Transcript High rise Commercial Building - Pakistan Engineering Council

MEP PROVISIONS HIGH RISE COMMERICAL BUILDINGGREEN APPROACH
Engineer Fahad Hasan
Yousuf Hasan Associates
Consulting Engineers
High rise Commercial Building
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Energy plays a vital role in the development and
economic progress of a country. Around 40% of
total energy produced is consumed by buildings. In
a typical commercial building annually around
30% energy is consumed by the HVAC systems.
The typical efficiency of thermal power plant is
around 30%. It means that rest of 70% exhaust to
the atmosphere in the form of heat.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
High rise Commercial Building
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Imagine yourself in the most fabulous building in the
world. Now take away the lighting, heating and
ventilation, the lifts and escalators, acoustics, plumbing,
power supply and energy management systems, the
security and safety systems...and you are left with a hot,
dark, uninhabitable shell.
Everything inside a building which makes it safe and
comfortable to be in comes under the title of 'Building
services'. A building must do what it was designed to do
- not just provide shelter but also be an environment
where people can live, work and achieve.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
High rise Commercial Building
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Building services are what makes a building come to life. They include:
energy supply - gas , electricity and renewable sources
heating and ventilating
water , drainage and plumbing
daylighting and artificial lighting
escalators and lifts
ventilation and refrigeration
harnessing solar, wind and biomass energy
communications, telephones and IT networks
security and alarm systems
fire detection and protection
air conditioning and refrigeration
facade engineering
In every place that you see these services...building services engineers have designed,
installed and maintain them in working order.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
High rise Commercial Building
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A design that is green/sustainable is a design that minimizes the
negative human impacts on the natural surroundings, materials, resources
and processes that prevail in nature. It is not necessarily a concept that
denies the need for any human impact. Rather, it endorses the belief that
human kind can exist, multiply, build, and prosper in accord with nature
and the earth’s natural processes without inflicting irreversible damages
to those processes and the long term habitability of the planet.
The difference between a green and sustainable design is the degree to
which the design helps to maintain ecological balance. Some
characteristics of green design have no impact in terms of maintaining
ecological balance, including indoor environmental quality (IEQ), an
important element of green design. Many design characteristics, such as
reduced energy usage and pollution, do have positive long-term effect.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
High rise Commercial Building
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A green/sustainable building design is one that achieves high performance, over the full
life cycle in the following areas:
Minimizing natural resources consumption through more efficient utilization of
nonrenewable natural resources, land, water and construction materials, including
utilization of renewable energy resources to achieve net zero energy consumption.
Minimizing emission that negatively impact our indoor environment and the atmosphere
of our planet, especially those related to indoor air quality (IAQ), greenhouse gases,
global warming, particulates, or acid rain.
Minimizing discharge of solid waste and liquid effluents, including demolition and
occupant waste, sewer, and storm water and the associated infrastrucre required to
accommodate removal.
Minimal negative impacts on site ecosystems.
Maximum quality of indoor environment, including air quality, thermal regime,
illumination, acoustics/noise, and visual aspects to provide comfortable human
physiological perceptions.
While the sustainability is “ providing for the needs of the present without detracting from
the ability to fulfill the needs of the future”.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
High rise Commercial Building
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Green projects require more than a project team with good
intentions, they require commitment from the owner, early
documentation of sustainable/green goals documented by the
Owner’s Project Requirement (OPR) document, and the
designers documented basis of design. The most successful
projects incorporating green design are ones with dedicated,
proactive owners who are willing to examine the entire
spectrum of ownership.
Green buildings inevitably extends beyond the concerns of
HVAC&R designers alone, since the very concept places an
emphasis on integrated design of mechanical, electrical,
architectural and other systems.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
High rise Commercial Building
Some of the high rise buildings in
Pakistan
 Ocean Tower 28 floors
 MCB Tower 29 floors
 Dolmen City 23 floors
 Habib Bank 22 floors
Some of the high rise buildings
under construction
 Icon Tower 62 floors
 Lucky One 30 floors
 EFU tower 18 floors
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
MEP Provisions in High rise
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In a building construction program MEP
execution came into at a very advanced stage
and last till the final handing over of the
building to user.
At the early phases of construction planners
and structural engineers require input from
MEP engineers to keep the provisions for the
selected MEP system in the buildings.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
MEP System Selection
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Common requirements of high rise and low rise buildings
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Environment
Power & Communication Network
Plumbing Utilities
Fire Alarm and Fire Fighting System
Earthling system and security
Specific requirements of high rise buildings
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Means of egress (fire escape)
Vertical transportation and garbage chutes
Utilities distribution and management of MEP services
Equipment placement and provisions for future maintenance and
replacement
Lightening protection
External façade illumination
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Common Requirements
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Environment
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Temperature, Humidity, Air motion, Air purity or
quality, Air changes per hour, air and water velocity
requirements, local climate, space pressure
requirements, capacity requirements, redundancy,
spatial requirements, security concerns, first cost ,
operating cost, maintenance cost, reliability, flexibility,
life cycle analysis, sustainability of design, acoustics
and vibration, mold and dew prevention.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Common Requirements
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Power and Communication Network
 Commercial
buildings are normally multi user in
nature where requirement varies from user to user
 Sufficient provisions has to be kept not only to
cater the estimated power requirements but also
for the future modifications and additions.
