Transcript Slide 1 - presleygeography

written form of a language
literary tradition
form of a language spoken in a local area
dialect
a group of languages that share a common origin but
have since evolved into individual languages
language branch
language family
group of languages that share a common ancestor
before recorded history
2nd largest language family
Sino-Tibetan
roots of language trees below the surface represent
possible prehistoric super families
the trunks of trees depict
language families
Germanic invaders of England
Saxons, Jutes, and Angles
Angles and Normans contributed to the development of
the English language because
they invaded England
Why is English the most important language of North
America?
the diffusion of English colonies
The first speakers of the language that evolved into
English were tribes that lived in present-day
Denmark.
English is part of the __________________ language
group.
West-Germanic
English is part of the ____________________ language
branch.
Germanic
Which group of the Germanic family is extinct?
East-Germanic
Why has the Icelandic language changed very little?
Isolation from other places
English is part of which language family?
Indo-European
when people migrate and become isolated from other
members of their group
the results of Isolation causes a language to become
two languages
Romance languages
Italian, French, Romanian, Portuguese, and Spanish
the language spoken throughout the Roman Empire by
soldiers
Vulgar Latin
widely spoken language in Brazil
Portuguese
mix of indigenous and colonial languages
creolized language
most widely spoken Indo-European language is
English
four most frequently spoken branches of
Indo-European
Germanic, Romance, Indo-Iranian, and Balto-Slavic
2 most important languages of South America
Portuguese and Spanish
Flemings and Walloons live in
Belgium.
Flemings and Walloons speak languages that belong to
different
language branches.
official languages of Switzerland
Romansh, French, Italian, and German
Russian/language branch
Balto-Slavic
most important language of Pakistan
Urdu
Celtic languages
revived in parts of the British Isles, spoken in France,
threatened by extinction in England, and extensive body
of literature.
Marija Gimbutas theory points to the first speakers of
Indo-European as the
Kurgans
The Kurgans
from present day Russia and Kazakhstan
Basque is spoken primarily in
the Pyrenees Mountains.
according to Colin Rehfrew’s
Indo-European language diffused across Europe with
the diffusion of agriculture. This is the Anatolian hearth
theory.
Sino-Tibetan and Indo-European
world’s largest language families
language family encompassing the Peoples Republic of
China
Sino-Tibetan
Mandarin
language spoken by the greatest number of native
speakers in the world
Chinese is written in the form of
ideograms
Hebrew
example of a revived language
Bulgaria
Indo-European language is spoken here
Uralic
2nd most widely spoken language family in Europe
individual languages in Africa resulted primarily from
thousands of years of isolation between tribal groups
most important language family in Sub-Saharan Africa is
Niger-Congo
distinction of African languages
linguist continue to add newly discovered languages to
the African list
mutually understood language by people who have
different native languages
lingua franca
development of different dialects in England
different Germanic invaders settled in different regions
differences in British and American English
pronunciation, prevalent dialects, vocabulary, and
spelling
Which immigrants to the American colonies had the
most diverse backgrounds?
Middle Atlantic
boundary between language regions
isogloss
use of English in the French language
franglais