Transcript 2004 Report on the global AIDS epidemic (52 Graphics)

Millions
Global AIDS epidemic 1990−2003
Number
of people
living
with HIV
and AIDS
50
Number of people living with HIV and AIDS
5.0
% HIV prevalence, adult (15-49)
40
4.0
30
3.0
20
2.0
10
1.0
0
0.0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Year
Source: UNAIDS/WHO, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 1)
% HIV
prevalence
adult (15-49)
Median HIV prevalence in antenatal clinic population
in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra
and Tamil Nadu, India, 1998−2003*
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu
5
% HIV prevalence
4
3
2
1
0
1998
1999
2000
2001
Year
* Data from consistent sites
Source: National AIDS Control Organization
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 2)
2002
2003
Trends in HIV prevalence among various groups
Cambodia, 1998−2002
50
% HIV prevalence
40
Brothel-based
sex workers
30
20
Non-brothel-based
sex workers
10
Urban police
0
1998
1999
2000
2001
Year
Source: Cambodia Surveillance Unit, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Dermatology and STDs (NCHADS), 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 3)
2002
Estimated number of new HIV infections
in Thailand by year and changing mode of transmission
160
140
Spouse
IDU
SW
MTCT
120
New HIV
infections
(number
of people,
in thousands)
100
80
50%
20%
15%
15%
SW
90%
Spouse 5%
IDU
5%
60
40
20
0
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Year
Spouse: heterosexual transmission of HIV in cohabiting partnerships; SW: HIV transmission through sex work
IDU: HIV transmission through injecting drug use; MTCT: mother to child transmission of HIV
Source: Thai Working Group on HIV/AIDS Projections, 2001
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 4)
Millions
Epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa
1985−2003
Number
of people
living
with HIV
and AIDS
30
30
25
Number of people living with HIV and AIDS
% HIV prevalence, adult (15-49)
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
5
5
0
0
1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Year
Source: UNAIDS/WHO, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 5)
% HIV
prevalence
adult (15-49)
HIV prevalence among 15−49-year-olds
in urban and rural areas,
selected sub-Saharan African countries, 2001−2003
25
% HIV prevalence
Urban
Rural
20
15
10
5
0
Niger
(2002)
Mali
(2001)
Kenya
(2003)
Burundi
(2002)
South Africa
Zambia
(2002)
(2001-2002)
NOTES: (1) Burundi: population age is 15-54. (2) Mali: population age for men is 15-59. (3) South Africa: Urban data from urban formal
and urban informal and, rural data from tribal areas and farms.
Sources: Burundi (Enquete Nationale de Seroprevalence de l'Infection par le VIH au Burundi. Bujumbura, Décembre 2002). Kenya (Kenya Demographic
and Health Survey 2003. Mali (Enquête Démographique et de Santé. Mali 2001). Niger (Enquête Nationale de Séroprévalence de l'Infection par le VIH
dans la population générale âgée de 15 à 49 ans au Niger (2002). South Africa (Nelson Mandela/HSRC Study of HIV/AIDS. South African National HIV
Prevalence, Bahavioural Risks and Mass Media. Household Survey 2002). Zambia (Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002).
