Transcript DTV SOC 강의

Digital TV SOC
Nov 6, 2003
SAT GR, DTV Lab
LG Electronics Inc.
TV technology
방식
digital TV
analog TV
1994
DIRECTV
(미국 위성
1998
DVB-T, S, C
(유럽)
1999
ATSC
(미국 지상파)
2000
ARIB
(일본 위성)
Color TV
NTSC(’1954 미국)
PAL(’1967 독일)
SECAM(’1967 프랑스)
1991
MUSE
(일본 위성)
SDTV(720x480i)
HDTV(1920x1080i)
1/39
해상도
DTV technology
Broadcasting
Convergence/networking
mobile 방송 환경 대응
Data 방송
지상파
지상파 DMB
PVR
위성
위성 DMB
Cable
networking
현장감 (고화질/고음질)
사용성/편리성
home
이동성
mobile
2/39
DTV 분류

분리형 : HD display


Set top box : DTV 신호 수신


Analog TV 수신 가능
VSB, MPEG-2 decoder, AC-3 decoder
일체형 = 분리형 + Set top box
 분리형 DTV
 Set top box
3/39
 일체형 DTV
Display 종류 및 장/단점
 DIRECT view (CRT) TV
 PRT Projection TV
 LCD Projection TV
장점 : 화질 우수, 가격 저렴
단점 : 대화면 불가능,무게
장점 : 대화면, 가격 저렴
단점 : Convergence, 두께, 높이,무게
 DLP Projection TV
 LCD TV
 PDP TV
장점 : 대화면, 얇다, 높이, contrast
단점 : 비싼 가격, On Time(40초)
장점 : 소,중화면, 아주 얇다
단점 : 아주 비싼 가격, 밝기 (형광등)
장점 : 대화면, 아주 얇다, 밝기,시야각
단점 : 아주 비싼 가격, 전력
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장점 : 대화면, 얇다, 높이, 밝기(3판)
단점 : 비싼 가격, On Time(40초)
DTV product leadership
Display devices
Analog : CRT, PJTV
Digital : PDP, LCD
S/W
VSB/QAM
A/V decoder
SOC
EPG
data broadcasting
PVR
H/W platform
Reception capability
A/V processing
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DTV 수신기 (ATSC)
V
RF
DTV
tuner
A
V
MPEG-2
Video
P
1 packet
(188bytes)
Demodulator
(8-VSB)
MPEG-2 TS
(19.4Mbps)
System
decoder
(Transport
demux)
Physical
Channel
(BW : 6MHz)
Dolby
AC-3
PCR
MPEG-2
Video
Decoder
Dolby AC-3
Audio
Decoder
Display
Processor
&
Graphics
Video
Audio
27MHz clock
recovery
Program
Program
information
select
Program
navigation
information
User’s program choice
6/39
• Bandwidth : 6MHz
• Data rate : 19.4Mbps
Channel tuning time (ATSC)

RF(IF)  TS


TS  A/V decoder



VSB processing (sync/locking, equalizer,
de-interleaver, FEC) : ~0.5sec
PAT (<0.1sec) & PMT (<0.4sec)
PSIP
Video


GOP (I picture) : ~0.5sec
Lip synch by DTS/PTS : ~0.5sec
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Applications
TV & STB
streaming
•RF  A/V decoder  audio & display
•Network  memory  A/V decoder  audio & display
audio
DTV SOC
audio
xDSL
display
DTV SOC
SDRAM
display
SDRAM
PCI card
PVR
•RF  A/V decoder  memory (decoded)
 PCI bus
•RF  memory (TS)  storage (recording)
•Storage  A/V decoder  audio & display (playback)
audio
DTV SOC
PCI bus
DTV SOC
SDRAM
SDRAM
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display
HDD
System clock
Display
PLL
74.25MHz
HSYNC
VSYNC
HSYNC
VSYNC
System clock
(27MHz)
Audio
PLL


