Transcript Slide 1

NATIONAL ENERGY SITUATION AND
STUDY OF BIOMASS POTENTIAL FOR
SUSTAINABLE
ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
INDONESIAN CASE
Aryadi Suwono
Professor of Mechanical Engineering
Energy Conversion Research Group
Institute Technology of Bandung
Makuhari, Oct 13, 2006
OUTLINE
• INDONNESIAN ENERGY SITUATION AND POLICY
• STUDY ON BIOMASS ENERGY POTENSIAL FOR
ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION
INDONNESIAN
ENERGY SITUATION AND POLICY
ENERGY DATA UPDATE
TYPE ENERGY
SOURCE
THEORETICAL
RESOURCE
PROVEN
RESERVE
PRODUCTION
RES/PROD
RATIO
Oil
86.9 billion barrels
5.8 billion barrels
0.5 billion barrels/year
11 Years
Natural Gas
384.7 TSCF
90 TSCF
2.9 TSCF/year
30 Years
Coal
50 billion tones
5
0.1 billion tones/year
50 Years
TYPE OF ENERGY
SOURCE
THEORETICAL
RESOURCE
billion tones
EQUIVALENT
UTILIZATION
Hydro
75,670 MW
845 Millions BOE
6,851 GWh
Geothermal
27,000 MW
219 Million BOE
2,593.5 GWh
Mini/Micro hydro
INSTALLED
CAPACITY
4,200 MW
800 MW
712 MW
206 MW
Biomass
49,810 MW
302 MW
Solar
4.8 kWh/m2/day
Wind
9,287 MW
5 MW
0.5 MW
BALANSE OF FOSSIL ENERGY
PETROLEUM 2004 (MBOEPD)
EKSPOR
PRODUKSI
514
1125
PASOKAN
DALAM NEGERI
611
NATURAL GAS 2004 (BSCFPD)
EKSPOR
PRODUKSI
4.88
8.35
DOMESTIK
3.47
COAL 2004 (MILLION JUTA TON PER YEAR)
EKSPOR
PRODUKSI
131,72
92,50
DOMESTIK
32,91
IMPOR
487
OIL REFINERY AND TRANSPORTATION
THAILAND
Manila
LAOS
Transit Terminal
Bangkok
CAMBODIA
Ban Mabtapud
Phnom Penh
Philipines
Ho Chi Minh
City
Songkhla
Lhokseumawe
Bangkot
Jerneh
Kota Kinibalu
Guntong
Penang
Kerteh
P. Brandan: 5 MBOPD
WEST
MALAYSIA
Port Klang
Medan
Oil Refinery
Sea
Lawit
Banda Aceh
Tanker
China
Erawan
Khanon
Pipeline Distributi
South
VIETNAM
West
Natuna
Duyong
Mogpu
Natuna
Alpha
BRUNEI
Bandara Seri Begawan
Kuala Lumpur
Bintulu
EAST
MALAYSIA
Port Dickson
Dumai
Dumai : 120 MBOPD
Duri
SINGAPORE
Ternate
Bintan
Batam
Bontang
Attaka
Tunu
Bekapai
KALIMANTAN Samarinda
Padang
Balikpapan
Jambi
HALMAHERA
Sorong
Kasim : 10 MBOPD
Balikpapan : 260 MBOPD
SULAWESI
S.Pakning : 50 MBOPD
Grissik
Pacific
Manado
Kuching
Musi 135.20 MBOPD
Palembang
Banjarmasin
BURU
IRIA
SERAM
Ujung Pandang
Jakarta
Bandung
TOTAL REFINERY CAPACITY
I Pagerungan
N D O N E S I A 1,057,000 BOPD
Balongan : 125 MBOPD
Semarang Cepu : 3.80 MBOPD
MADURA
Bangkalan
J A V A Surabaya
Cilacap: 348 MBOPD
Yogyakarta
Indian Ocean
SUMBAWA
FLORES
BALI
LOMBOK
SUMBA
TIMOR
AUSTRALIA
NATURAL GAS RESERVE AND PIPING
THAILAND
Manila
LAOS
Bangkok
CAMBODIA
Ban Mabtapud
Phnom Penh
Philipines
Ho Chi Minh
City
Songkhla
Lawit
Planned Pipelin
Jerneh
Kota Kinibalu
Guntong
Penang
Lhokseumawe
Kerteh
WEST
MALAYSIA
728
Port Klang
Medan
China
Bangkot
3,896
Banda Aceh
Existing Pipelin
Sea
Erawan
Khanon
South
VIETNAM
West
Natuna
Duyong
Mogpu
Natuna
BRUNEI
Bandara Seri Begawan
Kuala Lumpur
52,081
Port Dickson
Dumai
Duri
Alpha
31,814
TRAN
Ternate
Bintan
Bontang LNG Plant
& Export Terminal
KALIMANTAN
Padang
Samarinda
Balikpapan
14,260
Palembang
14,782
Sorong
3,654
SULAWESI
Banjarmasin
BURU
5,190
Cirebon
IRIA
SERAM
Ujung Pandang
Ardjuna Fields
Jakarta
HALMAHERA
Attaka
Tunu
Bekapai
Jambi
Grissik
Pacific
Manado
Kuching
SINGAPORE
Batam
3,220
Bintulu
EAST
MALAYSIA
Semarang
4,289 MADURA
JAVA
Surabaya
0,11
Indian Ocean
I Pagerungan
N D O N E S I A
Bangkalan
BALI
SUMBAWA
FLORES
LOMBOK
SUMBA
TOTAL RESERVES
2P : 134,015.5 BSCF
TIMOR
Resources
3,00
AUSTRALIA
GAS RESERVE 2P (BSCF)
TRANS ASEAN GAS PIPELINE (TAGP)
MYANMAR
LAOS
LEGENDS
CHINA
Existing Pipeline
Future Pipline
Possible Interrconnections
THAILAND
Philippine Sea
CAMBODIA
VIETNAM
Gulf of
Thailand
Andaman
Sea
PHILIPPINES
South China Sea
5
Straits of
Malacca 6
2
3
PACIFIC OCEAN
4
Celebes Sea
1
MALAYSIA
