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29 CFR 1910 Subpart H
Hazardous Materials
1910.101
Compressed gases
(general requirements)
"Compressed gas" means:
2.3…any material or mixture of gases having in a
container either an
absolute pressure
exceeding 40 psi at 70 deg. F. or
an absolute pressure exceeding 104
psi at 130 deg. F or both or
any liquid flammable material having a
Reid vapor pressure exceeding 40 psi
absolute at 100 deg. F
See other definitions at 49 CFR 173.115
29 CFR 1910.1200
Compressed gas cylinder types
Comparative sizes
High Pressure
Low Pressure
Compressed gas cylinder types
High
Low Acetylene Cryogenic
Fusable
Plug
> 900
PSIG
Vapor
..
Porous
Mass
AR
O2
H2
N2
< 900
PSIG
CO2
CL2
NO2
Fusable
Plug
Acetone
Solvent
42%
Volume
. .
Very
Very
Cold
Liquid
Acetylene cylinders
Fusable
Plug
..
Porous
Mass
Acetone
Solvent
42%
Volume
Fusable
Plug
. .
The decomposition characteristics
of acetylene gas are avoided:
• By providing a porous mass
packing material with minute
cellular spaces
• No pockets of appreciable size
remain where “free” acetylene in
gaseous form can collect
• This porous mass is saturated
with acetone, or other suitable
solvent, in which the gaseous
acetylene actually dissolves
Acetylene cylinders
Fusable
Plug
..
These two features – porous filler and
solvent
Allows acetylene to be contained at
moderate pressure without
danger of explosive decomposition
Porous
Mass
Maximum cylinder
pressure is 250
PSIG at 70 degrees F. with a variation
Acetone
Solvent
42%
Volume
Fusable
Plug
. .
of about 2.5 PSI rise or fall for each
degree rise or fall in temperature
Do not exceed 15 PSI pressure
on free acetylene
OSHA STANDARDS
29 CFR 1910 General Industry
Specific OSHA regulations
applying to compressed
gas cylinders
1910.253 Oxygen-fuel gas
welding and cutting
1910.101 Compressed gases
101(a) Inspection of compressed
gas cylinders
•
Each employer shall
determine that
compressed gas
cylinders under his
control are in a safe
condition to the extent
that this can be
determined by visual
inspection...
Compressed
gas industry
safety
information
directs end
users to
examine
any
cylinders
received
Gas suppliers advise end
users to
• Check cylinders as
they are received
• Verify that labels,
tags and shipping
papers are appropriate
• Reject and return
cylinders with obvious
damage
• Determine that required
caps and plugs are
in place
1910.101 - Compressed gases
General requirements
(a) Inspection of
compressed gas
cylinders…
…visual and other
inspections (per
DOT 49 CFR 171 –
179 and CGA C-6
& C- 8)
Applicable to
Suppliers
and
distributors
filling compressed
gas
cylinders
Compressed Gas Association Inc.
CGA C-6 1968
3.2.6 - Bulges
Cylinders are manufactured with
reasonably symmetrical shape. Cylinder which have definite
bulges shall be removed from service
Bulged cylinder wall
failure
Compressed Gas Association Inc.
CGA C-6 1968
5.3.7 - Fire Damage
Cylinders shall be carefully
inspected for evidence of
exposure to fire
Charring or burning of paint
Burning or scarfing of the metal
Distortion of the cylinder
Melted out fuse plugs
Burning or melting of valve
Cylinder burst
after fire
exposure
Burn
Gouge with
deposit of weld
metal
Gouge
Cut
Reducing wall
thickness increasing
stress
General
corrosion with
pitting reducing
cylinder
strength
101(b) "Compressed
gases."
The in-plant handling,
storage, and utilization of all
compressed gases in cylinders,
portable tanks, rail tankcars, or
motor vehicle cargo tanks shall
be in accordance with
Compressed Gas
Association
Pamphlet P-1-1965,
which is incorporated by
reference as specified in Sec.
1910.6
• 1910.101(b)
• The in-plant handling
storage and utilization of all
compressed gases in
cylinders…shall be in
accordance with
Compressed Gas
Association
• Pamphlet P-1 1965...
This includes
most
industrial and
commercial
facilities
Pamphlet P - 1 1965
Section 3.1 General
3.1.14
Never tamper with
the safety relief devices
in valves or cylinders
3.1.15
Never attempt to
repair or to alter
cylinders, valves, or
safety relief devices.
Section 3.1 General
Never use
cylinders as rollers,
3.1.16
supports, or for any
purpose other than to
contain the content as
received
Big &
heavy
Section 3.1 General
3.1.17
Keep cylinder
valve closed at all
times, except when the
cylinder is in active use.
3.1.18
Notify owner of
cylinder if any condition
has occurred which might
permit any foreign
substance to enter the
cylinder or valve giving
details and cylinder serial
number.
Section 3.1 General
3.1.19
Do not place cylinders where
they might become part of
an electric circuit.
