The Digestive System

(Breaking food down into smaller pieces) Let’s find out what happened to your breakfast today!

• • • • • • • • • • Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Liver Large Intestine Gall Bladder Pancreas Rectum Anus

Mouth

• Teeth (mechanical breakdown) – Incisors used for cutting – Canines used for stabbing and holding – Molars large surface area used for grinding • Saliva (chemical breakdown) – Enzyme (speeds up reactions in the body) – Breaks down carbohydrate

Esophagus

• • • Approximately 25cm long Moves food from the throat to the stomach – Muscle movement called peristalsis If acid from the stomach gets in here that’s heartburn.

Stomach

• • • • Stores the food you eat Chemically breaks it down into tiny pieces Mixes food with digestive juices Acid in the stomach kills bacteria

Small Intestine

• • • • Small intestines are roughly 6 metres long.

Enzymes and bile are added.

Villi increase the surface area to help absorption .

Nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls.

Liver

• • • Directly affects digestion by producing bile – Bile is an enzyme helps dissolve fat that Processes nutrients in the blood, filters out toxins and waste.

Is often called the body’s energy factory

Gall Bladder

• • • Stores bile from the liver Delivers bile when food is digested Fatty diets can cause gallstones

Pancreas

• • • Produces compounds to digest fats and proteins Neutralizes acids that enter small intestine Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin

Large Intestine

• • • • About 1.5 metres long Accepts what small intestines don’t absorb. Absorbs water and minerals from the waste matter.

Absorption means taking into the body via the blood stream.

Rectum and Anus

• • Rectum – About 15cm long – Stores waste before egestion.

Anus – Muscular ring that controls egestion.

Write the name of each colored organ:

• • • • • • • Green: Red: Pink: Brown: Purple: Green: Yellow: