Transcript Genomic Selection

Use of OPU-IVP and SO at CRV
breeding program in the genomic era
Erik Mullaart and Sybrand Merton
Holland Genetics
Content
Introduction
 Genomic Selection
 Impact on breeding program

Selection procedures
Delta Nucleus breeding program
Application of OPU-IVP and SO
 Insire embryo program

CRV Worldwide
Genetic products of CRV



7 million units of dairy and beef semen
CRV exports semen to over 50 countries
Test program:
 310 Holstein bulls
 60 Red Holstein bulls
 35 Fleckvieh bulls
 35 Jersey bulls
Genomic selection
Which calf received the best genes from
the parents?
Marker selection

In early days: selection on individual genes
(direct or via markers)

Now: selection based on many markers spread
across the whole genome, i.e. selection on all
genetic material
=GENOMIC SELECTION
(or Genomewide Selection)
Genomic Selection,
What does it bring us?

Reliable breeding values at young age
 higher success rate to get top bulls
 lower costs for test proofs
(60,000 markers for ~ € 200)
 shorter generation-interval
Effects of Genomic Selection

Increased genetic improvement (30-40%)

Higher genetic level of test sires and embryo’s

Wider portfolio of commercial bulls & higher level

More outcross; less inbreeding

Availability of packs of elite young sires (InSire)
Impact on breeding program;
selection procedures
Use of GS in selection procedures;
method implemented by CRV

Step 1:
 Genotype proven bulls with reliable
EBVs (reference sires)
 Find markers with an effect on EBVs
 Calculate marker effect for each trait

Step 2:
 Genotype selection candidates
 Calculate GS Breeding Values (GBVs) with the marker
effects
 Select the animals with the highest GBVs
3 full sisters on Delta.
Pedigree ( Oman x Jocko Besne)
Renate
Inet
Raisa
Tot.ext Leg. Inet
Rianne
Tot.ext Leg.
Inet Tot.ext Leg.
EBV
165
109
106
165
109
106
165
109
106
EBV +
213
109
107
178
107
103
145
107
104
217
110
107
173
108
105
132
108
106
234
110
107
176
106
103
120
107
104
merkers
BV after
test
InSire
BV
Impact on breeding program;
Delta nucleus breeding program
16 years of ‘Delta nucleus’


Test heifers 4381
Selected donors 561
Before Genomic Selection

 large number of test heifers per year
 emphasis on independent test
With Genomic Selection.
 limited number of test heifers
 optimal use of reproductive
possibilities
Delta nucleus

Selection of 800 calves


GS selection
After GS-selection 110 donor heifers


MOET en OPU
25 - 30 embryos per heifer
=> 2500 embryos

100 selected heifers tested

Selection of 10 -15 donor cows

ET en OPU
Application of OPU-IVP
and SO
Embryo production

IVP sessions: 2000 / year
 1.6 embryo/ session

SO: 300 / year
 4-5 embryos/ flush
Holland Genetics
Production Logistics




3 x SO at 13-17 months of age: 12 embryos
Inseminate at 17 months
17 x OPU at 18-20 months:
20 embryos
Calving at 26 months
---------------32 embryos
Holland Genetics
Future Production Logistics





2 x SO at 13-15 months of age: 8 embryos
10 x OPU at 16-17 months:
12 embryos
Inseminate at 18 months
17 x OPU at 19-21 months:
20 embryos
Calving at 27 months
---------------40 embryos
Working method: SO










D -12 --- Start protocol FSH 1x
D -11 --- FSH 2x
D -10 --- FSH 2x + Prostaglandin with 5th FSH injection
D - 9 --- FSH 2x + Prostaglandin with 6th FSH injection
D - 8 --- FSH 1x
D - 7 --- Heat + AI (2x 8-12 hr / 16-24 hr)
D - 0 --- Flush + Prostaglandin + Progesterone application
D +12 --- Remove PRID
D +14 --- Heat
D + 23 - D + 28 --- start SO again (D - 12)
Working method: OPU-IVP
Day -1
Ovum Pick Up (OPU)
In vitro maturation (IVM)
Day 0
In vitro fertilization (IVF)
Day 1
Start in vitro culture (IVC)
Day 4
Cleavage evaluation
Day 6
Prognoses embryo production
Day 7
Embryo evaluation (fresh, frozen)
Day 8
Final embryo evaluation (frozen)
Holland Genetics
Working method: OPU




OPU twice a week
(Mo, Thu)
No superstimulation
(para)veterinarian plus assistant
Pregnant heifers and first parity donor cows
Holland Genetics
Working method: IVM

Maturation for 16 - 28 h,
38.5°C, 20% O2

Volume: transport and
maturation in 0.5 ml in tubes
Holland Genetics
Working method: IVF

Semen:
Frozen-thawed
Separation semen and extender by
gradient centrifugation (90% / 45%)

Volume: wells (0.5 ml),

Incubation for 24 h, 38.5 °C, 20%
O2
Holland Genetics
Working method: IVC

Medium: SOFaaBSA

Volume: wells (0.5 ml)

Incubation for 6-8 days, 38.5°C,
5% O2
Holland Genetics
Working method: IVC
Embryos

Day 7 - 8, fresh / frozen

Stage 4 - 9
(Morula - Hatched Blastocyst)

Grade 1 and 2 IETS
Holland Genetics
Working method: Embryo transfer
Recipients

Healthy, fertile recipients
Natural cycling
Day 6, 7, 8 or 9 of estrus cycle
<5% rejected recipients

150 contracted farms



Holland Genetics
Working method: Logistics OPU / IVP






OPU and SO location
Transport COC’s
Central IVP lab
Transport of fresh
embryos
Recipient herds
Farmers
Holland Genetics
Results: pregnancy rates

Fresh IVP embryos:
45% - 55%

Frozen embryos:
IVP 40% - 50%
SO 50% - 60%
Results: Efficiency
OPU-IVP
MOET
9

Oocytes:
8

Cleavage:
5,6 (70%)

Embryo:
1,6 (20%)
5 (55%)

Calf:
0,8 (10%)
3 (33%)
Insire embryo program
Number of InSire-embryos per year

InSire-embryo donors
 Delta test heifers (IVP + SO)
2500
 Delta donor cows (IVP + SO)
500
Total from Delta program = 3000
 Marker selected Bullmothers in West-Europe. (e.g.
France, Germany, Belgium, Denmark and the
Netherlands

Totaal
4000 InSire-embryos
1000
Costs InSire-embryos

InSire-embryos with option € 325,-

InSire-embryos with segment option € 275,-

CRV claims /buy 15-20% of the calves born
male € 1000
female € 3000
Segmentation InSire-embryos

Kg Milk

% Protein

Life span en health

Top exterior
InSire-embryos offered by Internet

1) Random embryo selection (most actual combination)
 Choice of segment ( 4 )
 Embryo price € 275
 IVP fresh , IVP and SO frozen

2) Newest InSire embryos (most actual combination)
 Choice of combination
 Embryo price € 325
 IVP fresh , IVP and SO frozen

3) Available InSire embryos (in stock)
 Embryo price € 325
 IVP and SO frozen
2) Newest InSire embryos (most actual combination)
Benefits to the clients
Win-Win situation

Client InSire embryos:
- Top class calves
for a relative low price

CRV:
- increased genetics of bulls and bull dams against
an acceptable costs
Thank you for your attention!