Transcript C1-_Products_from_oil

C1
Products from
oil
Ethene
(C2H4)
Cracking
Cracking involves
involves breaking
breaking
down
down larger
larger crude
crude oil
oil fractions
fractions
into
into smaller
smaller more
more useful
useful
hydrocarbons.
hydrocarbons.
Propene
(C3H6)
Bromine water can be used to test a
compound to see if its an alkane or
alkene. It stays orange if a
compound is saturated. It turns
colourless if a compound is
unsaturated.
Alkenes are produced
during cracking. These are
unsaturated hydrocarbons
which means they contain
a double bond. Their
general formula is CnH2n
Here is an example of cracking:
800°C + Catalyst
C10H22 ----------------------> C5H12 + C3H6 + C2H4
Decane
Pentane
Propene
Ethene
Crude oil can be used to make plastics
using a process called polymerisation.
This process involves joining together
small molecules known as monomers
into large molecules known as
polymers.
Ethene can be polymerised to make
(poly)ethene, used for carrier bags and drinks
bottles because it strong and transparent.
Propene can be polymerised to form
(poly)propene, a strong and tough plastic
used for carpets and rope.
Smart polymers like shape
Designer polymers are
memory polymers, change
materials that chemists
shape when they are hot or
make with specific
cold. Stitches that tighten due
properties for a certain
to the body’s temperature
job. Light sensitive
and then later dissolve are
plasters cause less pain
being developed.
when removed.
Ethanol is an alcohol. Ethanol for use
Biodegradable plastics are made partly
in drinks is made by fermentation of
using corn starch, which microorganisms
sugar using yeast:
feed on to break it down. However,
sugar---------->ethanol + carbon dioxide
growing corn starch for fuel and plastics
The ethanol is produced in batches and
could raise food prices, destroy habitats
gives off CO2, a greenhouse gas.
and cause global warming.
PET is the plastic used for
drinks bottles because it is
strong, light, waterproof
and transparent.
These
properties mean it can be
recycled for hiking jackets.
Cracking is a thermal
decomposition reaction large molecules are
broken into smaller
molecules using heat
This reaction involves heating the
crude oil fraction to a high
temperature so that it vaporises.
The vapour is then passed over a
catalyst or mixed with steam.
Polymerisation of ethene can
represented like this:
Ethanol for use as a fuel or a solvent can be
made from ethene and steam. This is a
hydration reaction. It does not give off CO2
and is a continuous process. However,
ethene comes from crude oil, which means
it is a non-renewable production method.
C1
Products from
oil
___________involves breaking
down larger crude oil fractions
into _________ more _______
hydrocarbons.
Ethene
(C2H4)
__________ can be used to test a
compound to see if its an alkane or
alkene. It stays _______ if a
compound is ____________ It turns
____________ if a compound is
______________.
This reaction involves heating the
crude oil fraction to a high
___________so that it ________.
The vapour is then passed over a
_________ or mixed with _____.
_______ are produced
during cracking. These are
__________ hydrocarbons
which means they contain
a ________ bond. Their
general formula is _______
Cracking is a _________
________ reaction - ____
molecules are broken
into _______ molecules
using _______
Here is an example of cracking:
800°C + Catalyst
C10H22 ----------------------> C5H12 +
+ C2H4
Decane
_______ Propene
______
Crude oil can be used to make plastics
using a process called __________.
This process involves joining together
small molecules known as
__________ into large molecules
known as ___________.
Ethene can be polymerised to make
________________ used for carrier bags and
drinks bottles because it _________ and
____________. Propene can be polymerised
to form _____________ a strong and tough
plastic used for _______ and ________.
_______polymers like
_____________are
Polymerisation of ethene can
________ _______polymers,
materials that chemists
represented like this:
change shape when they are
make with specific
hot or cold. Stitches that
properties for a certain
tighten due to the body’s
job. _________plasters
___________and then later
cause less pain when
______ are being developed.
removed.
_________ is an ________. Ethanol for
___________ plastics are made partly
Ethanol for use as a fuel or a solvent can be
use in drinks is made by
using _________, which ___________
made from ________and _______. This is
___________of sugar using ______.
feed on to break it down. However,
a _________ reaction. It does not give off
sugar---------->ethanol + carbon dioxide
growing corn starch for ____and ______
___
and is a _________ process. However,
The ethanol is produced in ______and
could raise _________, destroy _______
ethene comes from _______ which means
gives off CO2, a greenhouse gas.
and cause ______________.
PET is the plastic used for
drinks bottles because it is
______, _______, _______
and _______. These
properties mean it can be
________for hiking ______.
it is a _____________ production method.