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Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 1 Next 2.5 hours • • • • • • • 2:30 – 2:45 2:45 – 3:15 3:00 – 3:15 3:15 – 3:45 3:45 – 4:00 4:00 – 4:45 4:45 – 5:00 Old vs New Active Diode & IC EMI Cancellation & IC Design Methodology – How we trained? Tea Break Designed by PowerEsim – New design procedure Q&A Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 2 Old VS New Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 3 Old engineer vs Young engineer 20 years ago . . . . 20 years old . . . . “ “ For a MOSFET For a MOSFET Conduction loss = 1/3 Conduction loss = 2/3 Switching loss = 2/3 Switching loss = 1/3 ” ” Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 4 Old MOSFET VS Young MOSFET 47 ns vs 5 ns, 10 times different Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 5 Where is the ZVS ? Adaptor – A efficiency demanding product. How many of them are using ZVS circuit? Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 6 Where is the ZVS ? Active Clamp 2 Switch Forward Full Bridge Phase Shift Bridge Asym. Half-Bridge Half-Bridge Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 7 Where is the losses? Example : 12V@4A 82% 10W loss 30 % Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited 10 % 15 % 25 % www.powerEsim.com 8 Where money can buy • • • Pay for ZVS Pay for lower Rds Pay for lower tr, tf . . 10 % • After all, it is only 10% Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 9 Where money can’t buy Copper Loss Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited Copper & Ferrite Band Gap Loss www.powerEsim.com 10 Why not use less copper? • Active EMI Filter • WT6001 Y-Cap Booster • Next section Old New Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 11 Why not of not using diode? Old • • • • STPS20H100 0.6V @ 2*7A 100 deg TO200 package USD ?? / pcs Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited New • • • • IRF540Z 22m Ohm 0.54V @ 14A 100 deg TO200 package USD ?? / pcs www.powerEsim.com 12 If TO220 has the same price . . . • Active Diode • WT6002 active diode IC • • • • STPS20H100 0.6V @ 2*7A 100 deg TO200 package USD ?? / pcs • Next section Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited • • • • IPP05CN10 5m Ohm 0.08V @ 14A 100 deg TO200 package USD ?? / pcs www.powerEsim.com 13 Transformer design calculation • After all those mathematics, how will it perform ? Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 14 Mathematics for the loss • Do you calculate it every time on your design stage? Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 15 What exactly you are doing? Do=? Np = ? Co=? Wire =? Ns = ? Wire=? M1=? • Just simple fill in the blank Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 16 Transformer – core and wire only • PowerEsim – It is not giving parameters for play with design, It is a tool to build the design. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 17 98% VS 99% - not 1% different • 98% efficiency • 2% loss • 30W loss • 99% efficiency • 1% loss • 15W loss • Efficiency is not just a figure, it does matter. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 18 98% VS 99% - 200% different • 98% efficiency • 2% loss • 150W converter • 99% efficiency • 1% loss • 300W converter • Selling price double by 1% losses cut Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 19 What is all about • Active Diode vs Diode – almost same cost. • EMI IC vs filter – greatly improve efficiency. • PowerEsim vs Paper design – no cost. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 20 Active Diode & EMI IC Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 21 EMI solutions: Passive filter Conventional EMI solutions depend on passive filter using inductors and capacitors: Inductors: CMC, DMC Capacitors: X-cap, Y-cap There are limitations when using passive filters: Inductors: Large size and high conduction loss Capacitors: leakage current specifications Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 22 Active EMI cancellation IC WT6001: An effective EMI solution – Y-cap booster WT6001 A patented technology developed in PowerELab. An SO-8 IC WT6001 developed with W2. Equivalent to a Y-cap with very large value within the EMI concerned frequency range only. No boosting effect in the leakage current test concerned frequency range (50 – 800Hz). Greatly reduce the common mode inductor size and requirements. Reduce converter size and improve conversion efficiency. Provide effective and efficient EMI solution. Built-in electrical surge protection which can easily pass the EN610004-4 and EN61000-4-5 immunity standard. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 23 Applications: Replace passive Y-cap Replaced by Y-cap booster LISN Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 24 Effect measurable by oscilloscope when using Ycap booster Noise voltage across Y-cap in switching converter Noise voltage across Y-cap booster in switching converter More application examples can be found in the datasheet of WT6001 Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 25 Practical application examples The original EMI filter design cannot pass the EN55022 class B limit. Filter component: 2 x 20mm high mu toroid for common mode filters 2 x 0.15uF X – cap 1 x 1n Y1-cap connected between primary and secondary Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 26 Practical application examples: Original filter schematic P1 TH1 L1B F1 L2B 4 3 4 3 1 2 C2 1 2 1 C1 P2 1 • It is a commonly used filter