Transcript Systems Thinking Chester Irving Barnard

Systems Thinking
Chester Irving Barnard
By: Anna Shevchenko, Lauren D’Amato, Carly Tawse
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About Barnard
• He was an American business executive, public
administrator, and the author of pioneering work in
management theory and organizations studies.
• Wrote the book, “The Functions of the Executive”.
• Studied at Harvard, his influences were: Max Weber, Kurt
Lewin, Vilfredo Pareto
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Main Theories
Introduced Idea of an
Informal Workplace or
Organization
This provides
communication
among employees
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Believed company’s
needed a willingness to
work and a commonCarly T
Organizations as Systems
S Organizations are made up of
subsystems
S Intergrade all the subsystems
equally to be successful
S Responsibility of Managers to
ensure all the subsystems coordinate well with each other
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Communication Theory
•
The Channels of communication should be definite
•
Everyone should know of the channels of communication
•
Everyone should have access to the formal channels of communication
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Lines of communication should be as short and as direct as possible
•
Competence of persons serving as communication centers should be adequate
•
The line of communication should not be interrupted when organization is functioning
•
Every communication should be authenticated
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Authority and Incentives Theory
•
Managers should treat workers respectfully and competently to
obtain authority.
•
There are two ways of convincing subordinates to cooperate:
tangible incentives and persuasion.
•
Material Incentives
•
Personal non-material opportunities for distinction
•
Desirable physical conditions of work
•
Ideal Benefactions
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The Functions of the Executive
•
Establishing and maintain a system of communication
• Securing essential services from other members
• Formulating organization purposes and objectives
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Limitations
• Time - When given deadlines
• Boundaries - When a certain aspect of your
system breaks down
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Example
Ecosystem + Food Chain
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