Transcript NORTH CAROLINA’S LEAD BASED PAINT PREVENTIVE …

North Carolina Childhood Lead
Poisoning Prevention Program
Division of Environmental Health
Lead poisoning can be prevented.
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Lead-based Paint
Paint manufactures used to put lead
pigments in paint because the pigments
make the paint last longer, dry faster and
cling to surfaces better.
Paint that is disturbed or that is breaking
down with age can contaminate dust and
soil.
Lead is highly toxic. Exposure to it can be
dangerous, especially for young children.
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Child Exposure
Children are poisoned because they eat
lead dust that has gotten on their
hands, toys, pacifier, etc. Damage to
the child’s health is usually done before
symptoms show.
Children who may be exposed to lead
hazards should be tested for elevated
blood lead levels.
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CDC Guidelines
Targeted Screening of 12 and 24 month
old children.
N.C. - mandatory screening for recipients
of Medicaid, WIC, and HealthChoice.
Blood lead analysis provided at no charge
through the State Laboratory.
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Blood Lead Levels
A blood test tells you what a child’s recent
exposure to lead has been. Lead in blood
is measured in micrograms of lead per
deciliter of blood (ug/dL).
0
5
10 15 20 25 30 35 40
low risk
moderate risk
high risk
urgent risk
A level above 10 is of concern.
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N.C. Surveillance Data
In 1999:
More than 105,000 kids tested.
625 confirmed 10 ug/dL or greater
(50% of EBL children were never
retested).
80 confirmed lead poisoning.
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Health Effects
A lead-poisoned child usually seems healthy.
Exposure to low levels of lead can permanently
affect children. In low levels lead can cause:
 Nervous system and kidney damage.
 Learning disabilities, attention deficit
disorder, and decreased intelligence.
 Speech, language, and behavior problems.
 Decreased muscle and bone growth.
 Hearing damage.
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Societal Cost
Lifetime cost of a moderately poisoned
child: $40,000 - $60,000.
Reduction in lifetime earnings, medical
and special education cost.
Does not include: reduced family time,
anxiety in caring for a lead-poisoned child,
decreased stature and hearing ability,
increase juvenile delinquency and crime,
and hypertension later in life.
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Adult Exposure
Inhalation/Ingestion
Long term health risks
high blood pressure
reproductive problems
anemia
kidney failure
memory and concentration problems
muscle and joint pain
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Family Exposure
Lead can be dangerous to workers and
their families if the worker brings
equipment and clothing home from the
job site.
Vehicles and homes can be
contaminated with lead-based paint
and dust if safe work practices are not
followed.
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Global Action
Countries that either banned the use of
lead paint or severely restricted children’s
contact with it:
France 1840’s
Spain 1931
Germany 1870’s
Yugoslavia 1931
Australia 1920
Cuba 1931
Great Britain 1926
USA 1978
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Affected Housing
According to HUD estimates:
64 million homes have LBP.
20 million homes with deteriorated LBP
likely to cause exposure.
890,000 children with elevated blood lead
levels.
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Hazard?
Is all lead-based paint a hazard?
The mere presence of lead paint does not
mean there is a hazard.
Lead-based paint that is intact and covered
with several layers of non-lead paint is not
a health risk if it is maintained.
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Equipment
HEPA filter-equipped vacuum cleaner
Properly fitted respirator
Protective clothes
Heavy duty polyethylene plastic sheeting
Duct tape
Wet-sanding sponges/paper
Spray bottles
Detergent
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Safe Work Practices
Control access to the work area
Cover the work area with plastic
Cover the ground with plastic
Shut off HVAC
No eating, drinking, smoking in work area
Protect occupant and belongings
Mist painted surfaces before disturbing
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Safe Work Practices
cont’d
Wet sweep
Perform specialized cleaning when project
is completed.
Change clothes and shoes before leaving
work area.
Wash work clothes separately from family
laundry.
Dispose of wash water down a toilet.
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Exterior Work
Cover the ground with 6 mil plastic
sheeting.
Move play equipment at least 20’ away
from the work area.
Close all windows and doors.
Daily site cleanup
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Unsafe Work Practices
Stripping paint on-site with methylene
chloride-based solutions.
Torch or flame burning
Heating paint with a heat gun above 1100
degrees Fahrenheit.
Uncontrolled abrasive blasting, or
uncontrolled waterblasting.
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Specialized Cleaning
Using a HEPA equipped vacuum cleaner,
vacuum from the cleanest areas to the
dirtiest areas. Work from the top of the
room toward the bottom, cleaning, door
frames, chair rails, window sills and
troughs, shelves, counters, baseboards
and floors.
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Specialized Cleaning
cont’d
Wet Cleaning
Detergent solution and two buckets
Work from the cleanest to the dirtiest areas.
Change Rinse water at least once per room.
Change mop heads after each unit/house.
Flush dirty water down the toilet.
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Preventive Maintenance Program
In 1997 the North The PMP is
Carolina General
designed to to
Assembly adopted
reduce childhood
the Childhood Lead
lead exposure in
Exposure Control
pre-1978 rental
Act establishing a
housing.
voluntary
preventive
The PMP is primary
maintenance
prevention!
program (PMP).
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Who is Eligible to Participate?
Participation Is Voluntary.
Owners of pre-1978 residential rental
property are eligible to participate.
Owners of property identified as a
potential source of childhood lead
poisoning are also eligible to participate.
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Who cannot Participate?
Child occupied facilities such as child
care centers and schools.
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Benefits Of Participation
Protect children from
exposure to lead-based
paint and leadcontaminated dust.
Liability relief from lead
poisoning related lawsuits.
Property Marketing.
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Maintenance Standard Activities
 Repair and repaint interior areas of
deteriorated paint.
 Adjust doors and windows to minimize
friction.
 Make interior surfaces smooth and cleanable.
 Cap window troughs with vinyl or aluminum.
 Pre-1950’s property must also:
 repair and repaint exterior areas;
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Maintenance Standard Activities
(cont’d)
Use safe work practices to prevent the
spread of lead dust.
Protect occupant’s belongings.
Use specialized cleaning to remove residual
lead dust.
Provide occupant information.
Undergo annual monitoring.
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Maintenance Staff
Maintenance staff should have proper
training and a clear understanding of leadbased paint hazards, safe work practices,
occupant protection, and dust cleanup
methods.
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Questions?
Claudia Rumfelt-Wright
Preventive Maintenance Program Coordinator
Division of Environmental Health
1632 Mail Service Center
Raleigh, NC 27699-1632
Tel. (919) 715-8497
Fax (919) 715-4739
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