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 6)
HIV prevalence among 15−24-year-olds
in selected sub-Saharan African countries, 2001−2003
20
% HIV prevalence
Men
Women
15
10
5
0
Niger
Mali
Burundi
Kenya
Zambia
(2002)
(2001)
(2002)
(2003)
(2001-2002)
South Zimbabwe
Africa
(2003)
(2001-2002)
Sources: Burundi (Enquete Nationale de Seroprevalence de l'Infection par le VIH au Burundi. Bujumbura, Décembre 2002). Kenya (Kenya Demographic and
Health Survey 2003. Mali (Enquête Démographique et de Santé. Mali 2001). Niger (Enquête Nationale de Séroprévalence de l'Infection par le VIH dans la
population générale âgée de 15 à 49 ans au Niger (2002). South Africa 1(Pettifor AE, Rees HV, Steffenson A, Hlongwa-Madikizela L, MacPhail C, Vermaak K,
Kleinschmidt I. HIV and sexual behaviour among young South Africans: a national survey of 15-24 year olds. Johannesburg: Reproductive Health Research Unit,
University of Witwatersrand, 2004). Zambia (Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 2001-2002). Zimbabwe (The Zimbabwe Young Adult Survey 2001-2002)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 7)
Median HIV prevalence (%) in antenatal clinics
in urban areas, by sub-region,
in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990−2002
35
% HIV prevalence
30
Southern Africa (14)
25
20
15
Eastern Africa (12)
10
Central Africa
5
(10)
Western Africa (12)
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Source: Adapted from WHO AFRO 2003 Report
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 8)
Newly diagnosed HIV infections per million population
in Eastern European and Central Asian countries,
1996—2003
1,200
1,000
800
New HIV
infection
per million
population
Estonia
Russian Federation
Latvia
Ukraine
Belarus
Moldova, Republic of
Kazakhstan
Uzbekistan
Kyrgyzstan
600
400
200
0
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Source: (1) HIV /AIDS Surveillance in Europe, EuroHIV mid-year report 2003, no. 69. (2) AIDS Foundation East West
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 9)
HIV prevalence among men having sex
with men in Latin America, 1999−2002
% HIV prevalence
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Lima,
Peru
San
Salvador,
El Salvador
Guatemala
City,
Guatemala
2002
San Pedro
Sula,
Honduras
2001-2002
Managua,
Nicaragua
Panama
City,
Panama
Buenos
Aires,
Argentina
2000 - 2001
Bogota
Colombia
2000
Guayaquil,
Ecuador
1999 - 2000
Sources: 1) Lima data: HIV Infection and AIDS in Americas: lessons and challenges for the future. Provisional Report MAP/EpiNet, 2003 (2) San Salvador, Guatemala City, San
Pedro Sula, Managua and Panama City data: Multicenter study of HIV/STD prevalences and socio-behavioral patterns, PASCA/USAID (3) Buenos Aires data: Avila, M., M. Vignoles, S.
Maulen, et al., HIV Seroincidence in a Population of Men Having Sex with Men from Buenos Aires, Argentina (4) Bogota data: MS/INS/LCLCS/NMRCD 2000 study (5) Guayaquil data:
Guevara J., Suarez P., Albuja C. y col. Seroprevalencica de infeccion por VIH e Grupos de Riesgo en Ecuador. Revista medica del Vozandes. Vol 14, No.1:7-10, 2002
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 10)
Condom use with a non-cohabiting partner,
Dominican Republic, 2002
70
Males
60
% Condom use
Females
50
40
30
20
10
0
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-39
Age group
Source: Dominican Republic Demographic Health Survey 2002
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 11)
40-49
50-59
Life expectancy at birth in selected most affected
countries, 1980−1985 to 2005−2010
Botswana
70
South Africa
Swaziland
60
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Years
50
40
30
20
1980-1985
1985-1990
1990-1995
1995-2000
Source: UN Population Division, World Population Prospects: the 2002 Revision
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 12)
2000-2005
2005-2010
Population size with and without AIDS,
South Africa, 2000 & 2025
2000
Males
3
2
Age-group
100+
95-99
90-94
85-89
80-84
75-79
70-74
65-69
60-64
55-59
50-54
45-49
40-44
35-39
30-34
25-29
20-24
15-19
10-14
5-9
0-4
Females
1
0
2025
1
2
3
Males
3
2
Females
1
0
(in millions)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 13)
2
(in millions)
Actual estimated and projected population
Hypothetical size of the population in the absence of AIDS
Source: UN Population Division
1
3
Examples of estimates of the impact of AIDS
on economic growth, 1992−2000
0.00%
-0.50%
-1.00%
-1.50%
-2.00%
Botswana,
Lesotho,
Namibia*
South Africa**
Botswana***
30 Countries*
Cameroon**
Methodology:
* Demographic and economic modelling
** CGE Simulations
*** Economic
Source: (1) Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia data: Sackey and Raparla, 2000. (2) South Africa data: Arndt and Lewis 2000. (3) Botswana data:
Greener, Jefferis and Siphambe, 2000. (4) 30 Countries data: Over, 1992. (5) Cameroon data: Kambou et al, 1992.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 14)
Orphans per region
within sub-Saharan Africa,
end 2003
5
4
Number
of orphans
(millions)
3
2
1
0
Central
Africa
Eastern
Africa
Southern
Africa
REGIONS
Source: UNAIDS, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 15)
