Transcript Lecture powerpoint

Depth perception
I. Oculomotor Cues
-accomodation
Depth perception
I. Oculomotor Cues
-accomodation
-convergence
I. Oculomotor Cues
-accomodation
-convergence
II. Pictorial Cues
-overlap/occlusion
Depth perception
I. Oculomotor Cues
-accomodation
-convergence
II. Pictorial Cues
-overlap/occlusion
-relative size
-relative height
Depth perception
Hearing
Hearing
I. Oculomotor Cues
-accomodation
-convergence
II. Pictorial Cues
-overlap/occlusion
-relative size
-relative height
-linear perspective
-atmospheric/aerial perspective
-texture gradient
Depth perception
Movement-produced cues
-Motion parallax
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Hearing
Movement-produced cues
-Motion parallax
-optic flow
Movement-produced cues
-Motion parallax
-optic flow
-deletion and accretion
Binocular Disparity
Horoptor
Size illusions based on distance
Size constancy and size illusions
It must have something to do with the perceived distance affecting perceived size
Demonstration of this: the perceived size of a negative afterimage
Emmert’s Law:
“The ratio of perceived size to perceived distance is a constant for a given visual angle”
Perceived size/perceived distance = constant (for a given visual angle)
Emmert’s Law: for a given retinal image size, Perceived Size/distance = a constant (k)
Emmert’s Law: for a given retinal image size, Perceived Size/distance = a constant (k)
Re-written: Perceived Size = K(Retinal image size X Perceived distance)
What this means: the further away an object seems to be,
the larger you will perceive it to be.
Emmert’s Law: Perceived Size = K(Retinal image size X Perceived distance)
Size illusions based on distance
Sp = Sr X Dp
15mm X 30 ft = 450 units tall
15mm X 20 ft = 300 units tall
Emmert’s Law:
Sp = k(Sr X Dp)
Perceived size = retinal image size X perceived distance
Size Constancy:
10mm X 30 ft = 300 units tall
15mm X 20 ft = 300 units tall
The Ames Room
Sp = Sr X Dp
The Ames Room
Sp = Sr X Dp
Emmert’s Law: Perceived Size = K(Retinal image size X Perceived distance)
Size illusions based on distance information
Size illusions based on distance
Sp = Sr X Dp
Ponzo Illusion
The Moon Illusion
Size illusions based on distance
Sp = Sr X Dp
Muller-Lyer Illusion
Explanations:
1. Gregory’s Misapplied Size Constancy Scaling (based on Emmert’s Law)
2. Day’s Conflicting Cues Theory
3. Erlebacher & Sekuler’s Confusion Theory