Transcript Document

Behavior Based Safety
(rev. 8/04)
Joint Safety and Operations
Think Tank
1
FATAL
30 MAJORS
(Disabling
Accidents)
300
RECORDABLE ACCIDENTS
(Off Work, limited work and no
lost time)
3,000
NEAR MISSES OR FIRST AID
30,000 HAZARDS
Unsafe acts-Unsafe conditions
What is Behavior-Based Safety?
• Focuses on at-risk behaviors that can lead to
injury
• Focuses on safe behaviors that can
contribute to injury prevention
• BBS is an injury
prevention process
1b
The Safety Triad
4a
Behavior Based
Safety
Process Improvement
Action Plan
Employee ownership
Data collection
Observation Training
Pre-Task/JSA Training
Behavior Awareness Training
Observations/Feedback
JSA
SafeStart
The BBS Process
• Advanced Safety Awareness Training
– SafeStart
• Job Task Analysis /Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
– Job task sequence/hazards for each step/how to
eliminate each hazard.
• Behavioral Observations
– Observe job task looking at safe and at-risk actions
– Entered into data base/reports reviewed and action
plans developed.
There are 3 types of at-risk behavior:
•conscious behavior
•habitual behavior
•unintentional behavior
BBS is about unintentional behavior and habitual
behavior.
To be more specific, it's about how to prevent mistakes or errors
you never wanted to make in the first place.
THE CONCEPTS OF BBS CAN BE APPLIED
ANYWHERE!!!
•
While Driving
• At Home
• At Work
Reality is… the majority of the time
our own Bad Habits and/or our Lack
Of Thinking Things Through
Cause us to get hurt!!!
E
With ...
BBS
• Rushing
• Frustration
• Fatigue
• Complacency
Unit 1
CAN CAUSE OR
CONTRIBUTE TO THESE
“4
CRITICAL ERRORS”
Eyes not on Task
Mind not on Task
Line - of - Fire
Balance/Traction/Grip
Unit 1

INCREASING THE
RISK OF INJURY!!
Eyes not on Task
Rushing
Frustration
Fatigue
Mind not on Task
+
Complacency
Line - of - Fire
Balance/Traction/
Grip
BBS
• Has rushing ever been a factor in an injury
or close call?
• Have you ever or almost fallen asleep while
driving your motor vehicle?
• Have you almost or been hit by another car
because the driver didn’t see you?
• How many of you have almost hit another
car because you didn’t see it?
Unit 1

BBS
Practice:
Recognizing the
patterns (states to
errors) you
experience..
Unit 1
E
Critical Error Reduction by
Triggering on States.
• Be aware of the state you may be in so
corrective actions can be made.
• Slow down if possible.
• Plan the job task to increase efficiency and
hazard awareness.
• Think about what you are doing,
concentrate on the task at hand.
Scenario
• Relate an incident in the state to error
context and share with group.
(divide into groups)
INCREASING THE
RISK OF INJURY!!
Eyes not on Task
Rushing
Frustration
Fatigue
Mind not on Task
+
Complacency
Unit 1
Line - of - Fire
Balance/Traction/
Grip
Job Safety Analysis
• Job Safety Analysis (JSA) is based
on the following ideas:
– That a specific job or work
assignment can be separated into a
series of relatively simple steps.
– That hazards associated with each
step can be identified.
– That solutions can be developed to
control each hazard.
Job safety analysis four basic steps:
• Select the job to be analyzed.
• Separate the job into its basic
steps.
• Identify the hazards associated
with each step.
• Control each hazard.
Pre-Task / JSA
• When are performing JSA’s required?
• Cards may be used for JSA or Observation
or both.
• PRACTICE EXERCISE
Behavior
• Observable Action
– Safe Behavior
– At-risk Behavior
• Measurable
• Causes most accidents
• Consequences motivate change
Observation and Feedback
• Observation and feedback goals:
– Create a situation where employees will
consciously practice safe behaviors.
– Reinforce safe behaviors.
– Correct worker when at-risk behaviors are
observed.
– Through feedback look for the cause of at-risk
behaviors; consciousness, facility/equipment,
disagreement, personal choice, etc.
Observation and Feedback Cont.
• Follow standard procedures for all
observations.
• Observations should be brief but thorough.
• Focus on actions, showing respect and
genuine concern for worker being observed.
• Keep information confidential, not a
disciplinary tool.
Observation Procedures
• Familiarize yourself with the work area
and project observing.
• Ask permission to observe.
• Observe task, looking at safe work
practices listed on the observation cards.
• Immediately correct any imminent
danger situations.
– Stop the job and discuss the concerns.
Observation Procedures Cont.
• At the completion of the observation give
feedback.
– Positively reinforce safe practices.
– Give corrective feedback.
• Record barriers found that may produce atrisk behaviors.
• For self observations; Plan ahead and record
observations immediately after task.
Feedback
• After observation stop the job for a short
discussion.
• Give positive feedback for safe work practices.
• Give corrective feedback:
– Why at-risk practice was used?
– Ask if another method, using safe practices, could be
used.
– Offer ideas.
– Review comments recorded on observation cards with
employee.
Feedback Cont.
• Thank employee for allowing the
observation.
• Assure the observed employee that the
process is confidential and is not used for
disciplinary actions.
Feedback / Resistance
• Remember participation is voluntary.
• Listen to disagreements.
• Respect their position and find points you
can agree on.
• You may not have all the answers! Don’t
act like you do.
Observation Form
•
•
•
•
•
BBS observation types
BBS observation form instructions
Barrier codes
Comments
How many observations are expected?
Practice exercise: Mock or walk into shop for
actual sample observation. Complete
including feedback.
Data Analysis / Reports
• Cards are collected (or JSA/BSO sheets are
faxed) and sent to the Region office.
• A BBS file will be available on the “H”
drive for observation data entry.
• Reports will be generated at-risk behavior
analysis and to initiate action planning.
Summary
Behavior-based safety
• Reflects a proactive approach to safety and
health management
• Reflects a proactive approach to injury
prevention
9a
Summary
Behavior-based safety
• Focuses on at-risk behaviors that can lead to
injury
• Focuses on safe behaviors that can
contribute to injury prevention
• Is an injury prevention process
9b