Western
Africa
Problems among children and families
affected by HIV/AIDS
HIV infection
Increasingly serious illness
Children may become caregivers
Psychosocial distress
Economic problems
Children withdraw
from school
Inadequate food
Deaths of parents and young children
Problems with
inheritance
Children without adequate adult care
Discrimination
Problems with shelter
and material needs
Reduced access to
health-care services
Exploitative child labour
Sexual exploitation
Life on the street
Increased vulnerability
to HIV infection
Source: Williamson, Jan (2004) A Family is for Life (draft), USAID and the Synergy Project. Washington.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 15a)
Growing role of grandparents
Relationships of double orphans and single orphans
(not living with surviving parent) to head of household, Namibia, 1992 and 2000
2000
Grandchild
61%
1992
Grandchild
44%
Other
Relative
21%
Brother/sister 4%
Other
Relative
39%
Son/daughter-in-law 3%
Not related 6%
Adopted/foster-child 5%
Brother/sister 2%
Son/daughter-in-law 3%
Not related 11%
Adopted/foster-child 1%
Source: UNICEF-MICS, Measure DHS, 1992 and 2000.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 16)
Projected new adult infections given current degree
of intervention and a timely scale up of the comprehensive
interventions package
No intervention
6.0
5.0
New infections
(millions)
4.0
3.0
Timely intervention
2.0
1.0
0.0
2000
2002
2004
2006
Year
Source: J. Stover, et al. Can we reverse the HIV/AIDS pandemic with an expanded response? The Lancet, 2002.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 17)
2008
2010
Reinforcing strategies of risk, vulnerability
and impact reduction
Risk
Reduction
Impact
Reduction
Vulnerability
Reduction
Source: UNAIDS, The Global Strategy Framework on HIV/AIDS (Reinforcing strategies of risk, vulnerability and impact reduction:
The expanded response to the epidemic), 2001
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 18)
Proportion of respondents stating that HIV
can be transmitted through sexual contact,
selected states in India
100
Urban Male
Urban Female
Rural Male
Rural Female
80
60
%
40
20
0
Bihar
Gujarat
Uttar Pradesh
Source: National AIDS Control Organization, National Baseline General Population Behavioural Surveillance Survey 2001
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 19)
Percentage of young people (15−24-year-olds) who report using
a condom at last sex with a non-marital, non-cohabiting partner,
of those who have had sex with such a partner in the 12 months
100
Women
Men
80
60
%
40
20
0
1996 2000
Malawi
Source: DHS data 1994-2001
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 20)
1996 1999
1995 2000
1996 2001
1994 1999
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Percentage of young people (15−24-year-olds) who had sex
with a non-marital, non-cohabiting partner
in the 12 months prior to the survey
100
Women
Men
80
60
%
40
20
0
1996 2000
1996 1999
1995 2000
1996 2001
Malawi
Tanzania
Uganda
Zambia
Source: DHS data 1995-2001
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 21)
Annual prevalence of HIV and other sexually
transmitted diseases at the Clinique de Confiance,
Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire (1992−2002)
100
90
HIV
TPHA*
N. gonorroea
T. vaginalis
Genital ulcers
C. trachomatis
80
70
60
Prevalence
(%)
50
40
30
20
10
0
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
*Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay
Source: P. Ghys et al. AIDS 2003, Vol 17 (suppl 4)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 22)
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
HIV-positive inmates in the penal system
of the Ministry of Justice in the Russian Federation,
1994 through 2003
5.0
4.2
4.3
4.0
3.4
3.0
%
2.0
1.6
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1994
Number of HIV+ inmates
Number of inmates
1995
0.0
1996
0.1
0.2
0.4
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
7
13
239
1,460
2,319
4,100
15,100
33,000
36,850
36,000
929,000
1,018,000
1,048,000
1,018,300
1,014,500
1,060,400
925,100
980,200
877,400
830,400
Source: Based on GUIN (Department of Penalty Execution) data - Main Directorate of Corrections of the Ministry of Justice
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 23)
Participating countries in the joint subregional
HIV prevention and care programme
along the Abidjan-Lagos migration corridor
Source: International Organization for Migration
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 24)
Proportion of 15−24-year-old injecting drug users
infected with HIV, various studies
100
80
60
%
40
20
0
Jakarta,
5 towns,
Northern Area,
Odessa,
Svetlogosk,
Churachandpur,
Salvador,
Indonesia
Myanmar
Thailand*
Ukraine
Belarus
India**
Brazil***
(2001)
(2000)
(2000)
(2000)
(1997)
(1996)
(1996)
* 13–24 years old; ** 14–24 years old; *** 15–20 years old
Source: (1) For Indonesia, Myanmar and Belarus: Sentinel surveillance reports (2) For Thailand: Razak, MH et al. High HIV Prevalence and
Incidence among IDU and Potential Barriers for Prevention Programs in Northern Thailand. (3) For Ukraine: Shcherbinskaya AM et al.
