Transcript POTRZEBY GOSPODARSTW DOMOWYCH JAKO …

Waste or Resource: A Polish
perspective
Magdalena Rybaczewska-Blazejowska
BTU Cottbus
”All people of goodwill should co-operate in the
work towards saving the natural environment.”
John Paul II
Contents
Brief introduction: history profile
Essential information on the MWM in Poland
 Legal foundation
 Municipal waste production
 Municipal waste management
Case study of ”Mazowsze” Company
Educating and informing initiatives
Conclusions
Introduction
How to manage our municipal waste?
Legal foundation
Waste Act of 27th April 2001
Waste - any object that is abandoned or that its holder
seeks to abandon.
Municipal waste - comprises all household wastes as
well as waste coming from other waste producers
that, due to their composition, are similar to waste
arising in households. The term “other waste
producers” encompasses chiefly civic amenity sites,
offices, shops, smaller trading estates and schools.
Waste Act of 27th April 2001
Waste reduction
Re-use
Recycling
and Composting
Energy recovery
Landfilling
Waste management hierarchy
The Second National Environmental
Policy

Harmonisation of the Polish environmental laws with those of the
European Union;

Maintenance of an average level of municipal waste at 300 kg per
capita;

Widening of market mechanisms and the development of
effective economic instruments (cautions, product fees, tax
preference system inspired by the European Union models);

Organisation of an efficient municipal waste selective collection
and recovery system for all secondary materials with utilisation of
best available techniques (BATs);

Creation of comprehensive systems of raw material recovery from
waste; recovery and reuse of at least 50 per cent of paper and
glass by 2010;
Municipal waste production

Approximately 11 million tons of municipal waste is
generated annually in Poland.

75% of the municipal waste is produced in urban
areas.

An estimated 295 kg of municipal waste is produced
yearly per person in Poland, if we convert the level
of municipal waste production into kg per capita per
year.
Source: http://www.stat.gov.pl
Composition of municipal waste
10,9%
5,5%
Metals
Glass
13,4%
Plastics
39,6%
Others
Organics
Paper
8,2%
22,4%
Source: http://www.stat.gov.pl
Municipal waste collection
10 855 thousand tonnes
Commingled MSW
45
145 thousand tonnes
Source-separated MSW
60
25
15
thousand tonnes
Paper
Glass
Source: http://www.eko-pak.com.pl/
Plastics Metals
Municipal waste management
1,8%
1,6%
0,3%
96,3%
Landfilling
Recycling
Composting
Source: http://www.stat.gov.pl
Incineration
Municipal waste management
Population density
(thousand)
over 5000
`4001 - 5000
3001 - 4000
2001 - 3000
1001 - 2000
under 1000
Waste management
recycling
composting
landfilling
Case study: ”Mazowsze” Company
Paper Bring Sites
”Mazowsze” Company
”Konstancin” Ltd.
Company
”Mazowsze” Company
Technology
Economics
100 zl/tonne
250 zl/tonne
18 £/tonne
45 £/tonne
Intensive education and information programmes
are carried out to encourage public participation in
selective collection of municipal waste and to
popularise the usage of products manufactured
from recyclable materials.
The main barrier to the transformation of the
municipal waste management system in
Poland seems to be the lack of awareness and
involvement of the public.
Supply of a good-quality stream of
source-separated municipal waste!
Educating and informing initiatives
Collect paper – Save horses
All colours of recycling
3rd Festival of Recycling – May 2005, Krakow
Educating materials – Malopolskie County
Conclusions
Over the last fifteen years, Poland has
undoubtedly made a great progress in
improving the municipal waste management.
A milestone in the improvement of the municipal waste
management sector in Poland was careful formation of
legal regulations, including the Environmental
Protection Act, the Waste Act, the National Waste
Management Strategy.
Changes in the legislation and availability of national
and the European Union grants have stimulated the
development of new municipal waste infrastructure
and management technologies.
Social acceptance and participation is the weakest point of
the Polish municipal waste system.
Thank you for your
attention!