FR SYNC
27M : 74.25M (4 : 11)
Audio clock PLL


Frame SYNC
System clock recovery (27MHz)
Display clock PLL


48kHz
27M : 48K (1125 : 2)
Video skip/repetition, audio skip/repetition
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Memory map
0
66
116
System decoder
Audio decoder
 Typical memory
 128Mbit x 2
Video bitstream
252
 256Mbit x 2
 System decoder
Video
decoding
buffer
(3, 4 frames)
 PSIP information
 Audio decoder
 Video decoder (MPEG-2)
 Video bitstream buffer
1816
 Anchor frame
Display processor
2398
2652
OSD (960x540)
16bppx2
CPU
 Display processor
 OSD
 Bitmap buffer
 CPU
4096
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Memory bandwidth
System
decoder
Audio
decoder
buffer
writing
bitstream
buffer
motion
compensation
Video
decoder
Display
processor
buffer
VCR/PIP
buffer
write after
read
MB decoding
write
read
write
read
64bits @108MHz
maximum : 864MBytes/sec
 Memory bandwidth
 Global
 Local
 Local buffer size
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GFX
buffer
Memory arbiter
SDRAM
OSD/
buffer
write
read
DTV SOC core technology
Terrestrial
(ATSC/DVB)
Satellite
(DIRECTV/ARIB)
Cable
(OpenCable)
Worldwide DTV standards
• 8VSB/COFDM/QAM/QPSK/8PSK
• CAS system
• Audio : Dolby AC-3, MPEG, AAC
• Video : MPEG-2 MP@ML/MP@HL
Display devices
• CRT/PJTV/PDP/LCD/DLP
• Device characteristics
• Video quality enhancement
Data broadcasting & internet
• Graphics engine
• High-performance RISC
• xDSL
• Internet browsing
PVR (personal video recording)
• MPEG-2 MP@ML encoder
• IDE controller, PCI
• MPEG-7, TV-anytime forum
Home networking
• IEEE1394 (w/t 5C)
• HDMI
• USB
• Memory card
System-On-A-Chip
• RISC, DSP
• Analog IP
• Verification
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RISC core

Overall control




S/A/V control
DMA
Interrupt
Application S/W




Caption engine
Program guide
User interface
Data broadcasting
13/39
Peripherals





DMA controller
Interrupt handler
UART
Smart card
Memory card
14/39
System decoder : TS
Header
Payload : PES or PSI section
1 packet (188 bytes)

Header : 4 bytes


Adaptation field


SYNC/PID/continuity counter
PCR
Payload


PES : A/V/data, lip sync with DTS/PTS
PSI : section data, PAT/PMT/CAT/MGT/….
15/39
System decoder
PSI
1 packet
(188bytes)
MPEG-2 TS
System
decoder
System
Information
(navigation)
Video
PES(ES)
Audio
PES(ES)
Data

Packet parsing



A/V data  A/V decoder
Navigation data  CPU
System clock recovery (27MHz)
16/39
Video
decoder
Audio
decoder
Data
decoder
System decoder

Input streams







MPEG-2 TS : ATSC/ARIB/DVB/OC
DIRECTV TS (proprietary)
MPEG-2 PS : DVD
PID filtering
Section filtering (byte-/field-masking)
System clock recovery
CAS (DES-ECB/MULTI-2/CS/CSS)
17/39
Video decoder (MPEG2)
DCT
Coeff.
VLD
Inverse
scan
IDCT
8x8
IQ
Decoded
Pictures
(I, P, B)
Zigzag scan mode
MPEG-2
Video ES
Q scale factor & Q matrices
Bitstream
parser
Motion
vectors
VLD
Dual prime
arithmetic
Chroma
scaling
Field/frame prediction selection


Frame
memory
MP@HL video : up to 1920x1080
Highly complex


Half-pel
prediction
6 times more complex than SD video (DVD)
Frame memory : minimum 3 frames
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Video decoder

MPEG-2



Dual decoding (2xSD,SD+HD, 2xHD)





SD : MPEG-2 MP@ML
HD : MPEG-2 MP@HL
Dual tuner
PVR
Memory scalable video decoding
Error concealment
Trick play
19/39
Audio decoder

Dolby AC-3 (ATSC)



Audio DSP


5.1 channel
48kHz, up to 384 kbps
Audio instruction
Features


Decoding : AC-3 / MPEG / AAC
Sound effects


5.1 channel source with 2 speakers
2 channel source with 6 speakers
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Video input formats

Video input formats



Analog : single
Digital : multiple
ATSC standards
Resolution
Frame rate/scan
Aspect ratio
1920x1080
24P, 30P, 30I
16:9
1280x720
24P, 30P, 60P
16:9
704x480
24P, 30P, 30I, 60P
16:9
704x480
24P, 30P, 30I, 60P
4:3
640x480
24P, 30P, 30I, 60P
4:3
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Display devices & formats
1920x1080 60P (16:9)
PDP, LCD
1920x1080 30i (16:9)
high-end projection
1366x768 60p (16:9)
PDP, LCD
1280x720 60p (16:9)
PDP, LCD
720x480 60p (4:3)
Direct View, PJTV
720x480 30i (4:3)
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Video input & output

Input (2 channels)





Decoded pictures
NTSC/PAL
Component signals (up to 1920x1080i)
PC signal (up to XGA)
Output





Analog : RGBHV, YPbPrHV, RG*B, Y*PbPr, CVBS, Svideo
Digital : D1, YCbCr/RGB (30bits)
60Hz : 1080i/768p/720p/480p/480i, 16:9/4:3
50Hz : 1080i/576i, 16:9/4:3
PC : VGA/SVGA/XGA
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Format conversion


Spatial resolution
Scan


Aspect ratio


24/30/60/70/85Hz  60Hz, 25/50  50Hz
Chroma sampling


4:3/16:9
Temporal frame rate


interlaced/progressive
4:2:0/4:2:2/4:4:4
Color space conversion

YPbPr/YIQ/RGB
24/39
Spatial resolution & scan



720x480i
720x480i
720x480p
720x480p
1280x720p
1280x720p
1920x1080i
1920x1080i
De-interlacing (480i input)
Filtering
Interpolation
25/39
Format conversion

