Transcript Diagnostico situacional de la SST en el Per&#250

Positional Diagnosis of the SSO in Peru
An stage of important changes in SST
Positive effects in proceeding of globalization in Peru - 1990.
International investment arriving to different areas of the economy.
Investment coming along with modern corporate cultures of management.
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The most part of investments was addressed to areas like mining,
electricity, construction, industry and telecommunications besides others,
which operations involve a high risk of work, occupational hazards and
economic losses because of these reasons.
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003*
Crecimiento de la inversion extranjera en la mineria
The mining area catch the 31% of international investment for the last 8 years,
approximately US$ 4,982 MM (Ministry of Energy and Mines Statistics)
International Investment in electricity
1990-2003 (MEM Statistics)
Between 1994 and 2003 the total investment in electricity exceed the US$ 3,500
MM.
Accidents decrease for investment in successful programs of safety
(Statistics: Institute of Mining Studies - 1999)
N°ACCIDENTES VS. INVERSION - CASO EXITOSO
Accidentes
US$
35
1.200.000
30
1.000.000
25
800.000
20
600.000
15
400.000
10
5
200.000
0
0
94
95
96
97
Ago 98
Accidentes
Inversión
The relation between the international investment, corporate culture and free
implementation of management systems SSO, could represent a better control of risks, less
accidents and the decrease of operational costs; that was demonstrated with studies made in
the Peruvian mining.
Others impacts of Globalization
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Negative effects about employment and its
Organization.
Exponential increment of subcontracting that
affects work conditions and the SSO of
contractors.
Part-time and temporal works increment, from
independent and informal works.
Prominent changes in rules SSO
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1997 The Risk Assessment Insurance is created as part of the
Law 26790 in Social Security new changes.
2001 D.L. 910 General Laws of work Inspections, employees
Defence and sectional Commissions for : 1)Make a General
Legislation SST, 2)The infantile risky work treatment and 3)A
unite system of register and notification of accidents with
national approached.
2001 Approval of the new Electricity National Code, the new
Legislation of Safety and Occupational Hygiene of electricity
sub-area, the new Legislation of Safety and Mining Hygiene and
the Rule Technique E-120 about safety while the construction
incorporate this to the National Legislation of Constructions.
Prominent changes in rules SSO
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2000 The National Work Council of tripartite
participation is created for the debate in workable
topics, work conditions and SSO in Peru - Law Nº
27711 Law of the Ministry of Work.
2002 General New Law of Healthy, establish
competence's of DESO, DIGESA and CENSOPAS
relation to promotion, investigation, guarding and
normative in occupational health for all areas.
2003 The Peruvian Rule Technique of Safety and
Occupational Health Management is approved.
Opportunity of improvement in Laws SSO
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Reviewing and new changes of legal statements for the
industrial area, which Legislation of Industrial Safety
D.S. 42F comes from the year 1964.
National Policies of Health and Safety Requirements in
work that conduce the new legislation to avoid the high
dispersion and superposition that have in faculty to the
pour coordination between the Legislative Norma and
the others Ministries and between the same Ministries
related to the SSO.
Inspections in SSO
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The General Law of Work Inspection and employees
Defence support the capacity of the MTPE in
inspections, inspectors training and the responsibility
to communicate any accident at work.
Monitored Organization of Energy Investment
OSINERG
Mining Head Direction
National Institute of Civil Defence
Regional Municipalities
Statistics SSO
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Social Security Institute – ESSALUD
Mining Head Direction
OSINERG
Superintendence of Health Lender Entities SEPS
Promotion,training,formation and consulting
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Participation and improvement activities of several
public institutions,employers ,employees , and citizens
in general, qualifying organizations in companies where
the risk of accidents are and occupational hazards.
In 1997 is created: the “Safety Committee” of the
Society of Mining, Petroleum and Energy, the Mining
Safety Institute, the Committee of Productivity and
Security in the Peruvian Chamber of Construction.
Since 1999 the Center of Industrial Development of
the National Industrial Society start training and
consulting in Industrial Safety.
Recover and Insurances
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In the Law of New Changes of Social Security in
Health, predominate the creation of High Risk
Assessment Insurance of Work whose positive effect
can be appreciated in areas like economy. That is
contemplated inside the activities of high risk, in the
quality of attention in the services of health, as well as
in the development of some programs of surveillance
of health and accidents prevention.
However, in this aspect the economically active
population's great majority stays without protection.
Economical, Social and Workable Context
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The Peru is a country with a geographical and ecological
diversity that allows a variety of economic activities, the PEA
represents 30.43% of the total. The masculine PEA is 70% and
the feminine 30%..
The work in activities of high risk is 55.3% (the agriculture,
hunting and fishing is in the 34%, Industry 10.5%, Construction
3.7%, Mining 2.4%, Transport 4.4%, and Electricity 0.3%.
The urban workers' 55% are from the informal sector.
The urban population covered is distributed like this: 72.3% in
micro-companies, 4.2% in small companies and 23.5% in others.
Is considered that the covering of the Social Security of health,
is 22% of the PEA decreasing in professional risks, in spite of
the legislative changes in this area. The areas with less protection
are the informal sector, the work of child’s, the contractors and
subcontractors in the formal sector.
Resume of changes in SST
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Significant advances have been achieved in mentioned aspects,
however, because these changes have not taken place in planned
way, systematic and coordinated, they suffer of dispersion,
overlapping and holes.
It has been achieved the growing participation of public
institutions, managers, employees and civil society each one from
their competition environment and it influences in SSO but
many of them reflect weakness and intermittence in their
continuity.
A performance inter-institutional is appearing by sectors that
contributed to improve the control of the risks., that should be
incentivated and consolidated promoting their creation in sectors
where they don't still exist.
New ways of agreement goes toward an integration of a national
system.
The challenge SSO
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To be able to make work the Security and Occupational Health
in the Peru like a true national system that it is able to define a
purpose, of being traced goals and of beginning to work to get
them.
First key: Institutionalization of the SSO to assure that their
values, principles and activities are materialized in way sustained
among the competent authorities.
Second key: true and effective Coordination among the
institutions, the social actors and the civil society for the make of
projects and programs SSO.