 Communications network must be open protocol.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Common Requirements
Plumbing
 Water
Supply distribution booster system v/s
gravity based tank supply. Provisions of pressure
reducers and Isolation valves
 Filling arrangement for overhead tank, provision
of buffer tank at intermediate floor.
 Balcony/trace drain, roof drains
 Drainage risers to be located strategically with
access for regular maintenance
 Transfer floor v/s drainage offset
 Centralized drinking water system
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Common Requirements
Fire Fighting & Alarm System
 Fire
zoning and compartments
 Sprinkler system with zone control valves
 Fire hose cabinets for occupants
 Dry Risers/Fire hose cabinets for fire fighters
 Centralized Fire Alarm system in fire rated
conduits
 Gas based fire fighting system for protection of
big ticket equipment
 NFPA/BS Codes must be followed
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Common Requirements
Earthling System
 System
earthling network to be provided at each
locations
 Body earthling for central equipment
 NEC/BS codes must be followed
Security
 CCTV
 electronic access to various areas to be provided
 Parking management system
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Specific Requirements
Means of Egress (fire escape)
 Fire
safety code analysis to be conducted
 Fire compartments to be defined in the light of
fire safety code analysis
 Fire escapes to be provided with proper markings
 Helipad/buffer zones to be provided
 Fire escape routes must be pressurized and have
fire rated walls and doors
 Smoke extract system to be provided
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Specific Requirements
Vertical Transportation
 Traffic
study is essential to define the quantity,
capacity and speed of lifts
 Staircases to be provided for inter-floor frequent
movement to be provided
 Separate lifts for cargo and food transportation
to be provided
Garbage chute
 Sufficient
number and size of garbage chute to be
provided
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Specific Requirements
Utilities network and management for MEP
Sufficient head room is very important in high rise
buildings to install the ducting, piping, cable tray,
lighting etc.
 Sufficient number and size of shafts to be provided
for vertical distribution of services
 The vertical shaft size for services in high-rise building
is fairly larger than low rise building as it is not only to
install the service at once but provision for regular
maintenance has to be to kept
 Toilet blocks preferably be in stack arrangement
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Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Specific Requirements
Equipment Rooms
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is a good strategy to keep the equipment rooms
for HVAC equipment, data rooms, electrical rooms
at the central location as it reduces the head room
requirements and provide evenly distribution of
services.
 Passage for the equipment movement from outside
to the plant room must be considered at initial
stage. Provision for future removal and regular
maintenance to be provided
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Specific Requirements
Lightening protection to be provided as per
NEC/British Standards
Façade lighting to be provided as per the
elevation design by the architects
Aircraft warning lights are must in all the
authorities
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Additional Goals
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Additional goals
In addition to primary goal of providing the desired
environment, the design engineer should be aware of and
account for other goals the owner may require. These goals
may include the following:
Supporting a process, such as operation of computer
equipment
Promoting a germ free environment
Increase sales
Increasing net rental income
Increasing property salability
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
System Constraints
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Once the goal criteria and additional goal options are
listed, many constraints must be determined and
documented. These constraints many include the
following:
Performance limitations
Available capacity
Available space
Available utility sources
Available infrastructure
Building architecture
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Constructability constraints
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MEP system issues should be taken into account before the project
reaches the construction document phase. Some of these constraints
many significantly affect the success of the design and cannot be
overlooked in the design phase. Some issues and concerns
associated with constructability are as follows:
Existing conditions
Maintaining existing building occupancy and operation
Construction budget
Construction schedule
Ability to phase HVAC system installation
Equipment availability (i.e. delivery lead times)
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Constructability constraints
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Cooling loads often contribute to constraints, narrowing the
choice to systems that fit in available space and are
compatible with building architecture. By establishing the
capacity requirement, equipment sizes can be determined,
and the choice may be narrowed to those systems that work
well on projects within a size range.
No matter how efficiently a particular system operates or
how economical it is to install, it can only be considered if it
(1) maintains the desired building space environment within
an acceptable tolerance under all conditions and occupant
activities and (2) physically fits into on or adjacent to the
building without being objectionable.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Sustainability
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Sustainable energy consumption can be
compromised and long term project success can be
lost if building operators are not trained to
efficiently and effectively operate and maintain
the building systems.
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]
Thank you
Q&A
Engr. Fahad Hasan, Y.H.Associates, [email protected]