Transcript Document
Initial findings from
Domestic Homicide Reviews
Who is STADV and
why did we start in the late 1990’s?
1996 Figures
Standing Together Against Domestic Violence
Local approach: focus on Strategic Coordination
Operational focus:
•MARAC Coordination
•Children and Health Coordination
•Specialist Court Coordination
•Housing Coordination
•Specialist Services Coordination
•Maternity and A&E Projects
National work related to consultancy, training, Domestic Homicide Reviews,
Domestic Abuse Housing Alliance (DAHA), In Search of Excellence: A Guide to Local
Partnerships
The five truisms* of any response to
domestic and sexual violence
1. Despite the evidence DV/SV is not sufficiently prioritised
2. The increase in investment during the 2000’s never reached the level that
satisfied the need
3. Investment is now reducing from a level of insufficiency
4. The 3rd sector will never be able to satisfy the need, regardless of
investment
5. The statutory sector must take more responsibility for the response
The Coordinated Community Response (CCR)
and partnership
The CCR is just a highly developed partnership:
It acknowledges the need to keep victims safe and hold perpetrators
to account
It requires all agencies that see victims to do a good job.
It requires agencies to work collaboratively with others.
It requires specialist service provision
DHR -Statutory context
• Implemented through section 9 of the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004
• Following a homicide, local authorities should conduct a ‘Domestic Homicide Review’
(DHR) into what happened
• In some circumstances, local authorities may decided to conduct a ‘Near Miss Review’
(NMR)
• Into those cases that did not result in a homicide but are of particular
concern, e.g. because of a life changing incident and/or extensive contact
with local services
• Not a statutory requirement
Purpose of DHRs
• Identify what lessons can be learned about the way in which local professionals and
organisations work individually and together to safeguard victims
• Identify how these lessons will be acted on, and what is expected to change as a result
• Apply these lessons to service responses including changes to policies and procedures as
appropriate
• Prevent domestic violence and abuse homicide and improve service responses through
improved intra and inter-agency working.
Brief overview of the Process
Chair
appointed
Panel
meeting
IMRs and
Chronologies
over several
meetings
Findings
agreed and
Overview
Report
Action plan
done by CSP
QA process
at Home
Office
Involvement of friends and family – highly valued!
30 deaths
74% Intimate Partner Homicide- 22
Intimate partner 14
Murder-suicide 4
Partner also carer 4
26%
Family-Related Homicide-8
Matricide 5
Patricide 2
Fraticide 1
30 deaths
22
Intimate Partner Homicide
82% occurred in the home
of the victim
•3 at the home of the
perpetrator
•1 on the street/stalking
8
Stabbing
Strangulation
Head Injury
Family-Related Homicide
All in the home of the
victim
Children and young people
• 36% cases had children under 18 in the
household
• 13 children and young people directly affected
• Ages ranged from a few months to 16 years
• 3 cases included a current or recent pregnancy
About the IPH victims
• Aged 20 – 81, with a mean age of 41,
50.5% under 35
• 18% were disabled- killed by partners / carers
• 46% had medically diagnosed mental health condition with
a further 37% self reported mental health concerns
(totalling 83%)
• 14% victims had known alcohol /drug dependency issues
About Family Related Victims
• 5 females and 3 male victims:
5 mothers
2 fathers
1 brother
• Mean age of 64 years
• 5 from minority ethnic groups
• 3 diagnosed or self reported mental health issues
IPH Perpetrator Characteristics
•27% white British/ 68% minority ethnic groups
•Mean age of 40 years (19 to 80 years)
•59% mental health issues
•10 of 22 history of substance abuse
Family Related Perpetrator Characteristics
•5 of 8 from minority ethnic groups
•Mean age of 37 (one 16 yrs)
•7 of 8 had diagnosed or self reported mental health issues- ½
had mental health diagnosis (1 depression, 2 psychosis, 1
schizophrenia) and 3 self reported mental health issues
•5 of 8 had substance misuse
Family Related Perpetrator Characteristics
•Middle aged
•Unemployed
•Criminal histories (3/4)
•Mental Health
•Living at home
•Violence toward other female family members (1/2)
•Violence towards previous/current intimate partners (1/3)
Risk Factors
Separation not a single event – 2/3 of victims and perpetrators were in a current relationship at the time of
killing and 27% of perpetrators were ex-partners
Most common risk factors identified through the DHR process:
Separation
Previously experienced injury
Mental health of perpetrator
Controlling behaviour*
Jealous surveillance*
Suicide and attempts of perpetrator
Abuse to previous partners
Wider offending history- to family members and other offenses
“high risk” not identified resulting in lack
of specialist response
• Domestic abuse known in 12 cases despite all victims being well
known to services in general
• Risk assessments done with 5 victims – all by the police (1 woman 3
times)
• None assessed as high risk
• Two resulted in a MARAC referral due to professional judgement
• One victim was helped by specialist services
Who Knew?
Both victims and perpetrators well known to a variety of services
54% or 12 of 22- Domestic abuse was known by
.
Missed Opportunities
75% cases missed opportunities identified
• Majority in heath settings- GPs
• Adult social care
• Children's services
• Housing
• Probation
• Workplace
Areas for development
Adult safeguarding
Mental Health
Work with wider social networks and community