HIV/AIDS Epidemiological Surveillance in Ukraine (1987 - 2000). (4) For India: Eicher AD et al. A Certain Fate: Spread of HIV Among
Young Injecting Drug Users in Manipur, North-East India. AIDS Care, 2000. (5) For Brazil: Dourado I et al. Human retrovirus in a Brazilian
city with a population predominantly of African origin: evidences for high prevalence of HTLV and HIV-1 among injection drug users (IDU)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 25)
Changes in voluntary counselling and testing
in South Africa: more sites = more tested
1,800
1,600
1,400
300,000
VCT sites
250,000
Clients
1,200
Number
of VCT sites
200,000
1,000
150,000
800
600
100,000
400
50,000
200
0
0
2001
Source: WHO, 2004 (courtesy of Dr. Fareed Abdullah)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 26)
2002
Number
of clients
Khayelitsha: Availability of decentralized antiretroviral therapy
(ART) access, advocacy, and multi-disciplinary support services
dramatically increases demand for testing and counselling
HIV tests
Support groups
15,000
25
12,000
20
9,000
15
6,000
10
3,000
5
0
1998
Before ART
2002
ART started
Source: WHO, 2004 (courtesy of Dr. Fareed Abdullah)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 27)
0
1998
2002
Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics,
served by 'Call to Action' programme in Africa*,
2000−2003** (N = 416,498)
100
80
60
%
40
20
0
Voluntarily
counselled
*
Tested
(of those
voluntarily
counselled)
Received
results
(of tested)
HIV+ women
(of tested)
Mothers
on Nevirapine
(of HIV+
women)
Babies
on Nevirapine
(of those born
to HIV+ women)
Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe
** Cumulative through June 2003
Source: Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 28)
Pregnant women attending antenatal clinics,
served by 'Call to Action' programme outside Africa*,
2000−2003** (N = 243,103)
100
80
60
%
40
20
0
Voluntarily
counselled
*
Tested
(of those
voluntarily
counselled)
Received
results
(of tested)
Dominican Republic, Georgia, India and Thailand
** Cumulative through June 2003
Source: Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 29)
HIV+ women
(of tested)
Mothers
on Nevirapine
(of HIV+
women)
Babies
on Nevirapine
(of those born
to HIV+ women)
Young people (15−24 years old) living with HIV,
by region, end 2003
Asia
22%
Sub-Saharan Africa
62 %
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
6%
High-income countries
2%
North Africa & Middle East
1%
Latin America & Caribbean
7%
Total: 10 million
Source: UNAIDS/UNICEF/WHO, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 30)
Sexual and reproductive health status
of 15−19-year-old girls between 2000−2001
30
Had sex before age 15
25
Married before age 15
Gave birth before age 15
20
%
15
10
5
0
Mali
(2001)
Uganda
(2000-2001)
Source: Demographic and Health Surveys
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 31)
Malawi
(2000)
Ethiopia
(2000)
Colombia
(2000)
Peru
(2000)
Percentage of young women (15−24 years old)
with comprehensive HIV and AIDS knowledge,
by region, by 2003
60
52
50
40
%
40
37
30
20
30
23
10
0
19
18
14
7
5
2
0
Sub-Saharan
Africa
South & SouthEast Asia
Latin America
& the Caribbean
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
Note: For each region, the percentage is shown for countries with low,
median and high values
Source: United Nations Development Programme (2002), Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS 2001): Survey Results and Indicators Summary
Report. Gaborone; UNICEF, Multiple Indicator Survey (2000); FHI, Behavioural Surveillance Survey (2001) and; Measure DHS+, Demographic
and Health Surveys, (1998-2002)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 32)
Antiretroviral therapy coverage for adults,
end 2003
400,000 people on treatment: 7% coverage
60
50
40
%
30
20
10
0
Africa
Source: UNAIDS/WHO, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 33)
Asia
Latin
America and
the Caribbean
Eastern
Europe and
Central Asia
North
Africa and
Middle East
Prices (US$/year) of a first-line
antiretroviral regimen in Uganda: 1998−2003
14 000
10 000
8 000
6 000
4 000
2 000
0
Jun Jul
98 98
Aug Sep
98 98
Jun Oct
00 00
Nov Dec
00 00
Jan Feb
01
01