Input < output
•Input  memory
•Memory  De-interlacing/
FC (interpolation)
•FC  display

Input > output
•Input  FC (filtering & decimation)
•FC  Memory
•Memory  display
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Aspect ratio conversion

Input (16:9)  display (4:3)
pan &scan

letterbox
squeeze
Wide
Zoom
Input (4:3)  display (16:9)
Crop
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Display window control
Single window
Picture in picture (PIP)
Picture out of Picture (POP)
moving
still
Worldwide leader in DTV - LG
DTV/DTV, NTSC/NTSC PIP/POP
still
Multi-PIP
Split-screen
moving
2 active windows
still
still
still
moving
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
still
28/39
still
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moving
still
still
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still
still
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XDRpro

eXcellent Digital Reality

현장감있는 생생한 HD 영상을 안방에 전달
입력 신호
XDRpro
NTSC
DVD
DTV
PC/STB
眞 細
淨 鮮
29/39
HD 영상
XDRpro (계속)
LG전자 화질 향상 기술
주요 내용
DVD등과 같은 영화 입력에 대해서 최적 처리
SD급 영상을 HD급 영상으로 고화질 변환
영상의 미세한 부분 및 어두운 부분 자동 처리
영상에 존재하는 잡음을 시공간 3차원으로 제거
디스플레이의 컬러 재현 특성을 보상 원 컬러 표현
30/39
Full digital A/V processing
수신부
(digital)


XDRpro
(digital)
Audio
Decoder
(digital)
Digital
AMP
Video
adjustment
display
Digital TV : transmission, A/V compression
Full digital video processing



Video
Decoder
(digital)
Digital display (PDP, LCD)
Video adjustment : Brightness, contrast, tint, color
temperature, gamma correction
Full digital audio processing

Analog AMP  digital AMP
31/39
EPG (Electronic Program Guide)


Program guide
1-button recording with HDD
32/39
Data broadcasting

종류



프로그램 연동형
독립형 : 날씨, 뉴스, 증권 등
규격



DASE : HTML, JAVA
MHP : Return channel
OCAP : Full internet
Video decoding
& scaling with positioning
Enhanced data
(graphic & OSD)
33/39
Graphic & OSD

2-D graphic primitives








Point, block transfer and text manipulation
Full-screen drawing capability up to HD
Arbitrary scaling of OSD bitmap data
RGB/YCbCr color space
Anti-flickering for interlaced display (480i/1080i)
5 layers, 2/4/8/16/24/32 bits/pixel
2, 4, 6 and 8-bit alpha blending
H/W cursor (2bits/pixel, 64x64 pixels)
34/39
LG DTV ASIC history
video 3 chips
1st
1997.10
2nd
audio
CPU
• Video 3 chip
- Transport
- Video decoder
- VDP
• Video 1 chip
- LGDT1101
video 1 chip
audio
2002.3
4th
Under
development
A/V 1 chip
• Audio/Video 1 chip
- LGDT1102
# of chips
0.6 mm
0.35 mm
5
0.25 mm
3
0.18 mm
2
0.13 mm
1
CPU
1999.11
3rd
process
CPU
DTV SOC
• DTV SOC
- LGDT1103 (Kwanak)
35/39
Block diagram
64Mbit
SDRAM
LGDT1102
Tuner
VSB
Demodulator
xN
PLL
64Mbit
SDRAM
Memory Controller
Display Processor
MPEG2 MP@HL
Video Decoder
Transport
De-multiplexer
(Format conversion,
1080i/720p/480p/480i,
Scaling/PIP/POP,
NTSC/PC/component,
NTSC encoder)
3ch
D/A
3ch
D/A
(MPEG2 system)
Audio
Decoder
DSP
Audio
PLL
OSD &
Graphic engine
(AC3/MPEG/AAC/
DTS/PCM/MP3/
TruSurround)
(OSD 5 planes,
2/4/8/16/24/32 bpp,
Anti-flickering,
2-D graphic resizing)
16-/32-bit RISC CPU
36/39
FLASH
Audio
D/A
peripherals
ATSC DTV system diagram

2-chip solution
64Mbit
SDRAM
64Mbit
SDRAM
Digital
RGB/YCbCr
LGDT3101
VSB receiver
NTSC decoder
NTSC decoder or
PC/component
LGDT1102
System decoder
Audio decoder
Video decoder
Display processor
Graphic processor
OSD controller
NTSC/PAL encoder
DAC, PLL, audio PLL
Analog
RGB/YCbCr
CVBS/S-Video
525i/625i
Digital 5.1 ch
SPDIF
16/32-bit CPU
37/39
적용된 제품들
 Affordable TV
 PRT Projection HDTV
 LCD Projection TV
 DLP Projection TV
 LCD TV
 PDP TV
 PVR 복합 HD STB
 DIRECTV HD-STB
38/39
감사합니다
[email protected]
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