configuration • L2B is wound with many turns which intends to suppress the low to mid-frequency common mode noise. Its leakage inductance together with C1 also provides differential mode noise filtering • L1B is a single layer, bi-filer wound common mode choke for high frequency common mode noise filtering Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 27 Practical application examples: EMI measurement DM noise dBuV 80 Y-cap: From 1n to 3n3 Improved but not enough dBuV CM noise 80 70 70 230V pri-sec Y1n U shielded original 230V pri-sec Y3n3 U shielded original 60 60 EN 55022; Class B Conducted, Quasi-Peak 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 EN 55022; Class B Conducted, Average 0 1 10/3/200510:55:40 EN 55022; Class B Conducted, Quasi-Peak 50 EN 55022; Class B Conducted, Average 10 (Start = 0.15, Stop= 30.00) MHz 1 10/3/200516:08:11 10 (Start = 0.15, Stop= 30.00) MHz Failure was identified to be caused by: • Insufficient leakage inductance of the common mode choke for DM noise attenuation. • The two common mode choke cannot effectively block out the common mode current. • Further increase of Y-cap can reduce CM noise but fail to meet leakage current specifications. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 28 Practical application examples: Solution using Y-cap booster dBuV 80 70 60 50 EN 55022; Class B Conducted, Quasi-Peak 230V CB U shield SDMC SCMC .33uF EN 55022; Class B Conducted, Average 40 30 20 10 0 1 10/3/200516:39:55 10 (Start = 0.15, Stop= 30.00) MHz Y-cap booster is used to replace the primary to secondary Y-cap After using the Y-cap booster, L2B is replaced by a small differential mode filter and L1B is reduced to a 9mm toroid with only a few turns to tackle the high frequency common node noise. The test results pass the required limit lines Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 29 Practical application examples: Filter comparison: Before and After... Failed design even with more cost, loss and bigger size for the filter Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited Passed design using Y-cap booster with much smaller filter size that saves cost, power and space www.powerEsim.com 30 Another practical application examples: Filter comparison: Before and After... Original EMI solution using passive filter in ATX converter Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited New EMI solution using Y-cap booster in ATX converter www.powerEsim.com 31 Conclusion Y-cap booster breaks the relationship between the Y-cap values and leakage current requirement. Greatly reduce product design period and resources. It can be applied to any position with conventional Y-cap. Significantly reduce the size and loss of common mode choke implies higher power density and efficiency. EMI less sensitive to transformer winding capacitance implies more rooms for improving transformer coupling. Very suitable for equipment required low leakage current like medical equipment. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 32 Active Diode – An easy to use and high efficiency rectifier suitable for all converters Stringent requirements of nowadays converters: Compact size Low heat generation and high conversion efficiency High output power and output current Low cost ………!!! Conventional technologies cannot meet the requirements!! Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 33 Synchronous rectifier Use MOSFETs to replace diode rectifiers. 0.24 V K 9 m A Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited K 7.8 m A www.powerEsim.com 34 Synchronous rectifier Provides low conduction loss. Can operate at higher high current without heatsink. SCK 2.8W losses @ 10A 3 2.5 W 2 1.5 1 MOSFET 0.7W losses @ 10A 0.5 0 0 2 6 4 8 10 A STPS30L30 SO8 Active Diode Losses comparison between SCK and AD Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 35 Synchronous rectifier Usage not limited to converters with high profit margin. Price of nowadays low RDSon MOSFETs comparable to schottky diodes using the state of the art technology. Provide even lower converter cost because of reduced heatsink, more output power, higher conversion efficiency….. Emerge in low cost converter like adaptors, standard open frame converters, ATX …… . Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 36 Synchronous rectifier AD AD Problematic for some conventional topologies Special and sometimes complicated driving circuits SR are needed for different topologies Performance sensitive to transformer leakage inductance and operating conditions Converter cannot be paralleled – Reverse current Poor efficiency at low load Simple circuit Discontinuous mode is allowed Good low load efficiency Converter can be paralleled High conversion efficiency Works just like a diode Limited input voltage range Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 37 Active diode – Operating principle A K A1 N1 N2 N3 D1 N4 D2 N1 is the current sense winding N2 provides MOSFET driving signals A1 driver circuit (IC WT6002) N1 N3 & D1 form energy recovery circuit N4 & D2 form reset circuit Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 38 Active diode – Operating principle Voltage across winding N2 or gate drive voltage Von of SR depends on ratio of N2 to N3 and voltage Vo Toff N Von Vo 2 N3 A K Ii Von VN2 A1 N1 Voltage source Vo can be any voltage source in a converter, e.g. output voltage Vo N2 VN3 Vo N3 D1 VN4 N4 D2 Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 39 Application of Active Diode in different topologies Lf + + + Co Vo + Vin - S - Freewheel SR Magnetic Reset Vin Flyback SR Co Vo - S Forward SR - Flyback Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited Forward www.powerEsim.com 40 Application of Active Diode in different topologies Lf1 Lf + S1 C1 SR1 Vin - S2 C2 + Co Vo - SR2 Half Bridge centre tap Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited + S1 C1 S2 C2 SR1 Co Vin + Vo - SR2 Lf2 Current Doubler www.powerEsim.com 41 Application of Active Diode in different topologies SR1 Co + Vo - ISIN SR2 and many others…. Resonant converter Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 42 Successful application of Active Diode in converter products AD on 150W ACDC AD on 50W ACDC AD on 120W ACDC AD on 300W ACDC Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited AD on 1.5 V 200 A ACDC AD on 60W ACDC AD on 100W DCDC www.powerEsim.com 43 Conclusion A new “Active Diode” technology is presented. A kind of current driven synchronous rectifier technology that provides high conversion efficiency and eliminates many conventional synchronous rectifier application problems. Patented technologies. An Active Diode driver IC WT6002 for easy implementation of the technology. Well proven by many converter product design. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 44 References • Liu, J.C.P.; Poon, F.N.K.; Xuefei Xie; Pong, M.H.; current driven synchronous rectifier with energy recovery sensor Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2000. Proceedings. PIEMC 2000. The Third International , Volume: 1 , 2000, page(s): 375 -380 vol.1 • Xuefei Xie; Liu, J.C.P.L.; Poon, F.N.K.; Man Hay Pong; Current-driven synchronous rectification technique for flyback topology, Power Electronics Specialists Conference, 2001. PESC. 2001 IEEE 32nd Annual , Volume: 1 , 2001, Page(s): 345 350 vol. 1 • Xuefei Xie; Liu, J.C.P.; Poon, F.N.K.; Man Hay Pong; A novel high frequency current-driven synchronous rectifier for low voltage high current applications, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2001. APEC 2001. Sixteenth Annual IEEE , Volume: 1 , 2001, Page(s): 469 -475 vol.1 • Liu, J.C.P.; Xuefei Xie; Poon, F.N.K.; Pong, B.M.H.; Practical solutions to the design of current-driven synchronous rectifier with energy recovery from current sensing, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2002. APEC 2002. Seventeenth Annual IEEE , Volume: 2 , 2002, Page(s): 878 -884 vol.2 • Xuefei Xie; Joe Chui Pong Liu; Poon, F.N.K.; Man Hay Pong; A novel high frequency current-driven synchronous rectifier applicable to most switching topologies, Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on , Volume: 16 Issue: 5 , Sep 2001, Page(s): 635 -648 • Xie Xuefei; Liu, J.C.P.; Poon, F.N.K.; Pong, B.M.H.; Two methods to drive synchronous rectifiers during dead time in forward topologies, Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2000. APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE , Volume: 2 , 2000, Page(s): 993 -999 vol.2 • US patent "Current driven synchronous rectifier with energy recovery" patent number 6,134,131 • US patent “Self-driven synchronous rectifier by retention of gate charge” patent number 6,377,477 • US patent “Current driven synchronous rectifier with energy recovery using hysterisis driver”, patent number 6,597,587 Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 45 We are trained to fill in a value NOT design a circuit Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 46 Fill in values by experience . . . Vi=100 Vo=12 Vo=Vi*D*Ns / (1-D)*Np Vi+Vo*Np/Ns=0.8Vds_max Vo=Ns*0.3*fs/(1-D) 0.5*Vo_ripple=Q/Co Vds_max_M1=lowerest cost in stock Ids_max_M1=lowerest cost in stock IF_max_Do=2*Io VR_max_Do=1.2*(Vi*Ns/Np+Vo) Core_T1=recommended table from ferrite manufacturer Wire_Np=fully filled Wire_Ns=fully filled Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 47 Then again . . . • Replace 100pcs of components at bench Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 48 Fine, but no need to replace at the bench . . . • Why not replace 100pcs of components at PowerEsim Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 49 www.powerEsim.com • It’s on-line • It’s for everyone • Worldwide access • 100% server side simulation • It’s free Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 50 Build virtual and real converter PFC Developed under Infineon TDA4863 Evaluation Design DC-DC Developed under Infineon ICE3DS01 Evaluation Design 150W 90% LCD Converter Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 51 160 W PFC – simulation vs measurement Input Votlage Vs Efficiency % 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 Measured 85 110 230 265 160W PFC Input Voltage Vac PowerEsim Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 52 150 W Flyback – simulated vs measured I/P Votlage Vs Efficiency % 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 Measured 300 350 405 150W flybackInput Votlage Vdc PowerEsim Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 53 Loss and Temp. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 54 Component Based Approach Real components • Find MOSFET Abstract Concept Rds*Crss • Find Diode Vf*trrm • Find Capacitor CV • Find Core k1, k2, k3 • Find Wire Current density Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 55 PowerEsim vs Traditional Design PowerEsim turn design into result oriented adaptive iteration instead of skill of knowledge application Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 56 But first . . . • Find a circuit that has closest specification to your need, e.g. 160W TDA4863 for PFC front end. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 57 Ask our expert • Enter the input & output specification • Chose an application • Click “Recommend Design” Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 58 How our expert system work. Specification Search for closest evaluation design Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited Search for best topologies www.powerEsim.com 59 If you like more freedom • Click “Topologies” • Chose the topology you like • Enter the input & output specification Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 60 Re-define specification • Click “Detail Spec.” • Change specification as you like Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 61 Click the main MOSFET Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 62 How we model component? Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 63 Click, click, click and select • A particular one – total & individual loss • Highlighted one – total, individual loss and stress • Selected one – total individual loss and stress Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 64 Other than loss, Stress is important Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 65 More clever method – Smart Optimizer Click “Select All” All MOSFET will dump into a optimizer pool Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 66 Smart Optimizer – just a click • Enter maximum iterations • Wait a few seconds • Click “Smart Optimizer” Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 67 Multi dimensional optimization 1 10 resistor 2 10 MOSFET x : 10 Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited x : x 10 diode = 1010 combination = 31 years simulation www.powerEsim.com 68 Smart Optimizer – how it work Data set SPD07N60C3 Smart Scan BU60 SPN04N60C2 SPB07N60S5 IPP50R520CP Genetic Algorithm Search for good component BU60 SPD07N60C3 SPN04N60C2 SPB07N60S5 IPP50R520CP Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 69 Sorted one by one • Result will be ranked • Click to view each result • Optimized Component will be shown Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 70 Now Active Diode • Click the diode you like to replace by Active Diode or Sync Rect. • In the Component Finder, change it’s “Rectifier Type” to Active Diode Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 71 Search more MOSFET • Extend to higher current range is usually needed • Extend the body diode’s trrm can find more MOSFET Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 72 Select a better Sync Rect. • 0.5W Active Diode loss • 2.54W SCK loss Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 73 Which component is more critical? Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited • Why M1, D3 & T1 • Loss Analysis – the most useful page • It rank the loss and it’s details www.powerEsim.com 74 Follow the step • Follow the tips from the header is a good practice. • Just click the box, it will redirect you to other tools • Go through each box step by step Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 75 Click T1 and go to Magnetic Builder Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 76 Step 1 – select the core you like • Chose the range of Ae • Select Core shape • Select Manufacturer Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 77 Instant preview winding when thing change • Click the “preview winding” • Corresponding winding cross section will be shown • Supported on Core, N and Wire. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 78 Step 2 – find the best Lm • Click the “Inductance” button • Enter the range of inductance • Highlight each in the list, select according to total loss and stress. • Double check OCP is not be triggered. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 79 Step 3 – find the best N0 • Click the “Number of turn” button • Enter the range of turn • Highlight each in the list, select according to total loss and stress. • Double check OCP is not be triggered. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 80 Don’t forget preview winding • Click the “Preview Winding” button • Observe how winding structure change with number of turn. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 81 Step 4 – need more copper? • • • Click the “Change Wire” button Click the “No. of Parallel Wire” Add more parallel wire as you like. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 82 160 W PFC – simulation vs measurement Input Votlage Vs Efficiency % 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 Measured 85 110 230 265 160W PFC Input Voltage Vac PowerEsim Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 83 150 W Flyback – simulated vs measured I/P Votlage Vs Efficiency % 100.00 90.00 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 0.00 Measured 300 350 405 150W flybackInput Votlage Vdc PowerEsim Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 84 DVT – check the stresses • DVT Report check every components stress and also circuit design constraint. Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 85 Thermal – knowing Temp. at day 1 Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 86 MTBF – how long it last Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 87 Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in minutes •Live Demonstration Designing a 90% efficiency 150W power supply with PFC in hours Prepared by Dr. Franki Poon & Dr. Joe Liu PowerELab Limited www.powerEsim.com 88