Transcript Diapositiva 1

Presenting the Thirteen’th wave
Latinobarometro 2009
Washington D.C., February 26th, 2009
Marta Lagos
LATINOBARÓMETRO HISTORY
•
1994: First funding from the European Union for a four country study in the southern cone
of Latin American.
•
–
•
- Chile
- Uruguay
1995: First wave is applied in eight countries with the support of the European Union and
local funding.
–
–
•
- Argentina
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Brazil
- Paraguay
- Peru
- Chile
- Uruguay
- México
- Venezuela
From 1996: the study expands to 17 countries with funds of IADB, local governments, U.S.
Government and the UNDP.
–
–
–
–
–
- Argentina
- Colombia
- Guatemala
- Panama
- Venezuela
- Brazil
- Costa Rica
- Honduras
- Paraguay
- Bolivia
- Ecuador
- México
- Peru
- Chile
- El Salvador
- Nicaragua
- Uruguay
•
Other donor institutions join Latinobarómetro, today multiple financing: IADB, SIDA, local
governments, private institutions, U.S.
Government, World Bank, ILO, Think Tanks and the European Union.
•
2004: The study expands also to Republica Dominicana, 18 countries are measured.
•
2006: Opening of the first ONLINE Data Bank in spanish in the continent.
LATINOBARÓMETRO
www.latinobarometro.org
• Represents the adult population of each country, 500 million all over the
region. Sample error fluctuate by country between 2,8% and 4,1%
Sample size of 1000 y 1200 cases. Sample error 3%
• 210.000 face to face interviews and 1000 variables applied in 12 years.
• Comparative information sources:
• GLOBAL BAROMETERS
• WORLD VALUES SURVEY
• CSES
• EUROPEAN SOCIAL SURVEY
• EUROBAROMETER
• GENERAL SOCIAL SURVEY
• OWN SOURCES
The relationship between
Democracy and
Development:
The impact of growth
RECOVERING THE PAST
GROWTH PER COUNTRY
Country
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Argentina
- 0.8
- 4.4
- 10.9
8.8
9.0
9.2
8.5
8.7
Bolivia
2.5
1.7
2.5
2.7
4.2
4.4
4.8
4.6
Brazil
4.3
1.3
2.7
1.1
5.7
2.9
3.7
5.4
Chile
4.5
3.4
2.2
3.9
6.0
5.6
4.3
5.1
Colombia
2.9
2.2
2.5
4.6
4.7
5.7
7.0
8.2
Costa Rica
1.8
1.1
2.9
6.4
4.3
5.9
8.8
7.3
Ecuador
2.8
5.3
4.2
3.6
8.0
6.0
3.9
2.7
El Salvador
2.2
1.7
2.3
2.3
1.9
3.1
4.2
4.7
Guatemala
3.6
2.3
3.9
2.5
3.2
3.3
5.3
5.7
Honduras
5.7
2.7
3.8
4.5
6.2
6.1
6.3
6.3
Mexico
6.6
0.0
0.8
1.4
4.0
3.2
4.8
3.2
Nicaragua
4.1
3.0
0.8
2.5
5.3
4.3
3.9
3.8
Panama
2.7
0.6
2.2
4.2
7.5
7.2
8.7
1.2
- 3.3
2.1
0.0
3.8
4.1
2.9
4.3
6.8
Peru
3.0
0.2
5.0
4.0
5.1
6.7
7.6
8.9
Dominican Rep.
5.7
1.8
5.8
- 0.3
1.3
9.3
10.7
8.5
- 1.4
- 3.4
- 11.0
2.2
11.8
6.6
7.0
7.4
Paraguay
Uruguay
IMAGE OF PROGRESS
LATIN AMERICA 1995-2008
Q. Would you say that this country is progressing, at a standstill, or in decline?.
60
50
50
51
49
41
47
45
40
38
33
31
30
26
20
27
20
21
27
22
17
20
4
3
17
10
4
3
2
3
0
1995
1996
Progressing
Source: Latinobarómetro 1995-2008.
