How did Europeans gain control of most of Southeast Asia?

Arrival of Europeans

 Europeans were interested in the spice trade  Portuguese were first to reach Southeast Asia in 1511  Dutch set up trading post in 1596.

 Dutch pushed out Portuguese and were the main European traders in Southeast Asia

European Power Grows

 In the 1700s and 1800s Europeans wanted sugar, coffee and tea  Industrial Revolution increased need for raw materials and markets  British gained control of Malaya, Singapore, and Burma  France gained French Indochina [Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia]

Thailand Escapes European Rule  Then known as Siam  Located between British Burma and French Indochina  King Mongkut hired Europeans to help Thailand modernize

The Philippines Under Foreign Rule  1521 Philippines were claimed by Spain  In 1890s Filipinos rebelled against Spanish rule  United States went to war against Spain in 1898  U.S. won and took control of the Philippines

Impact of Colonial Rule

 Economies were based on cash crops and other exports  Raw materials were exported and finished products imported- Southeast Asia became dependent on Europeans  Europeans built modern transportation systems, schools, and universities  Education lead to growth of middle class and nationalism