Transcript Slide 1

Extraordinary magnetoresistance in GaMnAs ohmic and
Coulomb blockade devices
Tomas Jungwirth
Institute of Physics ASCR
Alexander Shick, Karel Výborný, Jan Zemen,
Vít Novák, Kamil Olejník, et al.
Hitachi Cambridge
Jorg Wunderlich, Andrew Irvine,
David Williams, et al.
University of Nottingham
Bryan Gallagher, Tom Foxon,
Richard Campion, Kevin Edmonds,
Andrew Rushforth, Chris King et al.
University of Texas and Texas A&M
Allan MacDonald, Jairo Sinova
University of Wuerzburg
Polish Academy of Sciences
Laurens Molenkamp, Charles Gould , et al.
Tomasz Dietl, et a.
Tohoku University
Hideo Ohno, et al.
GaAs VB
GaAs:Mn extrinsic semiconductor
Jungwirth et al. arXiv:0707.0665, PRB ’07 in press
Mn-acceptor level (IB)
GaMnAs disordered VB
VB-IB
VB-CB

Short-range ~ M . 
s potential
- additional Mn-hole binding
- ferromagnetism
- scattering
MIT in p-type GaAs:
- shallow acc. (30meV) ~ 1018 cm-3
- Mn (110meV) ~1020 cm-3
Mobilities:
- 3-10x larger in GaAs:C
- similar in GaAs:Mg or InAs:Mn
> 2% Mn: metallic but strongly disordered
  Mn spacing
Model:
SO-coupled, exch.-split Bloch VB & disorder
- meaningful but difficult for strong disorder
- no better than semi-quantitative
Anisotropic magnetoresistance
EXPERIMENT
THEORY
Rushforth et al. arXiv:cond-mat/0702357, PRL ’07 in press
SO & polarized scatterers
Non-crystalline
(M vs I) AMR
SO & polarized holes
anisotropic scattering
10-100x weaker
contribution to AMR
MnGa
~
mag. only
GaMnAs
>
>
scatering amplitudes
max AMR
add band-warping  crystalline
(M vs [100]) AMR
Spintronic transistor based on AMR type of effect
Wunderlich et al. PRL ‘06
Huge, gatable, and hysteretic MR
Single-electron transistor
Two "gates": electric and magnetic
AMR nature of the effect
normal AMR
Coulomb blockade AMR
Spintronic transistor based on CBAMR
Source
QQind0 = (n+1/2)e
Q VD
Drain
QQ0ind = ne
Gate
VG
eE2/2C
C 
n-1

Q( M )
U   dQ'VD ( Q' ) 
e
0
n
n+1
n+2
Q


( Q  Q0 )
( M ) C
U
& Q0  CG [ VG  VM ( M )] &VM 
2C
e
CG
[110]
F
2
[100]
[110]
electric
& magnetic
control of Coulomb blockade oscillations
[010] M
[010]
SO-coupling 
(M)
CBAMR SET
• Generic effect in FMs with SO-coupling
• Combines electrical transistor action
with magnetic storage
• Switching between p-type and n-type transistor
by M  programmable logic
Worth trying to look for CBAMR in SO-coupled room-Tc metal FMs
• CBAMR if change of |(M)| ~ e2/2C
• In our (Ga,Mn)As ~ meV (~ 10 Kelvin)
• In room-T ferromagnet change of
|(M)|~100K
• Room-T conventional SET
(e2/2C >300K) possible