Transcript Pollutants in runoff when performing land management

POLLUTANTS WHEN PERFORMING
LAND MANAGEMENT – STRATEGIES,
SAMPLING, ANALYSIS
PER-ANDERS BERGQVIST, PHD ENV. CHEMISTRY
EXPOSMETER AB
SWEDEN
LAND MANAGEMENT VERSUS WATER
Harmful substances usually originate from land
When changing the use of land, transport of pollutants to
water will occur
not
Water management in
only a question of quantity, m3
The quality of water has to be adressed!
Polluted water has to be treated to proper quality
It means investments
In treatment system or else…
In treating adverse effects in humans
and ecosystem.
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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MONITORING
• Traditional monitoring shows occurence of specific
compounds at few sites (due to expensive sampling)
• BUT
• We need to describe all watershed pollution
• AND
• Identify sources
• FOR
• Eliminate or reduce effluents and risk
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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ORIGIN OF POLLUTANTS
• Industrial activities
• Use of chemicals depending of
the land use
• Household activities
• Human use
• Wastewater treatment plants
• Leachate of naturally occurring
chemicals (metals, plant material)
• Leachate from previous land use
• Upstream activities
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICALS
• Goal for the investigation
• Strategy for investigation
• Adjust sampling strategy due
to real field situation – on site
• Field sampling
• Transport to proper laboratory
• Hi-Tech analysis
• Interpretation of results
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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SAMPLING EQUIPMENT
• Integrative sampling
• In situ concentration
• Non-destructive transport to
proper laboratory
• Need of easy to use, easy to
transport, preserving methods.
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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SAMPLING
1-3 weeks absorption in water (TWA concentrations)
In situ preconcentation of up to 200 Liter water
In situ pretreatment for easier analysis
Safe for transport (”no” customs problem)
No degradation or transformation of chemicals
during transport
• No need of frozen conditions during transport
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Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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TRANSPORT OF SAMPLES
SPMD
POCIS
DGT
• df
20 gram
30 gram
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
10 gram
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TARGET COMPOUNDS
Industrial chemicals
Pesticides
Combustion created chemicals
Metals
Industrial additives
Food additives
Personal hygiene chemicals
Household chemicals
Medical drugs
Illicit drugs
Veterinary drugs
Environmentally transformed
chemicals
• Nutrients, mainly P and N
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
• etc
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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OPPORTUNITIES
• Help industries to describe effluents
• Help land management before and after
intervension (positive and negative changes)
• Identify sources of pollutants
• Regular monitoring to describe temporal and
spacial changes of pollution
• To work with sampling even in remote areas
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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EXPOSMETER AB EXPERTISE
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Sampling strategies
Field sampling
Producer of sampling equipment
Access to hi-tech specialised laboratories
Interpretation of analytical results
Quorious, experienced and goal oriented personnel
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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EXPOSMETER AB LIKE
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To be included in ongoing projects
To act as resource for ongoing project
To participate in planning of projects
To distribute sampling equipment
To teach proper use of passive sampling
To maybe be a open resource to be used by
projects (central sponsored)
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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THANK YOU!
• Come and discuss your needs with us!
• [email protected]
A lot of USELESS water!
Namibia COP11. ExposMeter AB,
PhD Per-Anders Bergqvist
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