1997
Standstill
2000
2005
Decline
2008
DNK /DNA
COUNTRY’S FUTURE ECONOMIC SITUATION
LATIN AMERICA 2001-2008 / TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008
Q. Over the next 12 months do you think that, in general, the country’s economic situation will be much better,
a little better, about the same, a little worse or much worse than now? *Answer shown ‘much better’
plus ‘a little better’.
Paraguay
78
Brazil
61
50
Colombia
51
Venezuela
49
45
Uruguay
45
Ecuador
44
40
Panama
39
39
38
Nicaragua
34
35
Bolivia
31
33
Argentina
32
30
31
30
M exico
31
28
Chile
28
25
25
El Salvador
25
23
Honduras
25
20
Guatemala
23
Dominican Rep.
23
15
Peru
22
Costa Rica
10
21
Latin America
38
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 2001-2008
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
FUTURE PERSONAL ECONOMIC SITUATION
LATIIN AMERICA 2001- 2008 / TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008
Q. Over the next 12 months do you think that your economic situation and that of your family will be much
better, a little better, about the same, a little worse or much worse than now? *Answer shown ‘much better’
plus ‘a little better’.
Paraguay
78
Brazil
76
50
Colombia
68
49
Venezuela
57
43
45
46
46
Panama
47
Ecuador
46
40
Nicaragua
41
46
M exico
45
37
35
36
Uruguay
44
35
Honduras
43
30
Bolivia
38
Argentina
36
25
Costa Rica
35
Chile
34
20
Guatemala
32
Dominican Rep.
32
15
Peru
30
El Salvador
29
10
Latin America
46
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Source: Latinobarómetro 2001-2008
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
REDUNDANCY INDEX
LATIN AMERICA 2002-2008 / 2008 TOTAL BY COUNTRY
Q. How concerned would you say you are that you will be left without work or unemployed during the next 12
months? Very concerned, concerned, a little concerned, or not at all concerned, do not work ?
*Answer shown ‘Very concerned’ plus ‘concerned’.
100
Venezuela
53
El Salvador
90
80
48
Guatemala
76
72
76
75
47
Mexico
46
Bolivia
67
70
64
45
Brazil
60
44
Dominican Rep.
42
Honduras
42
Chile
50
40
40
30
40
Colombia
39
Peru
39
Panama
39
Ecuador
38
Costa Rica
20
36
Nicaragua
35
Paraguay
10
32
Argentina
0
26
Uruguay
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
24
Latin America
40
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 2002-2008
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
TRUST IN BANKS
LATIN AMERICA 2003 - 2008 / TOTAL COUNTRY 2008
Q. Please, look at this card and tell me how much trust you have in each of the following groups, institutions
or persons mentioned on the list? a lot, some, a little, or no trust… in? *Answer shown ‘Banks ’.** Answer
shown ‘a lot’ plus ‘ some’.
90
80
70
60
50
40
41
44
39
30
29
20
10
0
2003
2004
2005
2008
Dominican Rep.
Venezuela
Chile
Paraguay
Costa Rica
Panama
Brazil
Bolivia
Colombia
Honduras
Uruguay
El Salvador
Nicaragua
Peru
Mexico
Argentina
Ecuador
Guatemala
Latin America
60
59
55
52
50
49
48
48
47
46
43
42
38
38
37
35
31
25
44
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 2003-2008
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
HAVE YOU EVER USED INTERNET IN YOUR LIFE?
LATIN AMERICA 2002 - 2008 / LATIN AMERICA 2008.
Q1. Have you ever used e-mail? Have you ever used e-mail to communicate? Yes, every day Yes, occasionally
Yes, Almost never, No, never. * Answer shown ‘Yes’ Q2. No matter where you have access to the internet, What
do you frequently use internet for? Use e-mail/ Search information/ Entertainment/ Work/Study/ doing
paperwork/Shopping/ Other. ** Answer multiple total number over 100%.
Ever in life
Why use it?
100
90
Search information
80
To use email /
messenger
70
66
53
32
To entertain
60
31
To work
50
29
To study
40
30
27
20
19
30
34
35
14
Doing paperwork
5
Shopping
20
10
1
Other
0
2002
2003
2005
2006
2007
2008
7
DNK/DNA
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 2002 – 2008.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
INTEREST IN INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
LATIN AMERICA 2004 - 2008 / TOTAL COUNTRY 2008.
Q. How much interest do you have in international affairs? A lot of interest/ Some interest/ Little interest/ No
interest.* Answer shown ‘ A lot of interest ´ plus ´Some interest´.
100
63
62
61
61
59
56
55
53
52
52
49
47
46
47
46
45
43
41
53
Colombia
Dominican Rep.
90
Costa Rica
80
Venezuela
Uruguay
70
Mexico
Chile
60
Peru
53
50
Bolivia
Argentina
40
44
Brazil
Paraguay
30
Nicaragua
Honduras
20
El Salvador
10
Ecuador
0
Guatemala
Panama
2004
2008
Latin America
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 2004-2008
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
THERE CAN BE NO DEMOCRACY WITHOUT A
NATIONAL CONGRESS
LATIN AMERICA 1997 – 2008 /TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008.
Q. ¿There are people who say that without a national congress there can be no democracy, while others say that
democracy can work without a National Congress. What is closer to your way of thinking? *Answer shown ‘
Without a national congress there can be no democracy’.
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
76
75
Uruguay
Argentina
Venezuela
Costa Rica
Dominican Rep.
62
Nicaragua
57
57
Colombia
54
55
Chile
52
49
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Mexico
Honduras
Peru
Brazil
Panama
Guatemala
Ecuador
1997 2000 2001 2002 2005 2006 2008
Latin America
Source: Latinobarómetro 1997 - 2008.
72
70
60
60
59
58
56
56
55
52
50
49
45
45
44
42
57
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
THERE CAN BE NO DEMOCRACY WITHOUT
POLITICAL PARTIES
LATIN AMERICA 1997 – 2008 / TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008.
Q. There are people who say that without political parties there can be no democracy, while others say that
democracy can work without parties. What is closer to your views? *Answer shown ‘Without political parties there
can be no democracy’
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
Uruguay
Venezuela
Costa Rica
Argentina
Nicaragua
Dominican Rep.
62
El Salvador
57
56
Chile
54
55
Colombia
52
49
Peru
Paraguay
Mexico
Honduras
Brazil
Bolivia
Panama
Guatemala
Ecuador
Latin America
1997 2000 2001 2002 2005 2006 2008
Source: Latinobarómetro 1997 - 2008.
79
76
72
70
65
62
58
56
55
53
52
52
51
46
45
44
40
39
56
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
TRUST THE GOVERNMENT TO DO WHAT IS RIGHT
LATIN AMERICA 2001 – 2008 / TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008.
Q. I am going read a statement. Please, tell me if you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree
or strongly disagree. “You can generally trust the people who run our government to do what is right”.*Answer
shown only ‘Strongly agree’ plus ‘Agree’.
80
87
Paraguay
69
Uruguay
70
59
56
55
55
53
50
47
45
44
El Salvador
Chile
60
Dominican Rep.
Colombia
50
Brazil
47
40
Ecuador
Venezuela
33
29
30
Bolivia
Costa Rica
26
38
36
36
35
Nicaragua
20
Guatemala
M exico
10
Argentina
30
28
25
Panama
0
Honduras
2001
2002
2005
2008
Peru
47
Latin America
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 2001 – 2008.
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
GOVERNMENT APPROVAL
LATIN AMERICA 2002 – 2008 / TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008.
Q. ¿Do you approve or disapprove the way the President (NAME OF PRESIDENT) is running the country?
Answer shown ‘Approve’.
Paraguay
86
79
75
Brazil
Colombia
60
54
66
Ecuador
Uruguay
52
50
49
52
36
Chile
Mexico
53
51
50
48
46
45
41
Bolivia
42
40
61
59
58
El Salvador
38
Dominican Rep.
Venezuela
30
Guatemala
Costa Rica
20
Panama
35
34
32
Honduras
Argentina
10
Nicaragua
14
Peru
52
Latin America
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Source: Latinobarómetro 2002-2008.
2007
2008
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
PROGESS IN REDUCING CORRUPTION
LATIN AMERICA 2004-2008/ TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008.
Q. How much progress do you think has been made in reducing corruption in State institutions during the
last two years? Much,something,Little,Nothing *Answer shown ‘ Much´, plus ´ something ´.
Colombia
59
58
Uruguay
40
37
35
39
49
48
47
45
44
44
42
Ecuador
38
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
30
Costa Rica
30
Brazil
25
26
Bolivia
Venezuela
20
39
Dominican Rep.
35
31
Panama
15
Mexico
10
Honduras
Paraguay
28
28
26
26
Guatemala
5
22
Argentina
17
Peru
38
Latin America
0
2004
2005
2006
Source: Latinobarómetro 2004-2008
2007
2008
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
FISCAL MORALITY
LATIN AMERICA 1998 - 2008 / TOTALS BY COUNTRY 2008.
Q. On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 means "not at all justifiable" and 10 means "totally justifiable", how
justifiable do you believe it is to evade paying taxes?. * averages shown.
4,7
4,4
El Salvador
Guatemala
10
3,9
3,7
Dominican Rep.
9
M exico
Colombia
8
3,7
3,7
3,7
3,6
3,6
3,6
Bolivia
Panama
7
Peru
6
Honduras
Nicaragua
5
Costa Rica
3,6
3,5
3,3
3,1
2,9
2,8
Chile
4
3,3
3
Brazil
3,5
Ecuador
Uruguay
2
2,2
Argentina
1,9
Paraguay
1
2,8
2,7
Venezuela
1998
2003
2005
2008
Latin America
3,5
0
Source: Latinobarómetro 1998 – 2008.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
The relationship between
Democracy and
Development:
The role of liberty
FREEDOM AND SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY
www.globalbarometer.org
FREEDOM AS THE MEANING OF DEMOCRACY
70
Singapore
60
Venezuela
Malawi
50
Korea
Panamá
Mongolia
Argentiana
Cape Verde
Philipines
Benin
Nicaragua
Mozambique
40
Uruguay
Costa Rica
Ghana
Senegal
Madagascar
Chile
South Africa
Zambia
Paraguay
Indonesia
Kenya
Honduras Peru
Guatemala
Namibia
Ecuador
Botswana
Bolivia
Vietnam
Uganda
El
Salvador
Mali
Brazil
Lesotho
Taiwan
Nigeria
Mexico
Tanzania
Zimbabwe
Colombia
Thailand
30
20
Pakistan
10
Nepal
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
India
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY
60
70
80
90
FREEDOM AND SATISFACTION WITH DEMOCRACY
FREEDOM AS THE MEANING OF DEMOCRACY
www.globalbarometer.org
70
Singapore
Venezuela
60
Malawi
50
Uruguay
Panamá
Argentina
Korea
Costa Rica
Mongolia
Ghana
Cape Verde
40
Paraguay
Perú
30
Philippines
Nicaragua
Madagascar
Zambia
Chile
Guatemala
Honduras
Bolivia
Ecuador
Nigeria
Mexico
Zimbawe
20
Brazil
Colombia
Nepal
10
Benin
Senegal
Mozambique
South Afirca
Kenya Indonesia
Namibia
Botswana
El Salvador
Uganda
Lesotho
Tanzania
Vietnam
Mali
Taiwan
Thailand
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
India
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
SATISFACTION WITH DEMOCRACY
60
70
80
90
ECONOMIC SENTIMENT
AND SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY
www.globalbarometer.org
160
Vietnam
150
ECONOMIC SENTIMENT
140
130
Namibia
Mongolia
120
Singapore
110
Mozambique
South Africa
Argentina
Indonesia
Senegal
Cape Verde
Madagascar
India
Uganda
Chile
Bangladesh
Nigeria
Paraguay
Colombia
Mexico
Botsw
ana
Philippines
Taiw an
Mali
Panamá
Tanzania
Ecuador
Bolivia
Zambia
Nepal
Venezuela
Guatemala
El Salvador Honduras
Peru Sri Lanka
Malaw i
Benin
Korea
Lesotho
Nicaragua
Brazil
100
Pakistan
90
80
Thailand
Kenya
Costa Rica
Uruguay
Ghana
Zimbabw e
70
20
30
40
50
60
SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY
70
80
ECONOMIC SENTIMENT
AND SATISFACTION WITH DEMOCRACY
www.globalbarometer.org
160
Vietnam
ECONOMIC SENTIMENT
150
140
130
Namibia
Mongolia
120
Singapore
South Afirca
Argentina
110
Madagascar
Nigeria
Mexico
100
Paraguay
Bolivia
Ecuador
90
Brazil
Colombia
Chile
Pakistan Philippines
Panamá
Zambia
Nepal
Perú Guatemala
Malawi
80
Senegal
Cape Verde
Indonesia Mozambique
Uganda
India
Bangladesh
Kenya
Botswana
Mali
Costa Rica Taiwan
Uruguay
Tanzania
El SalvadorVenezuela
Sri Lanka
Honduras Lesotho
Nicaragua
Korea
Benin
Thailand
Ghana
Zimbawe
70
5
15
25
35
45
55
SATISFACTION WITH DEMOCRACY
65
75
85
Latin American
Exceptionalism
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
¿Where does Latin America Stand in the World?
