Transcript (a) Small intestine
Figure 14.1 The human digestive system: Alimentary canal and accessory organs.
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
(Spleen)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.1 The human digestive system: Alimentary canal and accessory organs.
Mouth (oral cavity) Tongue Esophagus Liver Gallbladder Small intestine • Duodenum • Jejunum • Ileum Anus
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
Parotid gland Sublingual gland Submandibular gland Salivary glands Pharynx Stomach Pancreas (Spleen) Large intestine • Transverse colon • Descending colon • Ascending colon • Cecum • Sigmoid colon • Rectum • Appendix • Anal canal
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.2a Anatomy of the mouth (oral cavity). (a) Sagittal view of the oral cavity and pharynx.
(a)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
Trachea
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.2a Anatomy of the mouth (oral cavity). (a) Sagittal view of the oral cavity and pharynx.
Nasopharynx Hard palate Oral cavity Lips (labia) Vestibule Soft palate Uvula Palatine tonsil Lingual tonsil Oropharynx Lingual frenulum Epiglottis Tongue Hyoid bone Laryngopharynx Esophagus (a)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
Trachea
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.2b Anatomy of the mouth (oral cavity). (b) Anterior view of the oral cavity.
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
(b)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.2b Anatomy of the mouth (oral cavity). (b) Anterior view of the oral cavity.
Upper lip Gingivae (gums) Hard palate Soft palate Uvula Palatine tonsil Oropharynx Tongue (b)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.3 Basic structure of the alimentary canal wall.
Nerve Artery Vein
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
(visceral peritoneum) Gland in mucosa Duct of gland outside alimentary canal
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.3 Basic structure of the alimentary canal wall.
Visceral peritoneum Mesentery Nerve Artery Vein
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
Gland in mucosa Submucosal glands Duct of gland outside alimentary canal Mucosa Surface epithelium Lamina propria Muscle layer Submucosa Muscularis externa Longitudinal muscle layer Circular muscle layer Serosa (visceral peritoneum) Lumen Lymph nodule
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.4a Anatomy of the stomach. (a) Diagram of the gross internal anatomy (frontal section).
(a)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.4a Anatomy of the stomach. (a) Diagram of the gross internal anatomy (frontal section).
Cardioesophageal sphincter Esophagus Muscularis externa Longitudinal layer Circular layer Oblique layer Lesser curvature Pylorus Fundus Serosa Body Rugae of mucosa Duodenum (a)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
Pyloric sphincter (valve) Greater curvature Pyloric antrum
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.4c Anatomy of the stomach. (c) Enlarged view of gastric pits and glands (longitudinal section).
(c)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.4c Anatomy of the stomach. (c) Enlarged view of gastric pits and glands (longitudinal section).
Gastric pits Surface epithelium Pyloric sphincter Mucous neck cells Parietal cells Gastric glands Chief cells (c)
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.7a Structural modifications of the small intestine. (a) Small intestine.
Blood vessels serving small intestine (a) Small intestine
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.7a Structural modifications of the small intestine. (a) Small intestine.
Blood vessels serving small intestine Muscle layers Large circular folds (plicae circulares) Villi (a) Small intestine
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.7b Structural modifications of the small intestine. (b) Villi.
Vein Artery Submucosa
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
(b) Villi
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.7b Structural modifications of the small intestine. (b) Villi.
Lacteal Blood capillaries Vein Artery Submucosa
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
One villus (b) Villi
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.8 The large intestine.
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.8 The large intestine.
Right colic (hepatic) flexure Transverse colon Haustra Ascending colon IIeum (cut) IIeocecal valve Cecum Appendix
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb
Rectum Anal canal Left colic (splenic) flexure Transverse mesocolon Descending colon Cut edge of mesentery Teniae coli Sigmoid colon External anal sphincter
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.11 Schematic summary of gastrointestinal tract activities.
Food • Chewing (mouth) • Churning (stomach) • Segmentation (small intestine) Chemical digestion Small intestine Large intestine Pharynx Esophagus • Swallowing (oropharynx) • Peristalsis (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine) Stomach Lymph vessel Mainly H 2 O Blood vessel Feces Anus
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
Figure 14.11 Schematic summary of gastrointestinal tract activities.
Food Ingestion Mechanical digestion • Chewing (mouth) • Churning (stomach) • Segmentation (small intestine) Chemical digestion Pharynx Esophagus Propulsion • Swallowing (oropharynx) • Peristalsis (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine) Stomach Absorption Lymph vessel Small intestine Large intestine Mainly H 2 O Blood vessel Feces Defecation Anus
Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
, 9e by Elaine N. Marieb Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings.