Transcript SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING & ACADEMIC RESOURCES …

SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING & ACADEMIC RESOURCES COALITION
www.arl.org/sparc
An initiative of the Association of Research Libraries
The Changing Scientific
Information System:
Markets, Open Access,
and New Forms
Scientific Information for Developing Countries: Meeting the Challenge
AAAS CAIP Fall Meeting • Washington, DC • Sept. 22, 2000
Julia C. Blixrud • SPARC Assistant Director, Public Programs
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Current Monopoly Marketplace
www.arl.org/sparc
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Robust supply side
Scarce good - inelastic market
Library acquisitions practices
Faculty expectations
Disjunction between creator/user and
fiscal agent
Barriers to market entry
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Previous Library Strategies in
Response to the Market
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Journal cancellations & reduced
monograph acquisitions.
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Improved document delivery models.
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Cooperative collection development.
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Site licensing of electronic information.
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Increased use of consortia to license
electronic information
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Competition as a Strategy
“If 100 institutions would put up [US]$10,000
each to fund 10 start-up electronic journals that
would compete head to head with the most
expensive scientific and technical journals to
which we subscribe, we would have [US]$1
million annually. . . .
I don’t see any way around the reality that we have
to put the money out in order to make this start
to happen.”
Ken Frazier, May 1997
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SPARC Strategies
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Reduce financial risk through subscription
pledges and marketing support
Work with prestigious societies and
editorial boards
Help raise faculty awareness of issues
Draw authors & editors away from highpriced titles
Help build capacity & scale within notfor-profit sector
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The Effect of Competition
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SPARC Alternatives
Evolutionary Ecology
Research
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www.
evolutionaryecology.com
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Launched by former editor &
editorial board of an established
title
One-third the price of the
competitor (US$272 per year
for Web edition)
Powerful story of scientist
empowerment
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SPARC Scientific Communities
www.earthscape.org
cognet.mit.edu
www.BioOne.org
escholarship.cdlib.org
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New Alternatives, New Partners
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Geoscience journal aggregation
(Geological Society of America,
Columbia University EPIC, SPARC)
EUCLID – mathematics aggregation
(Duke University Press and Cornell
University Library)
Networked Digital Library for Theses and
Dissertations (www.ndltd.org)
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Open Archives Initiative (OAi)
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Preprint server interests
Santa Fe meeting
Agreement on interoperability
Harvesting protocol
Mediator services
Metadata harvesting
Document models
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Creating Change
www.createchange.org
Sponsored by the Association of
Research Libraries, Association of
College and Research Libraries,
and SPARC with support from the
Gladys Krieble Delmas Foundation
 Shift control of scholarly
publication back to
scholars
 Influence scholarly
publishers to abide by
friendly pricing policies
 Create alternatives to
commercial scholarly
publications
 Foster changes in faculty
peer review system
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