Latin America differs from the rest of the world
inasmuch as its culture is not transforming itself
following the same path that other cultural regions
have done in the past.
While the rest of the world has moved from a
traditional to a rational culture shift at the compass
of growth, Latin America reinforces its traditions at
the same time it moves towards higher levels of
selfexpression.
The Human Development Value Space in Theory
+
1.00
CHOICE
0.95
0.90
0.85
+
0.80
0.75
Secular-Rational Values
The constraint vs.
choice polarity reflects
a Human Development
continuum in which
a move towards the
choice-end means
more Human
Development as it gives
people more room
to realize their inner
human potentials.
0.70
0.65
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
_
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
_
0.05
CONSTRAINT
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70 0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00
_
Self-Expression Values
+
On average, the five
cultural zones (for which
data are available from
1981 to 2006) have been
moving toward stronger
self-expression values.
Four of these five zones
also moved toward
stronger secular-rational
values. But this move
is less pronounced.
+
0.65
0.60
0.55
Secular-Rational Values
Net Value
Changes
within
Cultural
Zones
(1981-2006)
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
1981
0.25
2006
0.20
0.15
_
0.10
0.15
_
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
Self-Expression Values
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
+
TRUST
GLOBAL
BAROMETER
Here those who no do not trust by continent
42
East Asia
51
Africa
56
New Europe
75
Latinamerica
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Trust
Q. Generally speaking, would you say that you can trust most people, or that you can never be too
careful when dealing with others?. Here only “You can trust most people”
Source: Latinobarómetro 1996-2003 / Afrobarometer 1999-2001
80
CONFLICTS IN SOCIETY
AMÉRICA LATINA 2007 - 2008.
Here only Very “strong and strong”
Source: Latinobarómetro 2007 - 2008.
DEMOCRACY GARANTIES …. AMÉRICA LATINA
2008
¿ To what extent are the following guaranteed? * Here only “completely and somewhat guaranteed’
Source: Latinobarómetro 2008.
Final Point: The Relevance of Self-Expression Values
Correlations with Aggregate Self-Expression Values 1990-2000
Per Capita GDP 2002 in PPP
.82 (76)
Life Expectancy at Birth 2003
.63 (78)
Tertiary Level Education Enrollment 2002
.50 (56)
Internet Penetration 2003
.76 (60)
Creative Economy Size 2003
.73 (29)
Scope of Economic Liberties 1998
.66 (59)
Corruption Ranking 2004
- .84 (79)
Human Rights Performance 2003
.76 (73)
Political Stability and Peace Rating 2004
.75 (79)
Note:
Entries are product-moment correlation coefficients with number of nations in parentheses. All
correlations significant at the .001-level.
DEMOCRACY FREEDOM AND
ECONOMIC EXPECTATIONS
Net Optimism* and Convinced** Democrats in
Latin America
• Optimist minus Pesismtists based on 6 questions on economic expectation, present past and future
•** Those who support democracy and think it the best system.
DEMOCRACY AND DEVELOPMENT
DEMOCRACY
FREEDOM
ECONOMY
Support for Democracy
70
60
63
61
19
62
58
57
56
53
50
40
58
53
57
54
53
14
48
41
38
29
37
33
30
4
3,8
25
6,1
2,1
20
37
37 9
5,7
3
31
29
27
38
36
4,8
5,6
4
0,9
-0,3
-0,4
-1
10
0
-6
1995
1996
1997
1998
2000
Satisf echo con la democracia
Proyectado 2006
Source: Latinobarómetro 1995-2008.
2001
2002
2003
2004
Democracia es pref erible
2005
2006
2007
2008
Crecimiento PIB per cápita
Growth PIB per capita
SUPPORT AND SATISFATION WITH DEMOCRACY
AND PIB PER CAPITA AMÉRICA LATINA 1995-2008.
THANK YOU
ANNEX
UNSATISFIED DEMOCRATS ASIA
www.globalbarometer.org
SUPPORT FOR
DEMOCRACY
SATISFACTION
UNSATISFIED
DEMOCRATS
(DIFERENCE)
FREEDOM
Japan
63
48
15
Phillipines
51
37
14
37
Sri Lanka
54
44
10
11
Indonesia
64
59
5
33
Korea
43
48
-5
49
Thailand
73
78
-5
17
Taiwan
48
56
-8
22
Pakistan
24
32
-8
11
India
49
57
-8
6
Bangladesh
44
53
-9
8
Vietnam
72
85
-13
25
Singapore
59
82
-23
Mongolia
39
63
-24
43
UNSATISFIED DEMOCRATS AFRICA
www.globalbarometer.org
SUPPORT FOR
DEMOCRACY
UNSATISFIED
DEMOCRATS
(DIFERENCE)
SATISFACTION
FREEDOM
Zimbabwe
66
14
52
19
Nigeria
66
25
41
23
Zambia
64
25
39
33
Malawi
56
26
30
52
Cape Verde
71
46
25
41
Kenya
74
51
23
31
Senegal
75
53
22
36
Benin
70
48
22
35
Madagascar
42
25
17
34
Uganda
62
50
12
23
Lesotho
51
39
12
21
Mali
68
57
11
24
Nepal
42
31
11
11
Botswana
69
59
10
28
Ghana
75
70
5
42
South Africa
66
63
3
33
Tanzania
37
37
0
19
Mozambique
56
59
-3
35
Namibia
57
69
-12
31
UNSATISFIED DEMOCRAT LATIN AMERICA
www.globalbarometer.org
SATISFACTION
UNSATISFIED
DEMOCRATS
(DIFERENCE)
FREEDOM
52
11
41
31
Uruguay
79
43
36
46
Mexico
53
17
36
21
Argentina
68
34
34
45
Venezuela
70
37
33
60
Paraguay
40
9
31
32
Costa Rica
77
47
30
45
Bolivia
52
23
29
29
Panamá
51
24
27
47
Ecuador
46
22
24
29
Colombia
50
26
24
18
Nicaragua
50
30
20
36
Guatemala
38
21
17
30
Honduras
51
34
17
30
Chile
52
36
16
33
El Salvador
45
32
13
24
Brazil
35
28
7
23
SUPPORT FOR
DEMOCRACY
Peru
SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRACY
AFRICA- ASIA- LATIN AMERICA
www.globalbarometer.org
79
Uruguay
Cost a Rica
Senegal
Ghana
Kenya
Thailand
Viet nam
Cape Verde
Benin
Venezuela
Bot swana
Mali
Argent iana
Zimbabwe
Sout h
Nigeria
Zambia
Indonesia
Japan
Uganda
Singapore
Namibia
Mozambiqu
Malawi
Sri Lanka
Mexico
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
Lesot ho
Panamá
Honduras
Phillipines
Nicaragua
Colombia
India
Taiwan
Ecuador
El Salvador
Bangladesh
Korea
Nepal
Madagasca
Paraguay
Mongolia
Guat emala
Tanzania
Brazil
Pakist an
Tot al
57
56
56
46
45
44
43
42
42
59
64
64
63
62
66
66
66
75
75
74
73
72
71
70
70
69
68
68
77
54
53
52
52
52
51
51
51
51