INDONESIA
INDONESIA
Java Sea
Banda Sea
INDIAN OCEAN
Trans-ASEAN Interconnections
1. Dumai to Malacca
2. West Natuna to Duyong
3. East Natuna to Bangkok via Duyong and
Bongkot
4. East Natuna to Luzon via Brunei
5. Block B to Bangkok via Bongkot
6. Pauh to Arun
COAL RESERVE AND TERMINAL
MAXIMUM HANDLING CAPACITY (DWT)
Tanjung Redep* 5.000
Tanjung Bara 200.000
B l o r o* 8.000
Loa Tebu* 8.000
COAL RESERVE (%)
THERETICAL = 58 BILLION TON
PROVEN
= 6.9 billion ton
MEASURED = 12.4 billion ton
TOTAL
= 19.3 billion ton
R/P
= 147 years
Balikpapan 60.000
Tanah Merah 20.000
5.0
9.3
12.2
KALIMANTAN
10.6
55.1
IRIAN J
SULAWESI
JAVA
Tarahan 40.000
Pulau Baai 35.000
Kertapati 10.000
Teluk Bayur 35.000
Catatan :
* River Terminal
North Pulau Laut 150.000
IBT – 70.000
Sembilang* 7.500
Air Tawar* 7.500
Banjarmasin* 10.000
South Pulau Laut
S a t u i* 5.000
Kelanis* 10.000
200.000
ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISION GRID
THAILAND
Manila
LAOS
Bangkok
CAMBODIA
Ban Mabtapud
Philipines
Bangkot
Jerneh
Kota Kinibalu
Guntong
Penang
Lhokseumawe
Kerteh
WEST
MALAYSIA
Port Klang
Medan
Power Plant
Sea
Lawit
Banda Aceh
China
Erawan
Songkhla
Planned Transm
VIETNAM
Ho Chi Minh
City
Khanon
Existing Transm
South
Phnom Penh
West
Natuna
Duyong
Mogpu
Natuna
Alpha
BRUNEI
Bandara Seri Begawan
Kuala Lumpur
Bintulu
EAST
MALAYSIA
Port Dickson
Dumai
Duri
SINGAPORE
Bintan
Batam
Total Sumatera : 3,200 MW
Ternate
Total Kalimantan : 800Bontang
MW
HALMAHERA
Sorong
Attaka
Tunu
Bekapai
KALIMANTAN Samarinda
Padang
Pacific
Manado
Kuching
Balikpapan
Total Sulawesi : 650 MW
Jambi
SULAWESI
Grissik
Banjarmasin
Palembang
IRIA
BURU
SERAM
Ujung Pandang
Jakarta
Semarang
JAVA
I Pagerungan
N D O N E S I A
MADURA
Surabaya
Total Jawa Bali : 18,500 MW
Indian Ocean
Bangkalan
BALI
SUMBAWA
TOTALCAPACITY
24,000 MW
FLORES
LOMBOK
SUMBA
TIMOR
AUSTRALIA
ROADMAP OF NUCLEAR ENERGY DEVELOPEMENT 2000-2025
Establishment
“Owner”
Sosializatio
of NPP
2000
Energy
Planning with
Inclusion of
Nuclear
Energy
Konstruksi
PLTN-2
Tender
NPP 3&4
Tender
NPP 1&2
2005
Decission
Go for NPP
Konstruksi
PLTN-4
Operate
NPP-4
Operate
NPP-2
2010
Erection
NPP-1
2015
2020
2025
Operate
NPP-3
Operate
NPP-1
Erection
NPP-3
TARGET OF NATIONAL ENERGY MIX IN 2025
ENERGI (PRIMER) MIX NASIONAL TAHUN 2003
Gas bumi
26.5%
Batubara
14.1%
PLTA
3.4%
Panas bumi
1.4%
EBT Lainnya
0.2%
ENERGI MIX NASIONAL TAHUN 2025
(SKENARIO BaU)
ENERGI MIX NASIONAL TAHUN 2025
(SKENARIO OPTIMALISASI)
Minyak bumi
54.4%
Batubara
34.6%
PLTMH 0.216%
PLTA
1.9%
Biofuel 1.335%
Batubara 32.7%
Tenaga surya 0.020%
Panas bumi
1.1%
Gas bumi
20.6%
PLTMH
0.1%
OPTIMALISASI
PENGELOLAAN
ENERGI
PLTA 2.4%
Panas bumi 3.8%
Other 4.4%
Tenaga angin 0.028%
Fuel cell 0.000%
Biomassa 0.766%
Gas bumi 30.6%
Nuklir 1.993%
Minyak bumi 26.2%
Minyak bumi
41.7%
STUDY ON BIOMASS ENERGY
POTENSIAL FOR ELECTRICAL POWER
GENERATION
BACKGROUND
• Increasing demand of electricity, presently electrification ratio
0.53
• Need for decreasing the consumption of fossil fuel
• High potentially available renewable energy sources:
• Approx. 160.000 MW (excluding solar energy)
• Only 5200 MW has been utilized
• Approx. 45.000 MW biomass energy potential
• Willingness of Indonesian Government and PLN to utilize the
renewable energy sources
POTENTIAL OF NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES IN INDONESIA
NO
ENERGY SOURCES
POTENTIAL
INSTALLED
CAPACITY
%
1
Hydro (Incl. small
scale)
75.450 MW
4.264 MW ± 5,6 %
2
Geothermal
20.000 MW
802 MW ± 4,1 %
3
Alternative Energy
Equivalent
50.000 MW
302 MW
Solar
4,8 kWh/m2/day
Equivalent
± 5 MW
Wind
Equivalent
450 MW
Equivalent
± 0,5 MW
Biomass
Sea wave
10 – 35 MW per
Km coast length
PLN FUTURE PLAN
