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CM30062-2 Mobile Communications Mobile Computing Justin Champion C208 Ext 3273 [email protected] www.staffs.ac.uk/personal/engineering_and_technology/jjc1 Mobile Computing Contents Introduction to the course • Teaching Staff • Teaching Format • Assignment Deadline Look at Mobile computing • Who is using it • Who drives the technology • Problems with the devices Mobile Computing Objective of the course Allow you to understand the current marketplace • Once you understand informed decisions can be made Options for connection to the wireless world Diversity of current applications and devices • Understand the direction which next generation devices are going Mobile Computing Teaching Staff for the Module Module Leader • Kelvin Hilton ([email protected]) Room K325 Teaching staff • Justin Champion ([email protected]) Room C208 (Engineering Block) • Carolin Bauer ([email protected]) Mobile Computing Assessment An Individual report and presentation • To be handed in on the 1st of April 2004 • Details of this will be given in a future tutorial Regular assignment surgeries will be held for issues to be discussed and clarified Examination • This will take place during the normal faculty examination period Mobile Computing Teaching Format 2 Lectures a week • Blue Lecture Theatre • D115 (Beacon Building) 2 Tutorials • Please attend the tutorial that you are allocated If this is a problem then contact a member of the teaching staff Mobile Computing Mobile Computing Mobile Computing Consider what Mobile computing actually is It is more than a laptop connected to a phone network Which part is actually mobile • The device Tracking systems on cars Allows connection at any time, anywhere • The user Allowing access to essential information Email, Internet, Virtual LAN Available anywhere anytime, anyone ??? Mobile Computing When would use different types of mobile technology This table considers a Laptop and a business man Mobile Wireless Fixed At work In a hotel In an historic building At some stage they will use all methods of connecting to gain information • The challenge is to integrate all of these technologies • The best one being chosen at the best time Mobile Computing Definitions of Wireless • Data communication over an air interface, no roaming support • Example would be Wi-Fi Mobile • Data communications over an air interface with support for the device roaming • Example would be GPRS Fixed • Wired infrastructure • Examples are Ethernet, ATM Mobile Computing Biggest problem with Mobile communications like the Internet is too many acronyms WSP/B PDC POS CCIR BW UPT BSS MCC FHSS HIPERLAN IFS FIB SNDCP S-SAP WWW MSISD N LAI PDA ATIM CW DVB-T ICMP PSN TTL HEC GIF LAPD CSCW ISO ITU LED CCH CDMA PA ITU-R PDN IEEE IrDA AIDCS CAC HTML CC NDC CCA SNACK IMF JPEG HDTP DPCH HDB HO GWL CC XOR TD-CDMA JDC ISI RTT CTS BCA GTP SIM MMF CEPT SCPAS-TP SFD UBR DPCCH SDM PTP-CLNS RL URI PHS TLLI MOT CU UIM PPP AIB MNC WRC IMT-MC WSP WAP ATM-CL LBR PMA TCH/F M-PNNI HCSAP EMAS EIRP CATV DNS V+D FW CSMA DSL FSK PLL AESA CSMA/CD VC DH HDLC TI RAS MN SDP DVTR CORBA GEO EDTV HMQoS TCH/FS HEO PAD HO-HMPDU SAP SDMA WML EHF HIB FEC FIC TC-HMPDU VDB AID ACT FR PRACH AFS CIF LI PACS RIP Loc AGCH ASA IWF BLIR TR-SAP UDP SCF IMT-FT Cnf ISDN HTTP BPSK TFO ESS RTT TMN MSRN SN PDO GMSC SIG CN HDTV AUS TUSSD CT SMS DFWMAC DHCP BSC KID ROM ETSI ISM QPSK UTRA GRE TM Req DVB-S FPLMTS CCCH ISL MUL DC COFDMOSI AM DVB RTR SEQN COMS RSS PS PM TOS PC DAB PCS LS RSA RRM CN TE IS XML LF SS7 M-NNI HI T-SAP COA VCC PTP CS PTM WMLScript MTSA BLIRCS RR IMSI DAMA RAND MIB GMM PCH RA NSS LIR SH SDT BSSAP SAAL MATM WTLS TIM FT JCT PDTCH GFSK D-AMPS CDM PCM CSD SW UMTS IV PSK STA RIB EMAS-E MSDU TA RFC CLMS IR NMT RLP ACID TINA DQPSK TFI GPRS PACS-UB VHF PT ABR NSA WCAC NTSC EY- PMA TMSI TDT WDP CPU HMPDU SDU PLW DVB-C HAD CSMA/CA ACL MOC MACA Disassoc TDM LAN DPDCH PLMN DLC QAM EIR AuC HID RM DA PLCP CM SNAP LOS CAC VNDC UHF WCMP L2CAP ARIB MSK ECDH TETRA PHY DSDV HA TCH/H ASCII SRES WTA GSN CRC W3C PAL BRAN PSTN MEO MCM CKSN CVSD I-TCP SUMR HSCSD LC RT POTS HDACS TTC ASK FDMA T-TCP VBR-rt LRU BER DIFS BSS PPG HDML EDGE PRMA MSC NA-TDMA BFSK SDTV TCP GMSK MS VPN NAT AMA SCO IMT-DS HF HCPDU USIM TCH/HS DS GPS CGI PLI WIM SDCCH NMAS MCI IMT-TCCPM OFDM TIB ANSI BCCH ASP NFS ITU-T SFN TFTS WMT MHEG ATM NIB RLC WAN SGSN DECT PMD WTAI FCCH FM CAMEL FA COS QoS UE PI TDD SCDMA LMP ARQN DCS VLR SATM VBR-nrt HM ACK SwMI FACCH DCCH LAPDm AK-HCPDU DT-HCPDU WLAN SHF VAD SIFS WLL RA MSC PSF W-CTRL GP FDD UWC BSSGP BCH MT ID SMRIB UTRAN NNI PIFS GGSN HCSDU IMT OMC AAL WTP DCF SCH FCA PDU IN IMT-SC SA PSPDN GERAN GSM EDGE RAN M-UNI DSR TCH MAC RNS BMP OSS