Transcript Influencing Local Transport Plans

Influencing Local Transport Plans
Harry Rutter
Head of Health Impact Assessment, South East Public Health Group
Deputy Director, South East Public Health Observatory
What is a local transport plan?
• Five year investment plan that covers all
forms of local transport: buses, trains,
roads, cycling and walking
• Annual progress report produced each
year setting out the progress
• Provisional LTPs to GOSE July 2005
• Final LTPs by March 2006
• LAs must consult widely and engage
stakeholders, including health
Income and car ownership
100%
90%
80%
% ownership
70%
60%
1 car
2+ cars
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Lowest income quintile
Highest income quintile
http://www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_transstats/documents/page/dft_transstats_508295.pdf
Distance travelled per person per year by
household income quintile and mode
12000
Distance travelled (miles)
10000
Other public tr anspor t
8000
Taxi and minicab
Rail
Bus and coach
6000
Other pr ivate tr anspor t
Car passenger
Car dr iver
Cycle
4000
W alk
2000
0
Lowest
Second
Thir d
Four th
Highest
Income quint ile
Source: 1999-2001 data - http://www.transtat.dft.gov.uk/tables/2002/nts/pdf/section5.pdf
250
killed and seriously
injured
200
slightly injured
150
100
50
5t
o7
8t
o1
1
12
to
15
16
to
19
20
to
29
30
to
39
40
to
49
50
to
59
60
to
69
70
to
79
80
+
al l
ag
es
0
0t
o4
rate per 100,000 population
Pedestrian casualty rates by age
Age
Source: DfT (was DTLR) 1999
Source: Streets ahead: safe and liveable streets for children, IPPR. http://www.ippr.org.uk/research/files/team20/project20/safestreetsfinal.pdf
Speed and risk of killing
http://www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_transstats/documents/downloadable/dft_transstats_508344.pdf
Proctor S. Accident reduction through area-wide traffic schemes. Traffic Engineering and Control 1991; 32(12): 566-573.
Safety in numbers
Jacobsen PL. Injury Prevention 2003;9:205-209
Mortality from injuries and from CHD
140000
120891
120000
Number of deaths
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
107
712
25
111
1749
746
Child
pedestrian
Adult
pedestrian
Child cyclist
Adult cyclist
Car drivers
Other
0
CHD
Sources: http://www.heartstats.org/uploads/documents/TAB%201.2%20web03.xls& http://www.transtat.dft.gov.uk/tables/tsgb02/4/download/41502.xls
Environmental quality of city streets
Source: Appleyard D, Lintell M. The environmental quality of city streets: The residents' viewpoint. Am Inst Plan J 1972;38:84-101
Getting the balance right…
Social zone / slow world
Single purpose
Uniform
Regulated
Impersonal
Anonymous
Predictable
Vehicle oriented
Multi-functional
Diverse
Culturally defined
Personal
Eye contact
Unpredictable
Human oriented
Traffic zone / fast world
From Hans Monderman - http://www.transformscotland.org.uk/conferences/homezones2004/HansMonderman.htm
Health costs of transport interventions
Deaths and
injuries
Air
pollution
Noise
pollution
Physical
activity
Social
impacts
Climate
change
Improved
fuel quality
-
+
-
-
-
-
Increased
vehicle
efficiency
-
+
-
-
-
+
Reduced
travel
demand
+
+
+
-
-
+
More public
transport,
walking and
cycling
+
+
+
+
+
+
Main stages of
accessibility
planning
process
Source: http://www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_localtrans/documents/page/dft_localtrans_033615-05.hcsp
Effectiveness of
travel plans
Source: Making travel plans work – DfT - http://www.dft.gov.uk/stellent/groups/dft_susttravel/documents/page/dft_susttravel_504107.pdf
HIA
• Regional level
– HIA of Regional Transport Strategy
– HIA of South East Plan
• Local level
– Engagement with transport planners
– HIA of LTPs
• What is needed for effective action?
Conclusions
• LTP process provides an opportunity to
influence a major determinant of health
• Four main areas for action:
– Reduce car traffic and increase active travel
– Accessibility planning
– NHS travel plans
– HIA of LTP as a tool to improve health
outcomes