Transcript CFI Workshop Module 8, Core Topic 15

Federal Aviation
Administration
FAASTeam
CFI Workshop 8
Module 8, Core Topics 15:
Pilot Deviations Including
Runway Incursions
Presented to: Instructors and Pilot Examiners
By: The FAASTeam
Date: July 1 to September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Module 8 – Core Topic 15
Pilot Deviations, Including Runway
Incursions:
• Educate your students to recognize the potential
for Pilot Deviations during all Areas of Operation
• Create and demonstrate situations that will
enable students to experience various types of
Pilot Deviations first hand in the training
environment.
• Teach and practice strategies to mitigate Pilot
Deviations dependant on distractions and/or
cockpit confusion.
Are all of your students registered at FAASafety.gov?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
2
Definitions
What is a runway incursion?
Any occurrence at an aerodrome involving the incorrect
presence of an aircraft, vehicle or person on the
protected area of a surface designated for the landing
and takeoff of aircraft.
Definition according to ICAO
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
3
Definitions
What is a pilot deviation?
A pilot deviation (PD) is an action of a pilot that violates
any Federal Aviation Regulation.
Definition according to Department of Transportation
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
4
Definitions
What is an Operational Error?
An operational error (OE) is an action of an air traffic
controller that results in: Less than the required
minimum separation between two or more aircraft, or
between an aircraft and obstacles (e.g., vehicles,
equipment, personnel on runways). An aircraft landing or
departing on a runway closed to aircraft.
Definition according to Department of Transportation
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
5
Definitions
What is a vehicle/pedestrian deviation?
A vehicle or pedestrian deviation (V/PD) includes
pedestrians, vehicles, or other objects interfering with
aircraft operations by entering or moving on the
movement area without authorization from air traffic
control.
Definition according to Department of Transportation
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
6
http://www.faa.gov/airports/runway_safety
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
7
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
8
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
9
Classifications of Runway Incursion
Category D
Little or no chance of collision but meets the definition
of a runway incursion
Definitions according to FAA Office of Runway Safety
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
10
Classifications of Runway Incursion
Category C
Separation decreases but there is ample time and
distance to avoid a potential collision
Definitions according to FAA Office of Runway Safety
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
11
Classifications of Runway Incursion
Category B
Separation decreases and there is a significant
potential for collision
Definitions according to FAA Office of Runway Safety
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
12
Classifications of Runway Incursion
Category A
Separation decreases and participants take extreme
action to narrowly avoid a collision, or the event results
in a collision
Definitions according to FAA Office of Runway Safety
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
13
Classifications of Runway Incursion
Category E
Does not fit into any other category
Definitions according to FAA Office of Runway Safety
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
14
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
15
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
16
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
17
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
18
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
19
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
20
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
21
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
22
What can you do to reduce
runway incursions?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Plan your surface operations
Employ cockpit discipline
Understand taxi procedures
Make proper use of aircraft lights
Use proper communication techniques
Understand/recognize airport signs and
markings
• STAY ALERT – Look both ways prior to
crossing any runways!
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
23
Planning Surface Operations
• Pre plan taxi routes at departure and
destination airports
• Ensure you have an accurate, up to date
airport diagram available
• Review NOTAM’s and ATIS for possible
construction impacts – rwy/twy closures
• Look for “hot spots”
– Jeppesen airport diagrams – FAA charts
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
24
Verify Compass heading to confirm proper
runway taxiway selection.
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
25
Cockpit Discipline
• Minimize distractions during critical phases
– Taxi for takeoff is where majority of RIs occur
– Delay checklists and “cleanup” until off the runway
• Recognize when you need to have “heads up”
– Any time the plane is moving but…
– Especially when approaching a runway or an intersecting taxiway
• Write down taxi routes and clearances
– From RIIEP – 72% of pilots who had incursion DID NOT
• Use the airport diagram during taxi
– From RIIEP – 47% of pilots who had Rwy inc DID NOT
• Verbalize critical instructions to other crew members
– Hold Short or Crossing instructions
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
26
Pilot Deviations What’s the Problem?
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
27
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
28
• TFR – Temporary Flight Restriction
• SFRA – Special Flight Rules Area
• MOA – Military Operations Area
• ADIZ – Air Defense Identification Zone
• Prohibited – From the surface to defined limit
• Alert – Informs of a high volume of aerial
activity
• Warning – Areas 3 NM beyond the US coast,
possible hazardous activity
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
29
Other Possible Deviations
•
•
•
•
•
Altitude
Heading
Course
Speed
Crossing restrictions
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
30
Helpful Tips
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Watch where you are going!
Pay attention!
When in doubt, ask for help!
Don’t rush
Don’t cut corners
Use the checklist
Keep maps, diagrams and flight plans
available
• Use reminders
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
31
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS WILL SAVE YOUR LIFE!
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
32
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Module 8, Core Topic #15
Questions?
Comments?
Ideas?
Quiz time ~
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
33
1. The before take-off checklist should be completed while
taxing.
a. True
b. False
2. At a Towered airport, if you are unsure of where to taxi
after landing, you should
a. Consult your taxi chart
b. Ask ATC
c. Ask you co-pilot or passenger
d. Taxi around until you find your destination on the
airport.
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
34
3. Should the pilot read-back “all” takeoff and landing
clearances, including the runway designator??
a. Yes
b. No
4. Only “read-back” an ATC clearance when on an “IFR”
flight plan.
a. True
b. False
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
35
5. Which of the following areas are major contributors to
Pilot Deviations in general?
a. Communications
b. Airport Knowledge
c. Cockpit procedures for maintaining orientation
d. Distraction
e. All of the above
Answers Follow –
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
36
1. The before take-off checklist should be completed while
taxing.
a. True
b. False
b. False - Airplane Flying Handbook
2. At a Towered airport, if you are unsure of where to taxi
after landing, you should
a. Consult your taxi chart
b. Ask ATC
c. Ask you co-pilot or passenger
d. Taxi around until you find your destination on the
airport.
b. Ask ATC - Airplane Flying Handbook
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
37
3. Should the pilot read-back “all” takeoff and
landing clearances, including the runway
designator??
“YES” – FAA, Office of Runway Safety.
4. Only “read-back” an ATC clearance when on
an “IFR” flight plan. True or False?
“False’ – AIM, Section 5 and Airplane Flying
Handbook
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
38
5. Which of the following areas are major contributors to
Pilot Deviations in general?
a. Communications
b. Airport Knowledge
c. Cockpit procedures for maintaining orientation
d. Distraction
e. All of the above
e. All of the above - Airplane Flying Handbook (FAAH-8083-3A) page 1-5
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
39
This Completes CFI Workshop Module 8
AND
The Second CFI Workshop Series
CONGRATULATIONS!
FAASTeam CFI Workshop 8
Federal Aviation
Administration
July 1 through September 30, 2012
Downloaded from www.avhf.com
40