Mar Apr
10 01
May Jun
01 01
Price US$
Price US$
12 000
Jul
01
Aug
01
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 34)
Sep
03
Oct
03
1 200
1 100
1 000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
Nov
00
Source: UNAIDS/WHO, 2004
Mar
03
Dec
00
Jan
01
Feb
01
Mar
01
Apr
01
May
01
Jun
01
Jul
01
Oct
03
Projected annual HIV and AIDS financing needs
by region, 2004−2007 (in US$ million)
US$ millions
20,000
Latin America
and the Caribbean
Eastern Europe
and Central Asia
15,000
North Africa
and Middle East
10,000
East Asia
and the Pacific
South
and South-East Asia
5,000
Sub-Saharan Africa
0
2004
Source: UNAIDS, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 35)
2005
2006
2007
Global resources needed for prevention, orphan care,
care and treatment and administration and research
2004−2007 (in US$ millions)
Prevention
Orphan care
Care & treatment
Admin & Research
US$ millions
20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 36)
2005
2006
2007
US$ millions
Institutional spending for HIV and AIDS
1996−2002 (US$ disbursements in millions)
3,000
2,500
Domestic
2,000
Private
1,500
UN System
1,000
Bilateral
500
0
1996
1997
Source: UNAIDS Resource Tracking Consortium
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 37)
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Percentage that out-of-pocket AIDS expenditure
constitutes total AIDS expenditure,
selected countries, 2002
60
40
%
20
0
Source: (1) For Latin America and Caribbean countries: SIDALAC, and (2) Abt Associates
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 38)
Projected disbursements on HIV and AIDS by top
bilateral donors (US$ in millions) for 2003
Germany 6.5% ($107m)
Japan 5.2% ($85m)
Canada 4.0% ($66m)
UK
27.6% ($452m)
EC 4.0% ($65m)
Netherlands 4.0% ($65m)
Norway 3.1% ($51m)
Ireland 2.4% ($40m)
US
35.2% ($577m)
Australia 2.4% ($39m)
Italy 1.5% ($25m)
France 1.5% ($25m)
Other 2.4% ($40m)
Source: Progress Report on the Global Response to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic, 2003. Follow-up to the 2001United Nations General Assembly Special Session
on HIV/AIDS Progress Report on the Global Response to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic, 2003
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 39)
Net Official Development Assistance (ODA)
as percentage of gross national income (GNI): 2003
Norway
Denmark
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Sweden
Belgium
Ireland
France
Switzerland
United Kingdom
Finland
Germany
Canada
Spain
Australia
New Zealand
Portugal
Greece
Japan
Austria
Italy
United States
0.00
UN target
0.70%
Average country effort
0.41%
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
%, GNI
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 40)
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
HIV/AIDS/STI ODA, 2002
Total amount obligated in US$ million
and obligations per US$ million GNI
Luxembourg
Norway
Belgium
Netherlands
Sweden
Canada
Ireland
United States
Australia
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Denmark
New Zealand
Germany
Finland
Switzerland
Japan
Spain
Portugal
Austria
600
150
100
50
Total amount obligated
for HIV/AIDS/STI
in US$ million, 2002
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 41)
0
50
100
150
Obligations for
HIV/AIDS/STI
per US$ million GNI, 2002
200
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
Pledges and contributions received,
as of December 31, 2003
EC
11%
France
14%
Italy
9%
U.S.
33%
Germany
7%
Italy
10%
Germany 2%
Netherlands 2%
U.K.
6%
Netherlands 3%
France 6%
EC
19%
Canada 2%
Japan
5%
Other
Govt’s
7%
U.S.
30%
U.K. 6%
Japan Other
8% Govt’s
10%
Corporate/Private* 5%
Corporate/Private* 2%
Canada 2%
Total pledges:
Total contributions received:
US$ 4,966 million
US$ 2,104 million
*Foundations and Non-for-profit organizations, Corporations, and Individuals, Groups and Events
Source: THE GLOBAL FUND ANNUAL REPORT 2003, January 1 - December 31, 2003.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 42)
Funds committed by top 15 US Grantmakers
in 2002 (US$ millions)
Gates Foundations
89.0
Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundations
16.9
Kaiser Family Foundation, The Henry J.