Tonny Agus, Deputy Director for Primary Energy, Workshop on Biomass for
Sustainable Electric Power Generation, March 1, 2005
1. To empower current PLN renewable energy generator
2. To build renewable energy power plant based on current
studis
3. To construct commercially potential renewable energy
map
4. To study the renewable energy feasibility, technically and
economically, to replace fossil fuel energy
5. To look for economically funding source
RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT POLICY
Tonny Agus, Deputy Director for Primary Energy, Workshop on Biomass for
Sustainable Electric Power Generation, March 1, 2005
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No.1122
K/30/MEM/2002 about Small Scale Power Plant (up to 1000
kW) has already been published -- updated to 15 MW
Developer has to fulfill technical and operational requirement
of local PLN
If future development location has already been studied by
PLN, further discussion with fair partnership spirit has to be
held
PLN is supporting the developer which will develop the small
scale power plant potential as long as fulfilling the technical
and operational requirement of PLN
It is preferable for PLN that the capacity can be flexibly
increased, for example from 1000 kW to 10.000 kW
The consequence is that the Ministry Regulation may be
revised.
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Regulation No. 1122.K/30/MEM/2002
About Small Scale Power Plant (scattered PSK)
Operator
: Small scale business (as shown in UU No.9, 1995 )
Energy Sources : Renewable Energy (wind, sun, mini/micro hydro, waste,
geothermal, etc.)
Capacity
: max. 1 MW/power plant ------ currently is updated to 15 MW
Location
: reachable by PLN network on medium/low voltage (on-grid)
Electric power selling price as shown in paragraph 13 Ministry of Energy and
Mineral Resources Decree No. 1122.K/30/MEM/2002, are :
a. 0.8 times HPP medium voltage if interconnected to Medium Voltage Network
b. 0.6 times HPP low voltage if interconnected to Low Voltage Network
STUDY ON BIOMASS AS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
FOR ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Survey on Biomass
Energy Potential
Workshop: Inputs
from related
institutions
Output:
Biomass Energy map
Evaluation on
financial assistant
scheme
Evaluation on
Biomass Utilization
Technology
Data and
information
Collection
Comparative Study
Analysis
Design requirement
of Biomass Power
Generation plant
(PLTBM)
Business Plan of
PLTBM
Policy and
Regulation Required
Data base for FS
Coconut waste
Rice waste
Oil palm
Sugar cane waste
Wood waste
Total biomass potential
Potential of electricity from biomass
Highest of biomass for electricity
Highest of biomass for electricity
Comparison of Exisiting Electric Power Generation and Biomass Electric Energy Potential
Potensi Pembangkitan Listrik Biomassa
Pembangkitan Listrik PLN 2002
70000
60000
50000
GWh
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
Maluku
Papua
Bali NTB NTT
Sulaw esi
Kalimantan
Sumatera
Jaw a
Comparison of Existing Install Capacity and Biomass Electric Energy Potential
Potensi Kapasitas Listrik Biomassa
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTA 2002
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTGU 2002
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTD 2002
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTG 2002
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTU 2002
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTP 2002
6000
5000
MW
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
Maluku
Papua
Bali NTB NTT
Sulaw esi
Kalimantan
Sumatera
Jaw a
THANK YOU