Transcript Electronic Warfare Counter

Electronic
Warfare
EW Intro
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EW is a component of Command &
Control Warfare (C2W)
C2W: Military strategy which
implements Information Warfare (IW).
C2W includes integrated use of OPSEC,
military deception, PSYOPS, EW, and
physical destruction.
Three Components of EW
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Electronic Support (ES) *ESM
Electronic Attack (EA) *ECM
Electronic Protection (EP)
*ECCM
Increasing Importance of
EW:
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Increased reliance on radar
OTH targeting
Increased use of Communications
Tactical Data Systems (TDS)
Increased speed of missiles and weapons
systems
High-speed detection and tracking
Active-homing or passive-homing long-range
missiles give little warning
Electronic Support (ES)
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Surveillance of EM spectrum
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Immediate threat recognition
Threat avoidance
Homing and targeting.
Passive EW
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Electronic Intelligence (ELINT): Info derived from
foreign non-communications EM information,
particularly radar.
Communications Intelligence (COMINT): Info
derived from foreign communications.
ES Subdivisions:
Threat Warning and
Avoidance
 Direction Finding
 Target Homing and Tracking
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ES Receiver Design Requirements
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Wide spectrum surveillance
Wide dynamic range
Unwanted signal rejection
Angle-of-Arrival measurement
Signal Analysis capability
Display
Recording System
Signal Collection Process
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Signal Warning
Alerts to presence of a signal
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Signal Sorting
Uses frequency to sort out signals of
immediate interest/action required
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Signal Analysis
Determines specific capabilities for immediate
and future actions
Electronic Attack (EA)
Use of EM or directed energy
to attack personnel, facilities,
or equipment.
 Active and Passive EW
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Non-Destructive EA
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Confusion: Mask or hide real targets
by cluttering the radar display.
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Jamming
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Noise Jamming
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Spot Jamming
Barrage Jamming
Sweep Jamming
Chaff
Infrared flares (Torch)
Spot, Barrage, and Sweep Jamming
Sweep
Freq
Barrage
Spot
Ampl
Time
Spot and Barrage Jamming
Rcvr BW
Power
Spot Jamming
Barrage Jamming
Frequency
Effective Jamming
PW
Rcvd
Signal
Amp.
PRT
Ineffective
Jamming
time
Non-Destructive EA (cont.)
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Deception: Create a false image or change
the image on the enemy’s radar display.
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Repeaters: Create false echo by delaying rcvd
radar signals & retransmitting at later time.
Transponders: Create false signal by playing back
a stored replica of the radar signal.
Chaff
Radar Decoys
Blip Enhancers
Radar Cross-Section (RCS) Modification
EA-6B Prowler
Destructive EA
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Anti-Radiation Missiles
 SLAM
 HARM
 Sidewinder
Directed Energy
Interceptors
Kinetic Kill
Destroy satellite by direct impact.
Conventional
Explosive
Destroy satellite by explosion of chemical payload within
lethal radius of satellite.
Nuclear Explosive
Destroy satellite by nuclear radiation from explosion within
lethal radius of satellite.
Directed Energy Weapons
High Power
Microwave
Induce permanent damage to electronic circuits by overstressing components with EM radiation, or thermally
inducing structural damage.
High Energy
Laser
Thermally induce structural, electronic, or sensor damage
through irradiation.
Neutral Particle
Beam
Thermally induce structural, electronic, or sensor damage
through irradiation.
Electronic CounterMeasures
High Power
Microwave
Temporarily interfere with normal operation of electronic
circuits.
Noise Jamming
Intentional transmission of interfering EM noise.
Deception
Jamming
Intentional transmission of interfering signals to manipulate
target systems.
SLAM ER
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Stand-off Land Attack Missile-Expanded Response
HARM
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High-speed Anti-Radiation Missile
HARM
Results
Portable Radar Site
In Serbia
AIM-9 Sidewinder
Electronic Protection (EP)
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The protection of friendly combat
capability against undesirable effect
of friendly or enemy employment
EW.
Electronic Protection (EP)
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Three primary ways to defend ourselves
from enemy EW
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Modify our radar - make it more complex
and harder to jam
Modify the Medium - Chaff and Torch
Modify the platform
EP: Radar Design
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Power
Frequency
PRF
PW
Pulse Shape
Antenna Design
Scan Pattern
EP Factors
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Burnthrough: Increase signal strength
to overpower jammer noise
Emission Control (EMCON)
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Alpha
Bravo
Charlie
Delta
Operator Training
U.S. Shipboard EW Capabilities
SLQ-32 “Sidekick” - on all combatants
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Radar warning, detection and jamming
Uses an internal library to auto detect &
categorize
Infrared Flares - “Torch”
Formally on all combatants
Chaff - on all combatants
U.S. Shipboard EW Capabilities
SSQ-108 “Outboard” - on some Spruance
class, DDG, CG, LHA, LHD
Any ship with SSES
real-time, over-the-horizon passive detection,
localization, and targeting
SLQ-39 Chaff Buoy - on Arleigh Burke
class
Rubber Duck – looks like a life boat container
U.S. Airborne EW Capabilities
 ALQ-142 - ES system on SH-60 Seahawk
 ALQ-99 - EW system on EA-6B Prowler
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Mimics radar signals (Deception)
 ALQ-126 - EA jamming system on F-14 & F/A 18
 ALQ-165 - EA jamming system on F/A-18
 ALR-47 - ES detection system on S-3 Viking
 ALR-73 - ES detection system on E-2 Hawkeye
 Chaff
- on SH-60 Seahawk
Questions?