Transcript pp-presentation

Drawing blood
samples
EHES Training
Materials
Exclusion criteria
Blood samples are not taken, if participant
• Has a chronic illness which restricts taking
blood samples
• Has anemia (Hb below 10 g/l)
• Doubts about the blood volume to be taken
• Refuses
Equipment
• Blood sampling vacuum
tubes
• Needle for vacuum tubes
• Needleholder/adapter
• Needle disposal container
• Stasis
• Disinfection solution,
swabs, gauze pads, skin
tape
• Disposable gloves
Blood collection tubes
• Serum evacuated
tubes containing gel
or plain serum tubes
(red cap)
• Fluoride-citrate
plasma tube (grey
cap)
• EDTA plasma tubes
(violet cap)
Preparing for the blood
collection
• Check participant’s ID
code
• Place the code label
on the form
• Record length of time
from the last meal in
full hours
• Participant rests 10-15
minutes
• Use gloves or disinfect
hands
Posture of the subject
• Sitting position, hand
downward, palm upwards
• Before blood collection, ask
the participant to remove tight
clothes that might constrict
the upper arm
• If participant tells that he/she
easily faints, supine posture
due to safety of the
participant
• Take blood from the arm not
used for BP measurement
• usually left arm
Protocol 1/8
• Gently tap top of the
fluoride citrate plasma
tube if it contains granules
• Release cover from the
end of the needle and
connect the holder and
sample needle
• Apply tourniquet (if
needed) to search a vein
• Limit the use of the
tourniquet to less than
one minute at a time
Protocol 2/8
• Place the arm in a
downward position
and disinfect the
puncture site
• Remove the protector
case from the needle
• Perform the
venipuncture
Protocol 3/8
• Collect blood first into
the 2 plain serum
tubes
• Press the tube to
puncture the stopper
and start filling
• Loosen the tourniquet
when the bloodstream
runs
• Support the tube
during filling
Protocol 4/8
• When the bloodstream
stops, take the tube
out of the holder
• Check that the tube is
filled to the accurate
volume
• Mix the plain serum
tube 5 times by
inverting the tube
completely top-down
immediately after
taking the tube out of
the holder
Protocol 5/8
• Fill the fluoride-citrate
plasma tube
• Immediately after
taking the fluoridecitrate tube out of the
holder, mix 15 times
by inverting the tube
completely top-down
Protocol 6/8
• Fill the 3 EDTA tubes
• Mix the plain EDTA
tubes 5 times by
inverting the tube
completely top-down
immediately after
taking the tube out of
the holder
• Store all tubes in a
vertical position until
sample handling
Protocol 7/8
• Remove the needle
from the vein
• Apply pressure
immediately on the
puncture site with a
gauze pad until
bleeding stops
Protocol 8/8
• Label the successfully
filled blood sampling
tubes according to the
sampling chart
• Discard needles into a
needle dispose
container and all other
materials
contaminated with
blood into a biological
waste container
Recording
Record:
• Deviations from the blood drawing protocol
• Your initials/personnel code to identify who draw
the blood samples
Acknowledgements
• Slides
• Laura Lund, Päivikki Koponen
• Photographs
• Hanna Tolonen
• Measurement demonstration
• Saara Vallivaara, Maarit Kajosaari