 Turn, Talk & Write:  In the view of Progressives, what was wrong with American society? What solutions did they try to use? Be specific.

Period 7. Part II. Progressivism.

7.3--Chapter 29 Roosevelt & Taft

 Evaluate the effectiveness of Progressive Era reformers and the federal government in bringing about reform at the national level. In your answer be sure to analyze the successes and limitations of these efforts in the period 1900-1920.

   Born out of mid-western farmer’s movements of the 1870’s and 1880’s: Greenback, Labor, Populism Influenced by the Christian welfare “Social Gospel” movement Mostly middle class men and women

 Journalists who used their writing to expose significant environmental, political and social problems plaguing industrial America.

 Heavy on the diagnoses (problems), light on prescription (solutions)  Popular Muckrakers:      Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities, 1904 Ida M. Tarbell: published devastating expose, The History of the Standard Oil Company,” 1904.

Upton Sinclair: The Jungle, 1906.

David G. Phillips: “Treason of the Senate,” 1906



Political

   Use government power to regulate “interests,” i.e. trusts Limit “socialist threat” by improving common person’s living and working conditions Make government more responsive to the people & less influenced by corrupt political machines/big business 

Social

     Clean up the cities: tenements, child labor, disastrous working conditions, pollution Consumer protection Women’s suffrage Temperance Lynching, racism & poverty in Af/Am communities 

Environmental

  Conservation: responsible use of land, natural resources Balance tourism, preservation, exploitation

    Sourcing:  Identify author, source, date.

Close Reading:

  What specific economic, environmental, political or social problem is being described? Be clear and thorough when describing the problem in your own words.

Contextualize:

  Referring to your notes, what specific reform(s) were enacted to address each problem?

Provide key information including significant actors (muckrakers/progressives), reforms, and dates.

Analyze:

 To what extent can reform be considered a successful? To what extent did reform reveal the limitations of government?

 List the five most important achievements of Roosevelt’s presidency. Rank them in order of importance and justify your ranking.

 Groups of three  What were the three major components of T.R.’s “Square Deal” program?

 Jigsaw each component: 

Identify

  What specific reforms were enacted under T.R.’s presidency to address this component?

Describe the intended and actual impact of these reforms.

  Analyze:  What does this reform reveal about Roosevelt’s political philosophy?

Evaluate:   In the context of the Progressive Era, was each reform effective?

Taking a broader historical perspective, was each reform effective?

 Evaluate:  To what extent is it valid to call T.R. a “trust-buster”?

 Assess the effectiveness of T.R.’s “Square Deal” program.

   What are its successes?

What are its limitations?

What are its lasting legacies?

 Analyze: In what ways did Taft’s political philosophy overlap with Roosevelt’s? In what ways was Taft his own man—both in terms of domestic and foreign policy?

 Analyze: What contributed to Taft and Roosevelt’s personal split?

 Evaluate: Was Taft more or less effective in bringing about reform at the national level than his predecessor?

 Who were the candidates?

 Who won?

 Why was this election historically significant?

 For the winning political party?

  For the losing political parties?

For the Progressive movement?

 Analyze: In what ways did Wilson’s political philosophy overlap with Roosevelt’s and Taft’s? In what ways did Wilson differ—both in terms of domestic and foreign policy?

 Evaluate: Was Wilson more or less effective in bringing about reform at the national level than his predecessors?

 Evaluate the effectiveness of Progressive Era reformers and the federal government in bringing about reform at the national level. In your answer be sure to analyze the successes and limitations of these efforts in the period 1900-1920.

 Evaluate the effectiveness of Progressive Era reformers and the federal government in bringing about reform at the national level.