Transcript Current Status of and Future Directions for Statistics on

Current Status of and Future
Directions for Statistics on
Women, Work and Poverty
Joann Vanek
Director of Statistics
Women in Informal Employment: Globalising and
Organising (WIEGO)
Key findings on women, work and
poverty from WIEGO’s analysis of
data for several countries for
UNIFEM/ UNDP/ILO Progress of
the World’s Women 2005
Key findings - 1
• There are multiple dimensions of gender
inequality – in terms of both segmentation,
average earnings, and poverty risk - among
workers including:
• between formal/informal employment
• across employment statuses
• within given employment statuses
Key findings - 2
• Women are concentrated in the more
precarious forms of employment with low
earnings
Key findings - 3
• But poverty rates are also often lower
among women, compared to men, within a
particular employment category - this is
because the poverty rate (i.e., likelihood of
being from a poor household) depends on
whether the woman is a secondary, primary,
or single earner.
Key findings - 4
• Understanding employment/poverty
linkages requires analysis of individual
employment status and earnings,
household income and intra-household
dynamics
FRAMEWORK FOR BACKGROUND INDICATOR - MDG # 3
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE
STRUCTURE OF EMPLOYMENT
Row
0
Share in total employment (Both sexes = 100.0 %)
1
Total Employment
2
Agricultural Employment
2.1
2.2
2.3
Own-account workers, employers & members of
producers’ cooperatives
Contributing family workers (informal)
Employees
2.3.1 Formal
2.3.2 Informal
3
Non-Agricultural Employment
3.1
Own-account workers, employers & members of
producers’ cooperatives
3.1.1 Formal
3.1.2 Informal
Contributing family workers (informal)
Non-domestic employees
3.3.1 Formal
3.3.2 Informal
Domestic employees
3.4.1 Formal
3.4.2 Informal
Formal Non-Agricultural Employment
(3.1.1 + 3.3.1 + 3.4.1)
Informal Non-Agricultural Employment
(3.1.2 + 3.2 + 3.3.2 + 3.4.2)
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.I
3.II
Women
Men
%
100.0%
%
100.0%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
Future Directions for Gender
Statistics
• Employment: map the labour force by formal/informal,
status in employment, agriculture/non-agriculture and sex
• Earnings: develop statistics on earnings of the selfemployed as well as wage-employed
• Poverty: go beyond female-headed households to look at
the poverty risk (i.e. likelihood of being from a poor
household) associated with different categories of
employment by sex
• Time use: provide a comprehensive view of all forms of
work - both market and non-market - to shed light on the
linkages between the two and the family division of labour