Transcript Refereeing with Fewer Than Three Officials

Refereeing with
Fewer Than Three
Course Objectives
• Understand Diagonal System of Control (DSC)
principles
• Understand the priorities for referees
• Apply those principles and priorities when fewer
than three referees are available.
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What Do Officials Need to Monitor?
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Scoring of a goal
Ball over a boundary line
Offside
Fouls/misconduct
Technical infringements (on restarts)
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Core Principle of the DSC
Referees constantly vary their positions to maximize the
likelihood that one is properly situated to judge any event
that occurs
– The referee always makes the decision
– The assistant referees communicate (signal) what
they have seen, assisting the referee to make a
decision
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DSC with Three Referees:
Boxing Play
AR2
Direction of play
Fouls and
injuries
Touch line
Goal line
R
AR1
Offside
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DSC with Three Referees:
Boxing Play
AR2
Offside
Touch line
Goal line
Direction of play
R
Fouls and
injuries
AR1
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DSC with Three Referees:
Boxing Play
AR2
Offside
Touch line
Goal line
Direction of play
Fouls and
injuries
R
AR1
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DSC with Three Referees:
Four Eyes on Play
AR2
R
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AR1
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DSC with Three Referees:
Where Should The Referee Be?
AR2
Direction of play
D A
D
D
D
A
A
D A
D
A
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DA
D
A
A
DA
AR1
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DSC with Three Referees:
On the Diagonal?
AR2
Direction of play
R
D A
D
D
D
A
A
D A
D
A
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DA
D
A
A
D A
AR1
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DSC with Three Referees:
A Better Position
AR2
Direction of play
R
D A
D
D
DA
D
A
D A
D
A
A
D
A
A
DA
AR1
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DSC with Three Referees:
Re-establishing Position with AR2
AR2
Direction of play
R
D
D
D
DA
D
A
A
D A
D
A
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A
D
A
A
D A
AR1
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What Governs the Referee’s Movement?
• Where must he be…
– To observe what is happening now?
– To observe what will happen next?
• These can be contradictory demands!
• The assistant referees help resolve the conflict
• This is what makes refereeing with fewer than three
officials hard!
– Less information from others means more constraints
on positioning
– Referee can’t do it all by himself, so must prioritize
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DSC with Two Referees
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DSC with Two Referees
• One is the referee, one is an assistant referee
• A club linesman is used on the other touch line
• This is the only acceptable configuration
The dual system (two referees on the
field with whistles) is not authorized
for use in AYSO matches!
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DSC with Two Referees:
Positioning
CL
Touch line
Fouls and
injuries
Goal line
Direction of play
R
Referee will need to
lead play to watch for
offside
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AR1
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DSC with Two Referees:
Idealized Referee Coverage
CL
R
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AR1
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DSC with Two Referees:
Realistic Referee Coverage
CL
R
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AR1
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DSC with One Referee
• Recruit two club linesman
• Never do a game solo without linesmen!
– Physically and mentally taxing
– Can’t watch everything
– Must focus on priorities: goals, offside, fouls
– Linesmen worry about ball into touch
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DSC with One Referee:
Realistic Referee Coverage
CL
R
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CL
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DSC with One Referee: Implications
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Coverage is shallower and narrower
Judging ball on goal line is next to impossible
Obvious offside (younger players) is easy
Judging close offside requires being ahead of the ball
at both ends, which is impossible
→Don’t call offside unless you are sure!
 For older players, tight control is essential
→Limit use of advantage
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Restarts
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Where Should the Referee Be?
B
CL
Direction of play
D
A = Corner Kick Referee Side
B = Corner Kick Club Linesman Side
R
E
C = DFK Referee Side
D = DFK Club Linesman Side
E = Penalty Kick
C
A
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AR1
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DSC: Restarts with Club Linesman
Referee Position
CL
Direction of play
A = Corner Kick
Referee side
R
A
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DSC: Restarts with Club Linesman
Referee Position
CL
B
Direction of play
B = Corner Kick
Club Linesman side
R
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DSC: Restarts with Club Linesman
Referee Position
CL
Direction of play
C = DFK Referee Side
C
R
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DSC: Restarts with Club Linesman
Referee Position
CL
Direction of play
D
D = DFK
Club Linesman Side
R
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DSC: Restarts with Club Linesman
Referee Position
Direction of play
E = Penalty Kick
CL
E
R
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DSC with Fewer than Three:
People Management
DSC with Fewer Than Three:
People Management
• Younger players’ games
– Focus on the adults
– Have pre-game discussion with coaches
• Older players’ games
– Focus on players, not coaches/spectators
– “Sign up” the players for low offside expectations
– Limit use of advantage
– Failure to detect fouls can lead to loss of control
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Fouls Off-the-Ball
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Identify problem players early
Be nearer to problem players
Take a wider position to see more
Ask AR (not club linesman) to watch players
Speak to players early; prevent escalation
Consider cautioning earlier than usual
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DSC with Two Officials: AR Helps with
Problem Players
CL
When play is here
R
AR1 watches
players behind
referee’s back
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AR1
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Summary
• Refereeing with fewer than three referees is a
compromise
• Use principles of the DSC to adjust position to
compensate
• Prioritize your duties and position yourself to
maximize your ability to judge goals, offside and fouls
And remember: the dual system is not authorized
for use in AYSO!
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