16.2
Ford Foundation
14.0
Rockfeller Foundation
12.9
United Nations Foundation
12.3
Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundations
11.8
Merck Company Foundations
11.4
Open Society Institute/Soros Foundations
7.8
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, The
7.8
Abbot Laboratories Fund
6.9
M.A.C AIDS Fund
5.6
Starr Foundation, The
5.5
Kellogg Foundation W.K.
5.4
Broadway Cares/Equity Fight AIDS
5.4
TOTAL
Source: Funders Concerned about AIDS, Report on HIV/AIDS grantmaking by US philanthropy, 2003.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 43)
228.9
Funding for Microbicide Research, in US$
SOURCE
Funding by philanthropic organizations
Funding by selected countries and agencies*
Funding by the United States
2000
2001
2002
$26,938,920
$24,036,874
$2,993,180
$63,000,000
$350,000
$0
$67,435,262
$4,822,117
$34,635,492
$61,266,031
$75,280,722
$78,771,000
* Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom, UNFPA, World Bank
Source: Lamphear TL. Funding for Microbicides: An Overview Chart. Alliance for Microbicide Development, March 2004.
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 44)
2003
Changes in AIDS Programme Effort Index scores
2000, 2001 and 2003
2003
Care and
treatment
2001*
2000
Policy and
planning
Political
support
Program
resources
0
20
40
60
80
* The API survey was redesigned in 2003 to make comparisons across countries more meaningful. Because the methodology
had changed, respondents in 2003 were asked to score each item twice, once for 2003 and once for 2001. The inclusion of
the 2001 data facilitated efforts to gauge progress since 2000.
Source: UNAIDS, USAID, POLICY Project -- API surveys
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 45)
100
Relations between National AIDS Committees and bilaterals
Percentage of responding countries where UNAIDS Secretariat representative
indicated that a formal relationship existed between the NAC and bilateral donors
100
80
60
%
40
20
0
Africa
Source: UNAIDS, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 46)
Asia
Europe
Level of mainstreaming in 63 lowand middle-income countries
Number of responses
40
30
20
10
0
Process has not
started
Process started,
but no concrete
output yet
HIV/AIDS
integrated into
sectoral plans
Level of mainstreaming
Source: UNAIDS, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 47)
Actual implementation
of sectoral
HIV/AIDS plans
Health and human resource restraints
Percentage of countries where the UNAIDS Secretariat representative indicated
that a lack of health personnel was a major barrier to the national AIDS response
100
80
60
%
40
20
0
Africa
Source: UNAIDS, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 48)
Asia
Europe
Latin America
and the Caribbean
HIV prevalence by country of asylum
and country of origin, by region, 2003
6%
Countries of asylum
5%
Countries of origin
4%
HIV
prevalence* 3%
2%
1%
0%
Africa
(N=29)
Asia
(N=17)
Europe
(N=14)
Latin America
and the Caribbean
(N=2)
North
America
(N=2)
Oceania
(N=1)
Region**
* Weighted means: country of asylum by population size, country of origin by refugee population size
**N refers to countries of asylum with 10,000 refugees
Source: UNHCR, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 49)
HIV Risk Factors for Conflict
and Displaced Persons Camps
Key Factors
● Area of origin HIV prevalence
● Surrounding host population (pop.) HIV prevalence
● Length of time: conflict, existence of camp
Increased Risk
Decreased Risk
● Behavioural change
● Reduction in mobility
● Gender violence/transactional sex
● Reduction in accessibility
● Reduction in resources and
services (e.g. health, education,
community services, protection, food)
● Increase in resources and services
Source: Spiegel, UNHCR, 2003
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 50)
in host country
Participation in partnership forums
by people living with HIV, 2003
35
Without people living with HIV participation
30
With people living with HIV participation
25
Number
of countries
20
68%
15
92%
10
67%
5
100%
60%
0
Sub-Saharan
Africa
Source: UNAIDS Secretariat country offices, 2004
2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic (Fig 51)
Asia
Middle East
& North Africa
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
Latin America
& the Caribbean