When the cylinders are used
in conjunction with electric
welding, precautions
must be taken against
accidentally grounding
compressed gas cylinders
and allowing them to be
burned by electric welding
arc.
Insulator
Section 3.2 Moving Cylinders
• Caps in place
• Lifting
• Dropping
• Lifting with
magnets
• Dragging
Section 3.2 Moving Cylinders
3.2.2
Do not lift cylinders
by the cap.
3.2.3
Never drop
cylinders nor permit them
to strike against each other
or against other surfaces
violently.
Concrete
Electro-magnet
3.2.4
Never handle
a cylinder with a lifting
magnet.
3.2.5
Avoid
dragging or sliding
cylinders.
Section 3.2 Moving Cylinders
3.2.6
Use suitable hand
truck, fork truck, roll
platform or similar
device with
cylinder firmly
secured for
transporting and
unloading.
!
3.3 Storing Cylinders
• Local Regs
• Posting
• Separation
(different types)
• Separation
(charged & empty)
• Storage rooms
• Highly flammable
substances
• Avoid dampness
• Protection of
cylinders
• Care of cylinders
?
3.3 Storing Cylinders
3.3.6
Do not store
cylinders near
highly flammable
substances such
as oil, gasoline or
waste.
Fire is a
threat to
containment!
MEK
3.3
Storing Cylinders
3.3.8
Protect
cylinders from
any object that will
produce a cut or
other abrasion in
the surface of the
metal….
?
3.3
Storing Cylinders Cont’d
3.3.8….
Do not store
cylinders near
elevators or
gangways, or in
locations where
heavy moving
objects may
strike or fall on
them….
?
At gas manufacturers and
distributors not user work
sites, proper nesting is
considered safe storage by the
compressed gas industry.
Proper nesting
supports all
cylinders by
contact at
three points
?
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
•
•
•
•
Handling
Identification
Removing cap
Properly
supported
• Pressure
regulating
devices
• Connections
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
3.4.2
If cylinder content is not identified
by marking, return cylinder to the
supplier without using.
I’m not
labeled!
!
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
3.4.4
Before using a
cylinder,
be sure it is
properly
supported
to prevent it from
being knocked
over.
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
3.4.5
Suitable
pressure
regulating
devices must
be used in all
cases where gas
is admitted to
systems having
pressure rating
limitations lower
than the cylinder
pressure.
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
3.4.6
Never force
connections
that do not fit.
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
3.4.7
Where compressed gas cylinders are
connected to a manifold, such a manifold
and its related equipment, such as regulators,
must be of proper design.
A – Line valve
B – Release valve
C – Filler plug
D – Header pipe
E - Regulator
H
F – Flash arrestor chamber
G – Escape pipe
H – Cylinder
connection pipe
J – Check valve
and drain plug
K – Acetylene cylinders
G
A
E
D
K
B
K
F
C
J
Stationary acetylene cylinder manifold and other equipment
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
3.4.8 Regulators, gages,
hoses and other
appliances provided
for use with a
particular gas or group
of gases must not be
used on cylinders
containing gases
having different
chemical
properties unless
information obtained
from the supplier
indicates that this can
be done safely.
Acetylene
regulator and
oxygen cylinders
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
• 3.4.9
• Open cylinder valve slowly. Point the
valve opening away from yourself and
other persons.
• Never use wrenches or tools except
those provided or approved by the gas
manufacturer.
• Avoid the use of a wrench on valves
equipped with handwheels.
• Never hammer the valve wheel in
attempting to open or close the valve.
• For valves that are hard to open, or
frozen because of corrosion, contact the
supplier for instructions.
3.4 Withdrawing Cylinder Content
• 3.4.11 Never use compressed
gases where the cylinder is apt
to be contaminated by the
feedback of process materials
unless protected by suitable
traps or check valves.
• 3.4.13 Before a regulator is
removed from a cylinder, close
the cylinder valve and release
all pressure from the regulator.
3.5
Flammable Gases
Indoor cylinder storage
•
•
•
•
Fuel
Gas
Well protected
Well ventilated
Dry
Twenty feet
from
flammable or
combustible
materials
20 Feet
O
x
y
g
e
n
3.5
Flammable Gases
3.5.1
Do not store
cylinders near highly
flammable solvents,
combustible waste material
and similar substances, or
near unprotected electrical
connections, gas flames or
other sources of ignition.
3.5
Flammable Gases
3.5.2
Never use a flame to detect flammable gas
leaks.
Use soapy water.
3.5
Flammable Gases
3.5.3
Do not store reserve stocks of cylinders
containing flammable gases with cylinders
containing oxygen.
Fuel
Gas Fuel
Gas
O
x
y
g
e
n
3.6
Poison Gases
3.6.1
Personnel handling and using poison
gases should have available for
immediate use gas masks or selfcontained breathing apparatus of a
design approved by U.S. Bureau of
Mines for the particular service desired.