Transcript Iroquois Indians - East Williston Union Free School District

Iroquois Indians
Of the
Eastern
Woodlands
A. The Iroquois of the Eastern Woodlands
(Iroquois)
1. Iroquois Confederacy
(The League of 5
Nations)
=
(5 tribes + 1)
This
Was
the
First
Representative
Government
(Algonquin)
C
Cayuga
O
Onondaga
S
Seneca
M
Mohawk
O
+
T
Oneida
Tuscarora
in about 1720’s
a. Lived in Longhouses
(18X 60)
b. Men’s roles in Iroquois society
Men
• warriors, leaders, hunters.
• Cleared land, invented lacrosse,
developed snowshoes and tomahawks
Council of 49 or 50 leaders
representing all six nations
• Decided solutions for
problems.
• Eventually, the
Iroquois became
allies with the British
(English).
• This was the first
representative
government.
• In fact it was the basis
to the United States
Constitution.
c. Women of the Iroquois
• Women owned
household property, and
were in charge of planting
and harvesting- C,B,S.
• Women had the power
to choose clan leaders.
• Named Children and
arranged marriages
• Men married and moved
in with his wife’s family.
• Women Elected
Sachems: who were
tribal leaders that made
decisions and watched
over their actions.
Women could not be
SACHEMS, however.
False Face
Society
• Masks were worn by dancers of the
Iroquois False Face Society during
rituals.
• They were made of trunks of living trees
• They believed to hold great
power in curing sickness
and keep away evil spirits.
• Iroquois people, today, think they should
not be displayed in museums, instead
they should be returned to the people
who believe in their true POWER.
Spring
•Planted crops corn, beans,
squash
•They also ate fish, meat
Vegetables
Fall
• Hunt for deer on foot and
canoe
• tendons were made into
fibers and thread
• Hooves were boiled and
made into glue
Summer
•Women made baskets
•Men made repairs to canoes,
longhouses, traded, attack
enemies.
Winter
•Made new weapons
•Cleaned animal skins
•Children listened to stories
•Hunted elk, deer, bear, beaver,
moose, duck, turkey
•Prayed for the season of LIFE!!
Individual
Iroquois
Most important
Social unit in
The Iroquois
Also called a
Nuclear family
Fireside Family
Longhouse family
Matrilineal head of families
Extended family
Include
Several (6-14) longhouses
Clan
Eagle
Wolf
Deer
Turtle
Beaver
Heron
Bear
Snipe
NATION
How the Iroquois Adapted to their
environment
• Their activities
revolved around the
seasons of the year.
• Used their
environment to
make shelters,
get food, make
weapons
Iroquois Government
• A confederacy is a
group of people who
join together to help
each other.
• The Iroquois
Confederacy is
5 nations + 1.
=
COSMO+ T
Iroquois Confederacy
Includes 49 or 50 chiefs
From the 6 tribes:
Cayuga
included
Onondaga
included
Seneca
Included
Mohawk
Included
Oneida
Included
Tuscarora
included
Tribe = 8-14
Villages
Tribe = 8-14
Villages
Tribe = 8-14
Villages
Tribe = 8-14
Villages
Tribe = 8-14
Villages
Tribe = 8-14
Villages
Villages =
Approx. 8
clans
Villages =
Approx. 8
clans
Villages =
Approx. 8
clans
Villages =
Approx. 8
clans
Villages =
Approx. 8
clans
Villages =
Approx. 8
clans
Each clan =
4-5
longhouses
Each clan =
4-5
longhouses
Each clan =
4-5
longhouses
Each clan =
4-5
longhouses
Each clan =
4-5
longhouses
Each clan =
4-5
longhouses
Each
longhouse=
4-8 fireside
families
Each
longhouse=
4-8 fireside
families
Each
longhouse=
4-8 fireside
families
Each
longhouse=
4-8 fireside
families
Each
longhouse=
4-8 fireside
families
Each
longhouse=
4-8 fireside
families
Extended
Family
family other than mother, father and
siblings= LONGHOUSE FAMILY
Nuclear
Family
Father, mother and children
Matrilineal Mother’s side of the family. Iroquois men
would marry into the woman’s family.
Patrilineal
Father’s side of the family.
Matriarchy a female who dominates or rules a family,
group or state
Patriarchy A male who dominates or rules a family,
group or state.
Sibling
a brother or sister
Wampum
• beads made of shells strung in
strands,
• belts and sashes and Native
Americans as money, ornament,
and political signifiers
The Five
Nations Flag
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
• American Poet
• Wrote the
famous poem
“The song of
Hiawatha”
Buried was the bloody hatchet,
Buried was the dreadful war
clubs,
Buried were all warlike
weapons,
And the war cry was forgotten.
There was peace among the
nations.
What does this poem describe?
Peace and Unity between the Tribes