Transcript LMS Presentation Sept 27 2000

The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE
NEW GOVERNANCE
Lester M. Salamon
UN DPI/NGO CONFERENCE
September 6, 2006
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
The New Governance
A
revolution in the
technology of public action
 Proliferation
of new tools
Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
The New Governance
ILLUSTRATIVE TOOLS

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Direct government
Contracts
Grants
Direct loans
Loan guarantees
Economic regulation
Social regulation
Insurance
Corrective fees
Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
The New Governance
RISE OF THIRD-PARTY GOVERNMENT

Common Feature: Use of “Third Parties”
• Sharing of Discretionary Authority
• “Deconstruction” of Public Action
Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
The New Governance
PATTERNS OF PUBLIC PROBLEM-SOLVING
DELIVERY
FINANCE
Public
Private
Public
(1) National
A
C
B
D
(2) State/local
Private
(1) Nonprofit
(2) For-profit
Lester M. Salamon, The Tools of Government: A Guide to the New Governance
(New York: Oxford University Press, 2002)
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
Challenges for Civil Society:

C onsciousness

C onscientiousness

C ompetence
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
C
N
P
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
Project Countries
Denmark
Norway
Belgium
The
Finland
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Netherlands
France Denmark
Czech Republic
Sweden Italy
Austria
Germany
Poland
United States
Romania
Canada
Mexico
Venezuela
Colombia
Russia
Ireland
Spain
Portugal
Hungary
Egypt
Morocco
Lebanon
Israel
Kenya
Ghana
India
Thailand
Pakistan
Tanzania
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Peru
Slovakia
South
Africa
Japan
Korea
The
Philippines
Uganda
Australia
New
Zealand
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
Global Civil Society, Volume Two
Order Information: Kumarian Press, http://www.kpbooks.com/
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
Civil Society Organization Workforce in
context, 40 countries
Civil Society Orgs.*
Utilities
transportation
construction
48.4
6.2
41.3
46.5
Manufacturing
110.4
Number of employees (millions)
* Including volunteers
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
Employment in Civil Society
Organizations vs. Largest firms
Civil Society Organizations
48 million
Largest Private Companies
4 million
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
If the civil society sector were a
country...
Country
* In 2004 U.S. Dollars
GDP (trillion $)
United States
Japan
Germany
United Kingdom
Civil Society Land
Expenditures (40 Countries)
France
China
Italy
Canada
Spain
Brazil
Russia
$11.7
4.6
2.7
2.1
1.9*
1.9
1.7
1.2
1.0
1.0
0.6
0.6
Source of GDP Figures: World Bank
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
CSO workforce as a share of the economically
active population, by country
40 countries
Netherlands
Canada
Belgium
Ireland
United States
United Kingdom
Israel
France
Norway
Sweden
Denmark
Australia
Germany
Finland
Austria
Chile
Argentina
Spain
Japan
Portugal
Italy
South Africa
2.9
1.7
4.6%
9.2
8.4
8.6
8.3
5.1
2.7
11.1%
2.3
10.9%
2.1
10.4%
6.3
3.5
9.8%
4.8
3.6
8.5%
6.6
1.4
8.0%
3.7
3.7
7.6%
2.7
4.4
7.2%
1.7
5.1
7.1%
3.8
2.7
6.6%
4.4
1.9
6.3%
3.5
2.3
5.9%
2.4
2.8
5.3%
3.8
1.1 4.9%
2.6
2.2
4.9%
2.9
1.9
4.8%
2.8
1.5
4.3%
Paid staff
3.2
1.0 4.2%
2.8
1.1 4.0%
Volunteers
2.3
1.5
3.8%
1.8
1.6
3.4%
14.4%
The Johns Hopkins Comparative Nonprofit Sector Project
CSO workforce as a share of the economically
active population, by country
40 countries
4.6%
Egypt
2.8%
Peru
2.5%
Korea, Rep. of
2.4%
Colombia
2.4%
2.3%
Uganda
Kenya
2.1%
Tanzania
2.1%
Czech Republic
Philippines
2.0%
1.9%
Brazil
1.6%
Morocco
1.5%
India
Hungary
Pakistan
Slovakia
1.4%
1.1%
1.0%
0.8%
Poland
0.8%
Romania
0.8%
0.4%
Mexico
Paid staff
Volunteers
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
U.N. NPI HANDBOOK COMMITTED IMPLEMENTERS
Developed Countries
Europe
Belgium
France
North America
Canada
Italy
Other
Israel
Central Europe
Czech Republic
Slovakia
Latin America
United States
Asia
Australia
Korea
Developing and Transitional Countries
Argentina
Brazil
Peru
Asia
Japan
New Zealand
Kyrgyzstan
Philippines
India
Africa and Middle East
Cameroon
Ghana
Mali
Kenya
Morocco
South Africa
Uganda
Zimbabwe
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
Value Added as % of GDP,
NPIs vs. Selected Industries, Canada, 2000
7.9%
Volunteers
%
of
GDP
NPIs
6.1%
5.1%
2.3%
1.5%
1.4%
Retail
Trade
Mining, oil
& gas
extractions
Nonprofit
sector
Accommodations Agriculture
& food services
Motor
Vehicle
Manufacturing
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
Contribution to GDP, Volunteers
vs. Selected Industries, Canada
15
$14.1 billion
$12.8 billion
10
$6.1 billion
5
Volunteers
Motor Vehicle
Mfg.
Agriculture
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
Value Added as % of GDP, NPIs* vs.
Selected Industries, Belgium, 2003
% of GDP
5.0 %
4.8%
2.4%
1.6%
Hotels &
Restaurants
1.1%
Construction
NPIs
* Without Volunteers
Utilities
Agriculture &
Fishing
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
NPI Share of Belgian Value Added,
Selected Fields
SOCIAL
SERVICES
66.6%
HEALTH
42.7%
CULTURE &
RECREATION
26%
10%
50%
Percent of Total Value
80%
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
Average Annual Change in GDP
and GDP Contribution of NPIs
GDP
NPI
4.7%
5%
4.3%
4.2%
4.3%
3.3%
1.3%
1%
Belgium
Canada
USA
(2000-2003)
(1997-2001)
(1996-2004)
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
Philanthropy as share of GDP,
selected countries, 1995-2004
2.50%
1.93%
2.00%
1.83%
1.79%
1.82%
1.69%
1.73%
1.56%
1.73%
Percent of GDP
1.47%
1.50%
1.33%
US
Canada
Belgium
1.00%
0.83%
0.92%
0.83%
0.80%
0.83%
0.39%
0.50%
0.37%
0.36%
0.39%
0.00%
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
How Can Better Data on Civil
Society Help?

Visibility/Legitimacy

Improve policy-making

Increase transparency/accountability

Improve economic statistics

Chart NPO contribution to MDGs

Spot trends/problems
The Johns Hopkins Center for Civil Society Studies
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT:
WWW.JHU.EDU/CCSS