Transcript Watershed Management

2. Watershed Management
Importance and influence of water
• Function
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Biological
Health (hygiene, recreation)
Cultural and esthetic (landscape)
Political and military-strategic (boundary rivers)
Cooling medium
Mechanical energy
Chemical and thermal energy
Transport
• Negative water influence
– Floods
– Health hazard
– Water erosion
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Watershed Management - definition
WM is the process of organizing and guiding land and other
resource use on a watershed to provide desired goods and
services without adversely affecting soil and water resources.
2 points of view:
1. WM is an integrative way of thinking about human activities on a
given area of land that have effects on, or are affected by, water.
2. Includes a set of tools or techniques – the physical, regulatory, or
economic means for responding to problems or potential problems
involving the relationship between water and land uses.
Necessary to consider:
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the interrelationships among water, land use and other natural
resources
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the linkages between uplands and downstream areas.
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Watershed Management Practices
• Are those changes in land use, vegetative cover, and
other nonstructural and structural actions taken on a
watershed to achieve watershed management
objectives.
– Nonstructural – vegetation management (soil conservation,
land use planning, …)
– Structural – engineering (building dams, ...)
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Goods and productive services
Goods
Productive services
• Resources and goods of streams
• Flood protection
– Surface water
– Groundwater
– Water energy
• Water treatment and sewerage
– Drinking water
– Service water (industry, agriculture irrigation)
• Protection against
mine water
• Water transport
services
• Drainage of water
through stream
channels
• Fish farming services
– Sewage water
– Products of water treatment and
sewerage (sludge)
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Components and Objectives I.
• Water resources
protection
• Exploitation of water to generation of
electricity, accumulation of water
(hydropower)
• Water transport
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Water resources protection
Exploitation of water to generation
of electricity, accumulation of water
(hydropower)
Water transport
Supply people, industry and
agriculture with water
• Supply people, industry
and agriculture with water
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Components and Objectives II.
•Sewerage of urban areas,
sewage disposal
•Drainage
•Flood protection
•To maintain minimum flows in streams
• Sewerage of urban areas,
sewage disposal
• Drainage
• Flood protection
• To maintain minimum flows in
streams
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Components and Objectives III.
•Urbanism - using of water areas
•Fish farming and fishing
• Urbanism - using of
water areas
• Fish farming and
fishing
• Recreation
Fish ladder
•Recreation
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Water structures
• Reservoirs
• Water paths, water transport
• Flood control structures and measures
• Restoration of streams, banks stabilization
• Landscape structures and measures
• Drainage structures
• Irrigation
• Storage and transportation of water
• Sanitary engineering structures
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Reservoirs
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Water paths –
Water transport
Elbe
(Labe)
Vltava
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Restoration of streams - stabilization of banks
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Horizontal drain basin – golf playground
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Irrigation
Storage and transportation of water
Water towers
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water treatment
sewage disposal plant - Prague
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Actions and activities
• Preventive strategies
– Aimed at preserving existing sustainable LU
practices
– Regulatory support, reinforcement
• Restorative strategies
– Designed to overcome identified problems or
restore conditions to desirable level
– Emergency relief, building of temporary gully control
structures, restricting LU on fragile, eroded lands
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