W-CDMA SCPS AMES IP WATM SC Auth SEC-SAP MF MS CBR NRL DSMA DBPSK 3GPP HC TDMA ML MTC NAV AP M-TCP MBS PTP- ONS SC UD TSF PDF GSM ADSL UNI LEO MSAP PIN FDM PCF SSL BTSM ISMA VLF OTA ADA SACCH DSSS RACH PUK PPM SAMA MM LAPC IOT PAD RTS Res ICO DTIM HBR CD TLS VBR DVD MSIN HCQoS LA DDIB SS PNNI CIDR DTMF MSC EIT IMEI Codec UP ARQ UN ILR WAE IETF CDV Assoc HP DCA MH CDPD GAP LLC BTS LM B-ISDN HLR M-QoS TPC TV WPAN SI RAL GR WP-CDMA AMPS NIT BLI MPEG VHE PCS CCF Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Nomadic User Lone Wolf Consumers Intelligent Locations Emergency Services Utilities Disaster Relief Supermarkets Early Warning Systems Games Military Vehicle Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Nomadic Users • • • • • • • • Executives, Sales Persons, etc Using Notebook, Laptop, PDA Infrequent connectivity Main processing offline Access to personalised data (messages, calendar) Corporate Data Network resources such as printing, fax Low-tech user therefore simplified connection No sophisticated set-up • Moderate tolerance of multiple hardware requirements Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Lone Wolves • Remote locations • • • • Explorers Scientists Travellers Journalists Positioning data Weather notifications Messaging News, event reports Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Consumers • • • • • • • • • • Smart Phone technology (PDA/MS convergence) Voice & video calls Instant messaging, email Location based services (LBS) Games Info/Entertainment Retailing Personalisation (ring tones, logos) Push & Pull services Again, unsophisticated less tolerant of multiple hardware requirements Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Emergency Services • Police Traffic control Offender data Incident reports Crime scene investigation • Fire Hazardous material data Building schematics • Ambulance Pre-arrival patient data transfer In-situ patient data access • Real-time routing • Cross-service coordination Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Vehicles Mobile Computing Who is using this technology now Games • High-end handsets support Java gaming • Convergence between gaming platforms and mobile communication • Next generation mobile console could be mobile enabled Cybiko Extreme! • Ad-Hoc networks for multi-player games Nokia’s N-Game using Bluetooth • Location based gaming Mobile Computing Who is Driving this technology Military usage • What they are using will become available to us at a later stage • They are using wireless communications Real-time feedback for the battlefield Movement of intelligence Satellite photographs provided to the commanders in the field Intelligent Minefields • “The mines will communicate with each other and will move until they all agree on best positions. If some mines are destroyed they will reconfigure and use joint intelligence to decide when to explode” • (Alschuter. T, 2002, “Self Healing Minefield”, DARPA, http://www.darpa.mil/DARPATech2002/presentations/ato_pdf/speeches/A LTSCHUL.pdf) • Real-time status of personnel and the requesting of medical evacuation Mobile Computing Who is Driving this technology What we are now looking at for 3G technology • The military have been using for 30 years The communications were secure if the sequence was not known Difficult to jam the entire signal Is not effected by limited signal degradation Mobile Computing What is a wireless device Sensors, Embedded controllers Palmtop - Compact keyboards - Good graphics - Faster processing - Reasonable Storage Mobile phone - Voice, text, data - Limited displays - Limited interface - Limited expansion Performance and size Pagers - text only - receive only PDA - Limited browsing - Reasonable graphics - Character recognition - May contain mobile / wireless hardware - Stylus based interface - Reasonable expansion - Often Infrared enabled Notebook - Fully functional - OS not specifically designed for mobile use Mobile Computing Problems with mobile computing Energy consumption • Radio transmission has high energy consumption Energy availability • How long does your device remain operable? Does it depend on whether you use it! Limitation/omission of moving parts (ie disk drives, keyboards) Limited/expensive expansion (eg, Compact Flash) Limited User Interfaces • Size vs usability • Voice recognition, stylus, soft input Loss off data • Less reliable technology (particularly power) • Theft Thieves are now targeting users of these device because they are desirable and will be easily sold on Mobile Computing Summary of what was discussed today Looked at • • • • • Teaching staff Teaching format What is a mobile device Who is using this technology Problems with these devices