Transcript Brain Waves and EEG’s - Robbinsville Schools / Overview

Sankalp Patel, Michael Kang, James
Kelly
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The EEG (electroencephalogram) uses highly
conductive silver electrodes coated with silverchloride and gold cup electrodes to obtain accurate
measures of effectiveness, resistance caused by dura
mater, cerebrospinal fluid, and skull bone.
Monopolar Technique : the use of one active
recording electrode placed on area of interest, a
reference electrode in an inactive area.
Bipolar Technique : the use of two active electrodes
on areas of interest.
Measures brain waves (graphs voltage over time)
through electrodes by using the summation of many
action potentials sent by neurons in brain.
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Alpha Wave- easily produced when quietly sitting with eyes
closed.
Beta Waves- Most common waves. Produced during mental
thought and activity.
Theta Waves- More common in children than adults;
related to pleasure, drowsiness, and displeasure.
Delta Waves- Found during periods of deep sleep.
Gamma Waves- Occur with sudden sensory stimuli.
These are some other less common waves:
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Kappa Waves
Lambda Waves
Mu Waves
 Psychological
Research
 Neurological Research
 Medical Research
 Educational Research and Application
 Therapeutic Research
 Occupational Application
 In Common Medical Practice to assist
physicians in diagnosing proper neurological
disorders.
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An EEG can determine changes in brain activity that
may be useful in diagnosing brain disorders,
especially epilepsy. An EEG may be helpful to
confirm, rule out or provide information that helps
with management of the following disorders:
Epilepsy or other seizure disorder
Brain tumor
Head injury
Brain dysfunction that may have a variety of causes
(encephalopathy)
Inflammation of the brain (encephalitis)
Stroke
Sleep disorders
Memory impairment
Richard Caton (1875) –localization of sensory
functions with monkeys and rabbits
 Hans Berger (1924) – first EEG recording done on
humans
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described alpha wave rhythm and its suppression
compared to beta waves
acknowledged “alpha blockade” when subject
opens eyes
William Grey Walter – influenced by Pavlov and
Berger, further developed EEG to discover delta
waves during sleep (1937) and theta waves
(1953)
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EEG has become a widely used and
successful research tool
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It is a practical candidate that offers valid measurement
It contributes objective information that can be easily
viewed and measured
It is a versatile system that allows for a diverse
application of the information it provides:
From therapeutic endeavors, and enhancing
educational efforts, to offering information and insight
that has helped to improve pilots’, conductors’, and
drivers’ vigilance performance, as well as strengthening
the base of general knowledge in a way that has helped
to improve our everyday lives.
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Thoen, M.D., Dennis. "Electroencephalogram (EEG) and 24hour Ambulatory EEG." Western Neurological Associates.
Western Neurological Associates. Web. 9 Mar 2013.
<http://www.wna-pc.com/eeg>.
Mayo Clinic Staff, . "EEG (electroencephalogram)." Mayo
Clinic. Mayo Clinic, 10 Aug 2012. Web. 9 Mar 2013.
<http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/eeg/MY00296>.
Anonymous, . "History: From EEG to QEEG." Research
Institue Brainclinics. Research Institute Brainclinics, n.d.
Web. 9 Mar 2013. <http://www.brainclinics.com/historyof-the-eeg-and-qeeg>.