Transcript PowerCell Sweden AB

Fuel Cells for Automotive Application
Per Ekdunge
PowerCell Sweden AB, Gothenburg, SWEDEN
Energirelaterad fordonsforskning
Oktober 8-9, 2014
Powercell Company overview
Location:
Gothenburg, Sweden
History:
Building on a 15 year heritage of technology,
know-how and IP developed within Volvo
Group, independent company since 2009
Products:
Fuel cell stacks (1-26kW), fuel cell systems and
system engineering services
Development: Diesel fuel processor (diesel + bio fuels), diesel fuel cell APU for truck and
stationary applications & fuel cell stack
Facilities:
Largest fuel cell lab in northern Europe, fuel reformer labs, mechanical and
electrical shops, assembly areas and offices
Energirelaterad fordonsforskning, Oktober 8-9, 2014
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Truck APU Application
Dependent on existing fuel infrastructure
Purpose
 Eliminate idle operation of the diesel main
engine
 Lower emissions of NOx, PM and
hydrocarbons
Cost efficiency
 Decrease the fuel cost (up to 10 000$/year)
Enhanced comfort
 Reduced noise and vibration
 Reduce noise pollution in cities
Pollutions
 2.5 million large diesel trucks in the US.
700,000 have sleeper cabs . By idling:
 Consuming 1.2 billion gallons diesel/year
 Producing 11 million ton CO2/year
 Producing 150 000 ton NOx/year
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Powercell Technology choice for the APU based on demand
Powercell develop fuel cell based APU system running on conventional diesel fuel.
Autothermal reforming (ATR) technology was chosen in order to be self sustained by
heat and with as high efficiency as possible.
The PEM fuel cell technology was chosen after real life testing of the daily APU truck
demands regarding the high numbers of start and stop of the APU system.
The reformer sub-system needs to fulfill the high demand of LT-PEM requirements of
virtually zero NMHC, and below 25ppm CO level.
To realize this Powercell has developed PEM fuel cell stack and reformer enabling a
diesel-fuelled fuel cell based APU SYSTEM
Prototype APU B1.1
Energirelaterad fordonsforskning, Oktober 8-9, 2014
Mock-up of possible APU installation
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Demand on Fuel Reformer system
Demand from System
Self sustained by heat
Large number of start and stop
Freeze capable
Short start-up time
Self sustained with water balance
Conventional diesel (US10)
Demand from Fuel Cell
Low CO level
Clean from NMHC
High humidity
High H2 content
Low temperature
No Sulfur
CO < 25ppm at steady-state, < 50 ppm during transients,
gas cleanup system needed
Sulfur trap
Compact and low weight (start-up and gross weight perspective)
Low pressure drop
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Powercell Reformer System for Fuel Cell Systems
Benefit of ATR technology:
Self sustained by heat - Good load following – High efficiency
CxHy + H2O + O2  H2 + CO2 + CO
Water Gas Shift + Preferential Oxidation - delivers reduced CO level
CO + H2O  H2 + CO2
CO + ½ O2  CO2
ATR
DS
WGS
WGS
PrOx
PrOx
Diesel
Steam
and air
Afterburner
Excess reformate
Water
Fuel cell
Water
tank
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Unique diesel reformer for LT-PEM fuel cells
The reformer fulfils the requirements of
PEM fuel cell systems in stationary and
mobile applications:
• Runs on standard US10 diesel
• Gas quality compatible with LT-PEM
• CO < 10 ppm and
• no NMHC slip during steady state
and transient conditions
• Large number of start/stops
• Short start-up time
• High efficiency (low losses thanks to
small pressure drop < 100 mbar)
2015-07-07
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Demand on Fuel Cell stack
Demand from user
Low cost
Low weight
Low volume
Frequent start and stops
Mechanical robust
Freeze capable
Durability
Demand from system
Reformate compatibility
(>45%H2, <25ppm CO average)
Low Pressure drop
Good fuel utilization
Stability (low stoich, humilities)
High operating temperature for
cooling & avoid condensation
(T>75˚C)
The LT-PEM has been chosen as the technology due to it is the most
mature and at the moment the choice for mass-production for the
automotive industry
Offers the most compact stacks due to formed thin metal BPP
Only technology that can tolerate the number of start and stop required
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PowerCells 2nd fuel cell stack platform
