it affects building height
and services design.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

The concept phase begins when the owner
identifies the need for the project and the
program is developed. The two end
products of the program phase for the
services engineer
A
detailed design intent statement describing
the selected systems
 A commissioning or implementation plan
outlining the process by which the system will
be designed, installed and commissioned
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

The design team performs a feasibility
study to evaluate system options and
establish a budget. At the conclusion of the
concept phase, the owner selects the
desired systems, and the design team
produces the design intent statement.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

The Owners program includes information to
develop the following design criteria:








Building area, height and number of stories
Geographic site location
Building construction materials, area and type of
glazing and insulation levels
Conceptual architectural drawings
Functions of each area in the building
Occupancy and operating schedules
Environmental requirements, such as temperature and
humidity set points
Process loads, temperature and flow requirements
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process
Power requirements of the project
 Life safety analysis which determines the type of
fire fighting system
 Water requirements of the project
 Possibilities for future growth or expansion
 Acoustic requirements
 Applicable codes and standards
 Space available for equipment
 Reliability requirements
 Budgets for capital costs and operating costs
 Sustainability requirements

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Schematic Design
In this phase, the designer selects and compares
appropriate systems to meet the building’s
functional needs and develops recommendations
for the owner. This phase typically involves
evaluation of the benefits and trade offs of
different design approaches.
 Annual energy consumption, demand and costs, as
well as system installed costs, are estimated.
 The level of analysis may range from simple rule
of thumb estimates to hour by hour simulations
with detailed cost comparisons

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Preliminary
During this phase, building services engineer
coordinates the MEP systems with architectural
and structural systems to resolve potential
conflicts.
 Building lighting calculations are refined
 Building power calculations are refined, detail
load schedules are prepared
 HVAC calculations are refined
 Equipment sizes and capacities are selected,
 System layouts are developed

Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Final Design and Preparation of
Construction Documents
 In
this stage, the preliminary layouts and
equipment selections are fully developed and
the final drawings and specifications are
completed.
 Some projects involve preparing alternative
designs, with bids for all options. In such cases,
the primary option generally receives the most
effort during the design
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Construction Phase
 The
design engineer’s responsibilities during
this phase typically include reviewing shop
drawings, observing construction, and
conducting or witnessing system performance
tests.
 Contractors may require guidance to ensure
that they follow the project specifications
rather than their standard methods
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

Acceptance or Commissioning Phase
 The
term “commissioning” is often used to
refer to the start up and functional
performance testing of MEP systems.
 Experience has shown that a comprehensive
commissioning procedure is essential to the
success of a project
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process



5 steps for successful completion of complex building
project
Whether it’s a new hospital, renovation of an existing
laboratory, or expansion of a manufacturing facility, complex
building systems in complex building types are designed to
perform at high levels. However, if not commissioned properly,
the high-performing facility you thought was being built could
be severely underperforming. In fact, a recent study by
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory shows that in the U.S.
alone, nearly $10 billion is wasted through energy
inefficiencies, such as air duct leakages, unbalanced airflow,
valve leakages, improper controls setup and so on.
How can you save money and ensure that your complex
building is commissioned properly? For starters, there are five
simple steps.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

1. Start early
Begin the commissioning process during the predesign or design stages. Just because the bulk of
the commissioning effort takes place after
construction completion does not mean that you
should wait until then to begin commissioning. The
process should start as early as possible and be a
collaborative effort among all key stakeholders in
the building’s success: owner, architects, engineers,
construction manager, subcontractors, building
management, and maintenance personnel.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process


2. Make a clear plan
Create a commissioning plan that defines the roles and expectations of each
stakeholder throughout the commissioning process. Most subcontractors do not
understand what is expected of them during commissioning, drastically slowing
the process. Preparing a commissioning plan as early as possible is key to
maintaining the speed necessary to complete the project on time with no loss of
quality. The plan provides direction during the commissioning process,
particularly with regard to issues and details not fully developed during
design, such as scheduling, participating parties, lines of reporting and
approvals, coordination and so on.
In conjunction, a commissioning matrix can be developed that lists all of the
commissioning tasks, who is responsible for their completion, and the timing of
those steps, providing a visual document to guide the process. The tasks
identified in the matrix include procedures for review and acceptance;
requirements for documentation, development and approval of commissioning
plans; schedules; and inspection and testing. By taking these steps, the
subcontractors’ responsibilities are clarified, making commissioning a much
smoother process.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process


3. Put it into the schedule
Commissioning activities should be built right into
the master construction schedule. By incorporating
the various commissioning tasks as line items in the
master schedule, they are more likely to be
completed in the proper sequence for a successful
result. Adding commissioning to the master
schedule also reinforces each stakeholder’s
responsibilities over time, and reemphasizes the
collaborative nature of the process by putting
commissioning front and center for everyone to
see.
.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

4. Document the process
Documenting each commissioning act—creating a
log of performance standards, inspections, testing,
and if necessary, corrective actions, for systems
and equipment—verifies that all relevant design
and construction work meets the objectives
established during the pre-design and/or design
stages. Detailed binders housing these
commissioning logs, known as “turnover packages,”
can then be created and maintained to serve as a
historical record of the commissioning process for
the facility’s systems.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process

5. Train the operators
To ensure consistent building performance on
an ongoing basis, it is essential to train the
facility staff and management team regarding
the correct operating procedures for all
systems installed. This effort can include oneon-one training from the equipment
manufacturer/vendor and/or the controls
contractor, as well as producing manual and
video support programs.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process








Summing it up
Although not a comprehensive list, these five steps are the cornerstone of a
good commissioning process. This effort helps assure owners that:
The project will be successfully completed within schedule parameters.
The facility is fully functional at first occupancy.
The building optimizes energy efficiency to reduce operational costs.
Facility managers and maintenance personnel are fully trained and engaged,
creating a better chance that ongoing maintenance is managed, reducing
system down time, expenses and so on.
A safer, more comfortable environment is created for workers and guests.
There will be less miscommunication throughout the construction process.
There will be fewer change orders.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Building Services Design Process
thank you
Q/A
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]