50
50
49
48
40
39
38
37
35
24
0
10
20
55
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
SATISFACTION WITH DEMOCRACY
AFRICA- ASIA- LATIN AMERICA
www.globalbarometer.org
85
Viet man
Singapore
Thailand
Ghana
Namibia
Mongolia
Sout h Af rica
Indonesia
Bot swana
Mozambique
India
Mali
Taiwan
Banglades
Senegal
Kenya
Uganda
Japan
Korea
Benin
Cost a Rica
Cape Verde
Sri Lanka
Uruguay
Lesot ho
Phillipines
Tanzania
Venezuela
Chile
Honduras
Arget ina
Pakist an
El Salvador
Nepal
Nicaragua
Brazil
Malawi
Colombia
Nigeria
Zambia
Madgascar
Panamá
Bolivia
Ecuador
Guat emala
Mexico
Zimbabwe
Peru
Paraguay
Tot al
70
69
59
59
59
53
53
44
43
37
37
37
36
14
9
0
10
26
26
25
25
25
24
23
22
21
17
28
32
32
31
30
48
48
48
47
46
78
82
63
63
57
57
56
51
50
39
34
34
11
40
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
FREEDOM AS THE MEANING DEMOCRACY
AFRICA- ASIA- LATIN AMERICA
www.globalbarometer.org
Singapore
Venezuela
Malawi
Korea
Panama
Uruguay
Cost a Rica
Argent ina
Mongolia
Ghana
Cape Verde
Philippines
Nicaragua
Senegal
Mozambique
Benin
Madagascar
Chile
Zambia
Sout h Af rica
Indonesia
Paraguay
Peru
Namibia
Kenya
Guat emala
Honduras
Bolivia
Ecuador
Bot swana
Viet nam
El Salvador
Mali
Uganda
Nigeria
Brazil
Taiwan
Mexico
Lesot ho
Zimbabwe
Tanzania
Colombia
Thailand
Sri Lanka
Pakist an
Nepal
Bangladesh
India
60 62
52
47
46
45
45
49
43
42
41
37
36
36
35
35
34
33
33
33
33
32
31
31
31
30
30
29
29
28
25
24
24
23
23
23
22
21
21
8
11
11
11
19
19
18
17
6
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Convinced Democrats
Democracy is preferable
Uruguay
Venezuela
79
82
Democracy as the best
system of government
88
86
Convinced Democrats
República Dominicana
Bolivia
73
68
79
77
62
58
Costa Rica
Colombia
67
62
77
82
58
57
Argentina
Promedio
60
57
77
73
56
49
Paraguay
53
70
48
Chile
51
70
46
Nicaragua
58
67
46
Panamá
56
71
45
Brasil
47
82
43
Ecuador
56
60
40
El Salvador
50
63
38
México
Perú
43
45
69
63
36
36
Honduras
44
66
34
Guatemala
34
58
25
75
72
Net Optimism and Convinced Democrats in
Latin America
Optimists
Mixt
Pesimists
Convinced Democrats **
5
6
Net
Optimism*
71
52
Brasil
Paraguay
76
58
19
35
Colombia
58
30
12
46
57
Uruguay
Ecuador
Venezuela
54
49
54
31
36
22
14
15
23
40
34
31
75
40
72
Panamá
42
36
21
21
45
Promedio
Argentina
Bolivia
Nicaragua
Chile
México
Costa Rica
40
37
35
35
29
30
27
34
37
36
32
43
36
37
26
25
28
33
28
34
36
14
12
7
2
1
-3
-8
49
56
58
46
46
36
58
Honduras
Guatemala
El Salvador
Rep. Dominicana
Perú
27
22
30
21
21
37
45
29
34
33
36
33
41
45
46
-10
-11
-11
-24
-25
34
25
38
62
36
•Optimist minus Pesismtists
•** Those who support democracy and think it the best system.
43
48