Conclusion from feedback:
Large kW Stack with Low pressure drop
5 – 25 kW scalable
Liquid cooled
Low pressure drop (low BoP losses)
Stable in transitions between wet and
dry air flow (start/stop)
Inlet/outlet ports on same side
Higher fuel utilization (energy
efficiency)
Lower production cost
2015-07-07
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APU System Development
The world’s first LT-PEM FC system running on commercial diesel
Power Pac
Unique diesel reformer
Multi-fuel stack
3kW power system (scalable to higher and smaller power ranges)
More fuel efficient and more cost effective than a diesel generator
Zero emission of regulated pollutants (NOx, CO, SOx, particulate matter)
Low noise and vibration
Enables switching to fuel cells with existing fuel logistics infrastructure
Robustness and performance suited for a wide range of applications
vehicle APU, stationary power and back-up power applications
Enables OPEX reductions
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APU System Efficiency
40,0
35,0
Efficiency / %
30,0
25,0
20,0
APU status 2013
15,0
APU projection 2014
10,0
Truck APU
5,0
0,0
0,00
1,00
2,00
3,00
4,00
5,00
Electric Power / kW
Overall efficiency of the APU system from diesel in to regulated electric 24 V DC out
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Stationary application of PowerPac
PowerCell has together with a SouthAfrican company installed a PowerPac
at a telecom-site for powering the
telecom-tower.
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Project: MoreZero
Aim
To develop an hydrogen fuel cell modular range
extender system for electric vehicles able to be
integrated in different vehicles categories. To
demonstrate the scalability of the solution
integrating three different systems of the new
modular fuel cell range extender in three different
vehicles (a small truck of 3’5 tons, a minibus of 9
tons and heavy truck of 18 tons).
To define design of the modular range extender
system for electric vehicles based on data collected
from the demonstration activities of the three
prototypes developed, making full use of change in
design limitations compared to electric enginedriven vehicles
To outline modularisation strategies for integration
of the system components allowing to address
high degrees of customization of vehicles for
specific use cases without excessive development
investments for each of the resulting variants
Energirelaterad fordonsforskning, Oktober 8-9, 2014
Duration: 14-06-01 till 16-11-30
Program; ERA-NET, FFI
Funding 6 904 250 SEK (Swedish part)
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Projektpartner
Triphase, Belgien, är en avknoppning från
universitet Leuven, som utvecklar kraftelektronik
och styrning för industriella och
elfordonsapplikationer. SME med 16
medarbetare.
E-Trucks Europe , Belgien, utvecklar
och kommersialiserar elektriska tunga
fordon på upp till 22 ton. Ett dotterbolag
till Beukers Groep, som utvecklar och
säljer specialfordon.
IDIADA , Spanien, konslutbolag inom design,
engineering, testing och certifiering för
fordonsindustrin med 1600 medarbetar i 20
länder.
Hexagon Studio, Turkiet, konsultbolag
inom design, engineering för fordons- och
försvarsindustrin. Har 240 medarbetare.
PowerCell, utvecklar och säljer; bränslecellstackar, bränslecellssystem baserat på
dieselreformering samt för vätgas på tank, 22 medarbetare.
Övriga partner har eller har erfarenhet av att utveckla elfordon.
Den kompentens önskar PowerCell ta del av för bränslecellssystem.
Energirelaterad fordonsforskning, Oktober 8-9, 2014
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AB
Presentation
för FFISweden
Kvalitetsgranskning
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PowerCell Portfolio
Hydrogen based systems
PEM - Fuel Cell Stack
Reformate based systems
S1 (1-5kW)
FC-UPS (1kW)
Robust (2kW)
FCM-module (1kW)
Product
Pre-production
Pre-production
Prototype
S2 (5-25kW)
Pre-production
H2-REX (20-25kW)
PowerPac stationary (3kW)
Technology development
Prototypes
S3 (25-100kW)
Technology development
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Thank you for listening & please ask questions
Powercell Sweden AB
Ruskvädersgatan 12,
418 34 Gothenburg, Sweden
p: +46 31 7203620
e: [email protected]
w: www.powercell.se
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